摘要
检察听证制度是党中央对检察工作的制度性要求。制度创设的初衷是将检察专门工作与群众路线相结合,通过群众参与提升检察监督履责能力,实质性化解人民群众纠纷。通过实证分析,在获知我国检察听证会的召开机关、案件类型、参会主体和程序性特征等整体现状的同时,发现检察听证制度的局部运行效果停留于形式层面,一些地方出现了“表演型听证”“任务完成型听证”现象,悖离了制度设计目的。具体表现为听证会召开必要性缺失、当事人的程序性权利保障乏力、听证员功能发挥受限。检察机关内部的考核要求、听证员任职资格条件弱化法律素养要求、参会听证员人选的固定化等因素是背后成因。可行的完善措施是:坚守听证会召开必要性的底线,杜绝“凑数”听证现象;给予当事人必要的权利关照,保障当事人申请召开听证会和获得有效律师帮助;完善听证员选任、管理规范,增强听证员履职尽责能力;并辅之以设置“中立性”听证问题、“实质化”展示证据等配套措施。
The procuratorial hearing system is a systematic requirement of the Communist Party of China for procuratorial work.The original intention of the establishment of the system is to combine specialized procuratorial work with the mass line,enhance the ability of procuratorial supervision to fulfill responsibilities through mass participation,and substantially resolve disputes among the people.Through empirical analysis,while learning about the overll status of the convening organs,case types,participants,and procedural characteristics of China's procuratorial hearing system,it was found that the partial operational effect of the procuratorial hearing system remained at the formal level,resulting in the phenomenon of“performance-based hearing”and“task completion hearing”,which deviated from the design purpose of the system.The specific manifestations are the lack of necessity for holding a hearing,the lack of procedural rights protection for the parties involved,and the limited function of the hearing officer.The internal assessment requirements of the procuratorial organs,the weakening of legal literacy requirements for the qualifications of hearing personnel,and the fixed selection of attending hearing personnel are the underlying factors.The feasible improvement measures are to adhere to the bottom line of the necessity of holding hearings and eliminate the phenomenon of“gathering numbers”for hearings;provide necessary rights and care to the parties involved,ensuring that they apply for a hearing and receive effective legal assistance;improve the selection and management standards of hearing officers,and enhance their ability to fulfill their duties and responsibilities;it is supplemented by supporting measures such as setting up“neutrality”hearing issues and“substantively”demonstration of evidence.
作者
崔玮
杨言军
Cui Wei;Yang Yanjun
出处
《中山大学法律评论》
2023年第1期275-300,共26页
Sun Yatsen University Law Review
基金
最高人民检察院检察理论研究一般课题“海洋检察监督机制研究”(项目编号GJ2021C04)
郑州大学人文社会科学优秀青年科研团队资助项目(项目编号2023-QNTD-04)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
检察听证
听证必要性
听证员选任
程序性权利保障
Prosecutorial Hearing
Necessity of Hearing
Appointment of Hearing Officers
Procedural Rights Protection
作者简介
崔玮,郑州大学法学院讲师,郑州大学检察公益诉讼研究院研究员,郑州大学中国司法案例研究中心研究员,研究领域为诉讼法、司法制度;杨言军,浙江省湖州市南浔区人民检察院党组书记、检察长,研究领域为诉讼法。
