The study aims to investigate the thermal comfort requirements in residential buildings and to establish an adaptive thermal comfort model in the cold zone of China.A year-long field study was conducted in residential...The study aims to investigate the thermal comfort requirements in residential buildings and to establish an adaptive thermal comfort model in the cold zone of China.A year-long field study was conducted in residential buildings in Xi’an,China.A total of 2069 valid questionnaires,along with indoor environmental parameters were obtained.The results indicated occupants’thermal comfort requirements varied with seasons.The neutral temperatures were 17.9,26.1(highest),25.2,and 17.4℃(lowest),and preferred temperatures were 23.2,25.6(highest),24.8,and 22.4℃(lowest),respectively for spring,summer,autumn,and winter.The neutral temperature and preferred temperature in autumn are close to the neutral temperature in summer,while the neutral temperature and preferred temperature in spring are close to that in winter.Besides,the 80%and 90%acceptable temperature ranges,adaptive thermal comfort models,and thermal comfort zones for each season were established.Human’s adaptability is related to his/her thermal experience of the current season and the previous season.Therefore,compared with the traditional year-round adaptive thermal comfort model,seasonal models can better reflect seasonal variations of human adaptation.This study provides fundamental knowledge of the thermal comfort demand for people in this region.展开更多
Accurate basic data are necessary to support performance-based design for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutral targets in the building sector.Meteorological parameters are the prerequisites of building thermal eng...Accurate basic data are necessary to support performance-based design for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutral targets in the building sector.Meteorological parameters are the prerequisites of building thermal engineering design,heating ventilation and air conditioning design,and energy consumption simulations.Focusing on the key issues such as low spatial coverage and the lack of daily or higher time resolution data,daily and hourly models of the surface meteorological data and solar radiation were established and evaluated.Surface meteorological data and solar radiation data were generated for 1019 cities and towns in China from 1988 to 2017.The data were carefully compared,and the accuracy was proved to be high.All the meteorological parameters can be assessed in the building sector via a sharing platform.Then,country-level meteorological parameters were developed for energy-efficient building assessment in China,based on actual meteorological data in the present study.This set of meteorological parameters may facilitate engineering applications as well as allowing the updating and expansion of relevant building energy efficiency standards.The study was supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period,named Fundamental parameters on building energy efficiency in China,comprising of 15 top-ranking universities and institutions in China.展开更多
Hypobaric hypoxia is the main environmental feature of the Tibetan plateau which would influence the efficiency of human metabolic heat production and the ability of thermal regulation.In order to understand the influ...Hypobaric hypoxia is the main environmental feature of the Tibetan plateau which would influence the efficiency of human metabolic heat production and the ability of thermal regulation.In order to understand the influence of the hypoxic environment on the plateau on the thermal comfort of short-term sojourners in Tibet,China,oxygen generators were used to create oxygen-enriched environments,and physiological and psychological reactions of subjects were compared under different oxygen partial pressures(p_(O_(2)))and air temperatures(t_(a)).The results showed that subjects’thermal sensation,thermal comfort and mean skin temperature decreased with a decrease in the oxygen partial pressure.When t_(a)=17℃,the influence of oxygen partial pressure was more pronounced,compared to p_(O_(2))=16.4 kPa,the thermal sensation of subjects under p_(O_(2))=13.7 kPa decreased by 33%.The rate of subjects feeling comfortable decreased by 25%,and the mean skin temperature decreased by 0.7℃.The hypoxic environment of the plateau exacerbates human discomfort.Therefore,it is necessary to fully understand the actual thermal requirements of sojourners in Tibet,China.The results of this study would have implications for a better understanding of thermal comfort characteristics in the hypoxia environment in plateau.展开更多
基金Project(51325803)supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of ChinaProject(2020M673489)supported by China Postdoctoral Science FoundationProject(2020-K-196)supported by the Science and Technology Project of Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development,China。
文摘The study aims to investigate the thermal comfort requirements in residential buildings and to establish an adaptive thermal comfort model in the cold zone of China.A year-long field study was conducted in residential buildings in Xi’an,China.A total of 2069 valid questionnaires,along with indoor environmental parameters were obtained.The results indicated occupants’thermal comfort requirements varied with seasons.The neutral temperatures were 17.9,26.1(highest),25.2,and 17.4℃(lowest),and preferred temperatures were 23.2,25.6(highest),24.8,and 22.4℃(lowest),respectively for spring,summer,autumn,and winter.The neutral temperature and preferred temperature in autumn are close to the neutral temperature in summer,while the neutral temperature and preferred temperature in spring are close to that in winter.Besides,the 80%and 90%acceptable temperature ranges,adaptive thermal comfort models,and thermal comfort zones for each season were established.Human’s adaptability is related to his/her thermal experience of the current season and the previous season.Therefore,compared with the traditional year-round adaptive thermal comfort model,seasonal models can better reflect seasonal variations of human adaptation.This study provides fundamental knowledge of the thermal comfort demand for people in this region.
基金Project(2018YFC0704500)supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period。
文摘Accurate basic data are necessary to support performance-based design for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutral targets in the building sector.Meteorological parameters are the prerequisites of building thermal engineering design,heating ventilation and air conditioning design,and energy consumption simulations.Focusing on the key issues such as low spatial coverage and the lack of daily or higher time resolution data,daily and hourly models of the surface meteorological data and solar radiation were established and evaluated.Surface meteorological data and solar radiation data were generated for 1019 cities and towns in China from 1988 to 2017.The data were carefully compared,and the accuracy was proved to be high.All the meteorological parameters can be assessed in the building sector via a sharing platform.Then,country-level meteorological parameters were developed for energy-efficient building assessment in China,based on actual meteorological data in the present study.This set of meteorological parameters may facilitate engineering applications as well as allowing the updating and expansion of relevant building energy efficiency standards.The study was supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period,named Fundamental parameters on building energy efficiency in China,comprising of 15 top-ranking universities and institutions in China.
基金Project(U20A20311)supported by the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(52008329)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2018BSHYDZZ14)supported by the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China。
文摘Hypobaric hypoxia is the main environmental feature of the Tibetan plateau which would influence the efficiency of human metabolic heat production and the ability of thermal regulation.In order to understand the influence of the hypoxic environment on the plateau on the thermal comfort of short-term sojourners in Tibet,China,oxygen generators were used to create oxygen-enriched environments,and physiological and psychological reactions of subjects were compared under different oxygen partial pressures(p_(O_(2)))and air temperatures(t_(a)).The results showed that subjects’thermal sensation,thermal comfort and mean skin temperature decreased with a decrease in the oxygen partial pressure.When t_(a)=17℃,the influence of oxygen partial pressure was more pronounced,compared to p_(O_(2))=16.4 kPa,the thermal sensation of subjects under p_(O_(2))=13.7 kPa decreased by 33%.The rate of subjects feeling comfortable decreased by 25%,and the mean skin temperature decreased by 0.7℃.The hypoxic environment of the plateau exacerbates human discomfort.Therefore,it is necessary to fully understand the actual thermal requirements of sojourners in Tibet,China.The results of this study would have implications for a better understanding of thermal comfort characteristics in the hypoxia environment in plateau.
