摘要
老年慢性病是对我国人口健康的重大挑战。传统健康评估体系主要依赖定期机构化检查,操作不便且无法实现持续监测。智能穿戴设备作为一种新兴的健康科技产品,可以提供更为便捷高效的健康监测服务。但是这类设备对健康水平的影响还缺乏充分的实证研究。本文利用全国代表性的大样本老年微观调查数据,通过双向固定效应模型首次评估智能手环对我国老年人健康的影响。结果显示:使用智能手环的老年人在自评健康、抑郁风险、社会适应能力和生活满意度等多个关键健康指标上均有显著改善,采用工具变量法和考察客观健康指标等稳健性检验均证实了因果关系的可靠性。机制分析表明智能手环会通过日常生活风险防范、健康监测筛查慢病、激发积极健康行为和加强社会支持与规范等途径发挥作用。异质性分析发现农村老年人和教育程度较低者可获得更大程度的健康效益,表明智能穿戴设备具有促进健康均等化的潜力。卫生费用分析表明智能手环可通过提高早期诊疗投入产生关键健康收益,并随时间推移遏制医疗费用增长和减轻护理依赖。智能手环展现出即时和持久的医疗经济效益。本文还发现智能手环的健康应用与国家医养结合政策之间存在正向协同效应,为政策提供了微观层面验证支持。本研究为智能手环等新兴智能穿戴设备在提升我国老年人健康水平的效果及机制提供了可靠的实证支撑,为推动智慧养老提供了科学依据。
Chronic disease prevention and control is a major challenge for China’s population health.Tradi⁃tional health assessment systems rely mainly on periodic institutionalized examinations,which are inconve⁃nient and cannot achieve continuous monitoring.Smart wearable devices,as a new type of health technology product,can provide more convenient and efficient health monitoring services.However,the impact of these devices on health outcomes is still lacking sufficient empirical research.This paper uses a nationally repre⁃sentative large-sample micro-survey data of the elderly to evaluate the impact of smart bracelets on the health of China’s elderly for the first time by using a two-way fixed effects model.The results show that the elderly who use smart bracelets have significant improvements in several key health indicators,such as self-rated health,depression risk,social adaptation ability,and life satisfaction.The robustness tests using instrumental variable method and examining objective health indicators confirm the reliability of the causal relationship.The mechanism analysis shows that smart bracelets can play a role through daily life risk prevention,health monitoring and screening for chronic diseases,stimulating positive health behaviors,and strengthening social support and norms.The heterogeneity analysis finds that rural elderly and those with lower education levels can obtain greater health benefits,indicating that smart wearable devices have the potential to promote health equity.The health expenditure analysis shows that smart bracelets can generate key health benefits by increasing early diagnosis and treatment inputs,and curb medical expenditure growth and reduce care dependence over time.Therefore,smart bracelets show immediate and lasting medi⁃cal economic benefits.In addition,this paper also finds that there is a positive synergistic effect between the health application of smart bracelets and the national medical care integration policy,providing support for the policy at the micro level.This study provides reliable empirical support for the effect and mechanism of smart bracelets and other emerging smart wearable devices on improving the health level of China’s elderly,and provides scientific basis for promoting smart aging.
作者
倪晨旭
汤佳
邵宝魁
王震
NI Chenxu;TANG Jia;SHAO Baokui;WANG Zhen(School of Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,102488,China;School of Sociology and Population Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing,100872,China;Wenlan School of Business,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan Hubei,430073,China;Institute of Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100836,China)
出处
《人口学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期50-67,共18页
Population Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目:现代化经济体系的系统结构、测度指标与建设政策研究(20ZDA043)
国家社会科学基金重点项目:积极应对人口老龄化视域下低龄老年人就业问题研究(21ARK004)。
关键词
智能穿戴
老年健康
智能手环
智慧养老
Smart Wearable
Elderly Health
Smart Bracelet
Smart Elderly Care
作者简介
倪晨旭(1998-),男,山东济南人,中国社会科学院大学经济学院博士研究生;汤佳(2000-),女,安徽蚌埠人,中国人民大学社会与人口学院博士研究生;邵宝魁(1999-),男,河北沧州人,中南财经政法大学文澜学院硕士研究生;王震(1977-),男,山东潍坊人,中国社会科学院经济研究所研究员。
