摘要
针对南非某铬铁矿查明了矿物组成、赋存状态、粒度组成及单体解离度等工艺矿物学特性,对比分析了主要矿物的密度、莫氏硬度、比磁化率和磁性的工艺特性差异,进行"磁选预富集-重选再富集-浮选再选"组合工艺研究。结果表明:主要金属矿物铬铁矿大多分布在细粒级中,有效回收微细粒铬铁矿是提高总回收率的关键。通过试验确定组合工艺最佳工艺条件和结果为:在0.7 T背景场强下湿式强磁选,强磁选精矿经GL-600螺旋溜槽一粗一扫后获得Cr_(2)O_(3)品位为39.27%,回收率为48.51%的重选精矿;Cr_(2)O_(3)品位为21.73%的重选尾矿在组合抑制剂水玻璃和固定组合抑制剂(GED)用量1250+63 g·t^(-1)原矿,活化剂硫酸铜用量150 g·t^(-1)原矿,螯合捕收剂(GJS)用量900 g·t^(-1)原矿下进行常温浮选,获得Cr_(2)O_(3)40.89%,回收率33.61%的浮选精矿;两种精矿合计产率40.88%,回收率82.60%,Cr_(2)O_(3)平均品位为39.65%。该工艺指标先进,具有较好的工业应用前景,采用浮选强化回收细粒级铬铁矿实现了资源的高效利用。
Efficient recovery of fine-grained chromite ore was a worldwide beneficiation problem,and it was difficult to obtain better technical indicators using conventional beneficiation processes.With the development and application of selective new collectors and the industrialization of flotation columns and other equipment,foreign mines have adopted flotation to recover fine-grained chromite,which provided a new way for the efficient use of resources.Minerals composition,occurrence state,particle size composition and liberation degree for a chromite ore in South Africa were detected and beneficiation characteristics differences of main minerals such as density,Moh’s hardness,relative magnetic susceptibility and magnetism were analyzed.The results showed that the sample Cr_(2)O_(3)content was 19.71%,which belonged to low-grade aluminum-magnesium chromite ore or aluminum mafic chromite ore,the main impurity SiO;content was 30.91%;the main metal mineral was chromite ore,pulse stone minerals were mainly in the art of naughty stone and calcium;Cr existed in the form of independent minerals.Most of the presence of chromite in chromite ore,with a micro-quantity of toner,and chromium was mainly distributed in the fine-grained grade,and the effective recovery of fine-grained chromite ore was the key to improving the overall recovery.In addition,each of the particulate chromite ore was well-separated.There was no need to set milling operations in the test;the separation density of naughty sputum and chromite ore were small in water media.The reselection of difficulty was between medium and difficulty,and fine-grained naughty stone and chromite ore used reselection separation difficulties,and needed to be effectively separated by both floating differences.The nature and characteristics of integrated ore,the mineralization combination process was the inevitable path of the rational development and utilization of the chromite ore,and finally determined the"wet high intensity magnetic enrichment-reselection of coarse-grained chromite ore-flotation fine particulate ferrite"technology route.The optimal process conditions were determined by tests,the results showed that:The concentrate from wet high intensity magnetic separation(HIMS)rougher(1.0 T background field)were treated by spiral chute with one rougher and one scavenger steps,gravity concentrate assaying Cr_(2)O_(3)39.11%at 48.30%recovery was obtained,indicating that the spiral chute could effectively achieve the separation of coarse grain pulse and chromite ore,priority to recover some of the qualified chromite ore concentrate,and realized the principle that could be collected early.In addition,it was possible to know that the high intensity magnetic concentrate Cr_(2)O_(3)product was 28.71%,the recovery was 86.10%,the work enrichment was 1.46,indicating that the wet high intensity magnetic beneficiation had reached the pre-enrichment effect.The composition of the mineral particle size and metal distribution in chromite ore,indicating that the particle size of the ferrite was very fine,the main yield and Cr_(2)O_(3)were distributed below-0.037 mm,indicating that the spiral chute couldn‘t be effectively recovering-0.037 mm grain product.During the tailings of gravity flotation,the combination of starch,carboxymethylcellulose(CMC),organic bind,tannic acid,water glass,found that GED and water glass plain minerals had better selective inhibitory effects,both combination could further effectively suppress the pulse stone,and the concentrated mineral position increased from 33.82%to 35.30%in the case where the recovery was lost,and the combination was used to play a collaborative inhibition.After adding activator copper sulfate,the concentrate position had a small decline,but the recovery had a slight increase,rose from 85.68%to 91.64%,indicating that copper sulfate increased the floatability of chromite ore.With the increase of GJS of the composer,the recovery increased.When the amount of collector GJS dosage was 900 g·t^(-1),the concentrate recovery did not change,but the grade was significantly reduced.It showed that the collector should not be excessive because excessive collector could easily cause floating and reduce concentrate grade.The Cr_(2)O_(3)21.40%tailings of gravity were treated by flotation at room temperature(sodium silicate and GED dosage was 1250 g·t^(-1)+63 g·t^(-1),activator copper sulfate dosage was 150 g·t^(-1),collector GJS dosage was 900 g·t^(-1)),flotation concentrate assaying Cr_(2)O_(3)40.92%at 89.31%recovery were produced;in the optimal conditions of magnetic-heavy test and flotation test,combination process"magnetic selection pre-enrollment-re-enrichment-flotation and then select"test could be 39.64%of Cr_(2)O_(3)grade,40.88%yield,82.60%recovery,multi-element analysis showed that concentrate Cr_(2)O_(3)/FeO=2.94,the impurity SiO;content was 7.27%,which met the smelting standards.The test performance was advanced and had a good quality industrial application prospect.The use of flotation to strengthen the recovery of fine-grained chromite ore achieved efficient use of resources.
作者
李强
王成行
胡真
邹坚坚
Li Qiang;Wang Chenghang;Hu Zhen;Zou Jianjian(Institute of Resources Utilization and Rare Earth Development,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;State Key Laboratory of Rare Metals Separation and Comprehensive Utilization,Guangzhou 510650,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development&Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources,Guangzhou 510650,China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第11期1359-1367,共9页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划“固废资源化”重点专项(2019YFC1904202)
广东省科学院实施创新驱动发展能力建设专项资金项目(2017GDASCX-0301,2019GDASYL-0302010)资助
关键词
铬铁矿
微细粒
强磁选
浮选
捕收剂
chromite
fine particles
high intensity magnetic separation
flotation
collector
作者简介
李强(1985-),男,江西萍乡人,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向:稀贵金属矿产资源综合利用,E-mail:gzlkxlq@163.com;通讯作者:王成行,高级工程师,电话:13926074455,E-mail:wchhang@126.com
