摘要
对河蟹生态养殖经济效益的研究能够为促进河蟹养殖业更好的发展,本文基于对上海崇明三种河蟹生态养殖模式的调查数据,运用成本收益分析法对三种河蟹生态养殖模式的经济效益进行对比分析。结果显示:在经济效益上,虾蟹混养模式的净利润最高,鱼蟹混养次之,河蟹单养模式净利润最低;在成本构成上:可变成本占总成本的比例大于固定成本,其中饲料费占比最大,其他成本项目因模式不同有所差别,但三种模式中技术培训、品牌建设和疾病防治的成本投入占比均较小;在盈亏平衡和敏感性分析上,单养模式易受市场波动的影响,规避市场风险的能力小于两种混养模式。养殖户可以改变养殖模式来规避风险、提高养殖技术水平及管理水平以提高养殖效益。相关政府部门应加强对河蟹种苗质量的监管,加大技术投入,为养殖户收益的提高提供良好的制度和服务。
The research on the economic benefits of river crab ecological breeding can promote the better development of river crab breeding industry.Based on the survey data of three river crab eco-culture models in Chongming,Shanghai,the cost-benefit analysis method was used to compare the economic benefits of three river crab ecological breeding models.The results show that:in terms of economic benefits,the shrimp and crab polyculture model has the highest net profit,followed by fish and crab polyculture,and the river crab single-breed mode has the lowest net profit;in terms of cost composition;the ratio of variable cost to total cost is greater than the fixed cost.Among them,feed expenses accounted for the largest proportion,and other cost items were different due to different modes,but the cost of technical training,brand building and disease prevention in the thr ee models accounted for a small proportion;in the break-even and sensitivity analysis,the single maintenance model is vulnerable to market fluctuations,and the ability to avoid market risks is less than the two polyculture models.Farmers change the breeding,the level of technology and management level to improve the breeding efficiency.Relevant government departments should strengthen the supervision of the quality of crab seedlings and increase the technical input to provide a good system and services for the improvement of farmers’income.
作者
左大妮
黄赛斌
ZUO Da-ni;HUANG Sai-bin(College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 210306,China;Shanghai Chongming River Crab Industry Association,Shanghai 202150,China)
出处
《中国渔业经济》
2020年第1期105-110,21,共7页
Chinese Fisheries Economics
基金
上海市农委课题“上海中华绒螯蟹现代农业产业技术体系建设”(沪农科产字2019-4)资助.
关键词
河蟹
生态养殖
经济效益
盈亏平衡
敏感性分析
上海崇明
river crab
ecological breeding
economic benefit
breakeven balance
sensitivity analysis
Shanghai Chongming
作者简介
左大妮(1994-),在读硕士研究生,主要从事河蟹产业研究,E-mail:358562746@qq.com;黄赛斌(1974-),硕士,协会秘书长,主要从事河蟹产业研究。
