Background GOSSYM is a mechanistic,process-based cotton model that can simulate cotton crop growth and development,yield,and fiber quality.Its fiber quality module was developed based on controlled experiments explici...Background GOSSYM is a mechanistic,process-based cotton model that can simulate cotton crop growth and development,yield,and fiber quality.Its fiber quality module was developed based on controlled experiments explicitly conducted on the Texas Marker^(-1)(TM1)variety,potentially making its functional equations more aligned with this cultivar.To assess the model’s broader applicability,this study analyzed fiber quality data from 40 upland cotton cultivars,including TM1.The measured fiber quality from all cultivars was then compared with the modelsimulated fiber quality.Results Among the 40 upland cultivars,fiber strength varied from 28.4 cN·tex^(-1) to 34.6 cN·tex^(-1),fiber length ranged from 27.1 mm to 33.3 mm,micronaire value ranged from 2.7 to 4.6,and length uniformity index varied from 82.3%to 85.5%.The model simulated fiber quality closely matched the measured values for TM1,with the absolute percentage error(APE)being less than 0.92%for fiber strength,fiber length,and length uniformity index and 4.7%for micronaire.However,significant differences were observed for the other cultivars.The Pearson correlation coefficient(r)between the measured and simulated values was negative for all fiber quality traits,and Wilmotts’s index of agreement(WIA)was below 0.45,indicating a strong model bias toward TM1 without incorporating cultivar-specific parameters.After incorporating cultivar-specific parameters,the model’s performance improved significantly,with an average r-value of 0.84 and WIA of 0.88.Conclusions The adopted methodology and estimated cultivar-specific parameters improved the model’s simulation accuracy.This approach can be applied to newer cotton cultivars,enhancing the GOSSYM model’s utility and its applicability for agricultural management and policy decisions.展开更多
黄曲霉毒素是广泛存在于玉米中且具有剧毒的一种代谢产物，以美国农业部农业研究署（USDA-ARS） Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit提供的2010年先锋玉米为研究对象，验证了高光谱成像技术对玉米中黄曲霉毒素检测的可行性。以甲...黄曲霉毒素是广泛存在于玉米中且具有剧毒的一种代谢产物，以美国农业部农业研究署（USDA-ARS） Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit提供的2010年先锋玉米为研究对象，验证了高光谱成像技术对玉米中黄曲霉毒素检测的可行性。以甲醇为溶剂制备四种不同浓度的黄曲霉毒素溶液，并将其逐一滴在等量的4组共120粒玉米颗粒表面，以未处理的30粒洁净玉米作为一组对照样本，将大小、形状相似的150个样品随机分为训练集103个，验证集47个；对获取的400～1000 nm波段范围内的高光谱图像，先进行标准正态变量变换（standard normal variate transformation ，SNV）预处理，然后引入基于 Fisher判别最小误判率的方法选择最优波长，并以所选波长作为Fisher判别分析法的输入建立判别模型，对玉米颗粒表面不同浓度的黄曲霉毒素进行识别，最后对模型判别正确率进行了验证。结果表明，选取四个最优波长（812.42，873.00，900.36和965.00 nm ）时Fisher判别分析模型对训练集与验证集的准确率分别为87.4％和80.9％。该方法为含黄曲霉毒素玉米颗粒便携式检测仪器的开发，以及对田间霉变玉米自然代谢产生毒素的检测奠定了技术基础。展开更多
基金supported by United States Department of Agriculture,Agricultural Research Service(No.58-8042-9-072)United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture(No.2019-34263-30552)+1 种基金Management Information System(No.043050)United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement(No.58-6066-2-030).
文摘Background GOSSYM is a mechanistic,process-based cotton model that can simulate cotton crop growth and development,yield,and fiber quality.Its fiber quality module was developed based on controlled experiments explicitly conducted on the Texas Marker^(-1)(TM1)variety,potentially making its functional equations more aligned with this cultivar.To assess the model’s broader applicability,this study analyzed fiber quality data from 40 upland cotton cultivars,including TM1.The measured fiber quality from all cultivars was then compared with the modelsimulated fiber quality.Results Among the 40 upland cultivars,fiber strength varied from 28.4 cN·tex^(-1) to 34.6 cN·tex^(-1),fiber length ranged from 27.1 mm to 33.3 mm,micronaire value ranged from 2.7 to 4.6,and length uniformity index varied from 82.3%to 85.5%.The model simulated fiber quality closely matched the measured values for TM1,with the absolute percentage error(APE)being less than 0.92%for fiber strength,fiber length,and length uniformity index and 4.7%for micronaire.However,significant differences were observed for the other cultivars.The Pearson correlation coefficient(r)between the measured and simulated values was negative for all fiber quality traits,and Wilmotts’s index of agreement(WIA)was below 0.45,indicating a strong model bias toward TM1 without incorporating cultivar-specific parameters.After incorporating cultivar-specific parameters,the model’s performance improved significantly,with an average r-value of 0.84 and WIA of 0.88.Conclusions The adopted methodology and estimated cultivar-specific parameters improved the model’s simulation accuracy.This approach can be applied to newer cotton cultivars,enhancing the GOSSYM model’s utility and its applicability for agricultural management and policy decisions.
基金Supported by 863 Program of Chinese Science & Technology Ministry(2004AA2Z4120)and.by Scientific Research Foundation for Doctoral Discipline of Chinese Ministry(20040712018)
文摘结合中国现实国情,应用先进的单片机、G IS、GPS以及变量控制技术,设计了一种经济实用、先进的变量灌溉控制系统。系统设计采用AT 89C 51单片机作为系统微处理器,Jup iter GPS OEM二次开发作为GPS接收机,IC卡作为G IS数据传递媒体,并根据矢量法提出一种简单快速的田间定位和数据查询算法。灌溉机在田间工作时,系统可从GPS OEM得到位置信息,进行地块识别和位置判断;然后根据位置信息从IC卡的G IS信息中查询土壤属性数据或处方数据,结合机械行走速度、施水幅宽等进行运算,得出某一时刻的灌水量;最后向控制器发出指令,实现变量节水灌溉。田间和实验室模拟试验结果表明,自行研制的低成本GPS OEM接收机,可获得与A g GPS132相当的定位精度,控制系统能根据处方图的不同需水量,通过电磁阀驱动电路得到变化的输出,实现自动变量施水,系统也能根据需水量进行手动灌溉。
文摘黄曲霉毒素是广泛存在于玉米中且具有剧毒的一种代谢产物，以美国农业部农业研究署（USDA-ARS） Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit提供的2010年先锋玉米为研究对象，验证了高光谱成像技术对玉米中黄曲霉毒素检测的可行性。以甲醇为溶剂制备四种不同浓度的黄曲霉毒素溶液，并将其逐一滴在等量的4组共120粒玉米颗粒表面，以未处理的30粒洁净玉米作为一组对照样本，将大小、形状相似的150个样品随机分为训练集103个，验证集47个；对获取的400～1000 nm波段范围内的高光谱图像，先进行标准正态变量变换（standard normal variate transformation ，SNV）预处理，然后引入基于 Fisher判别最小误判率的方法选择最优波长，并以所选波长作为Fisher判别分析法的输入建立判别模型，对玉米颗粒表面不同浓度的黄曲霉毒素进行识别，最后对模型判别正确率进行了验证。结果表明，选取四个最优波长（812.42，873.00，900.36和965.00 nm ）时Fisher判别分析模型对训练集与验证集的准确率分别为87.4％和80.9％。该方法为含黄曲霉毒素玉米颗粒便携式检测仪器的开发，以及对田间霉变玉米自然代谢产生毒素的检测奠定了技术基础。
