The Earth is buffered from the ferocious onslaught of the solar wind by a thin layer of matter known as the atmosphere and geospace.This layer absorbs energy from irradiance and outburst from the Sun,as well as from d...The Earth is buffered from the ferocious onslaught of the solar wind by a thin layer of matter known as the atmosphere and geospace.This layer absorbs energy from irradiance and outburst from the Sun,as well as from disasters,transient phenomena and anthropogenic emissions originated from Earth.Through complicated physics,the absorbed energy changes the atmospheric and geospace state and sometimes gets re-released to power extreme events such as space weather.Taking place globally,these complicated processes cannot be understood unless they are studied globally.The Chinese scientists have proposed the International Meridian Circle Program(IMCP)to meet this demand.By operating nearly 1000 instruments encompassing all latitudes along with the 120°E–60°W longitudes,IMCP aims,for the first time,to construct comprehensive 3D data representation of the atmosphere and geospace on a global scale and empower interdisciplinary research to tackle key questions related to Earth’s environment and climate change.展开更多
The emission of anomalous X-ray pulsars(AXPs)and soft gamma-ray repeaters(SGRs)is believed to be powered by the dissipation of their strong magnetic fields,which coined the name“magnetar”.By combining timing and ene...The emission of anomalous X-ray pulsars(AXPs)and soft gamma-ray repeaters(SGRs)is believed to be powered by the dissipation of their strong magnetic fields,which coined the name“magnetar”.By combining timing and energy observational results,the magnetar model can be easily appreciated.From a timing perspective,the magnetic field strengths of AXPs and SGRs,which are calculated under the assumption of dipole radiation,are extremely strong.From an energy perspective,the X-ray/soft gamma-ray luminosities of AXPs and SGRs are larger than their rotational energy loss rates(i.e.,L_(x>E_(rot)).It is thus reasonable to assume that the high-energy radiation comes from magnetic energy decay,and the magnetar model has been extensively discussed(or accepted).However,we argue that:(ⅰ)Calculating magnetic fields by assuming that rotational energy loss is dominated by dipole radiation(i.e.,E_(rot)■E_(μ))may be controversial,and we suggest that the energies carried by outflowing particles should also be considered.(ⅱ)The fact that X-ray luminosity is greater than the rotational energy loss rate does not necessarily mean that the emission energy comes from the magnetic field decaying,which requires further observational testing.Furthermore,some observational facts conflict with the“magnetar”model,such as observations of anti-magnetars,high magnetic field pulsars,and radio and X-ray observations of AXPs/SGRs.Therefore,we propose a crusted strange star model as an alternative,which can explain many more observational facts of AXPs/SGRs.展开更多
The magnetic fields and dynamical processes in the solar polar regions play a crucial role in the solar magnetic cycle and in supplying mass and energy to the fast solar wind,ultimately being vital in controlling sola...The magnetic fields and dynamical processes in the solar polar regions play a crucial role in the solar magnetic cycle and in supplying mass and energy to the fast solar wind,ultimately being vital in controlling solar activities and driving space weather.Despite numerous efforts to explore these regions,to date no imaging observations of the Sun's poles have been achieved from vantage points out of the ecliptic plane,leaving their behavior and evolution poorly understood.This observation gap has left three top-level scientific questions unanswered:How does the solar dynamo work and drive the solar magnetic cycle?What drives the fast solar wind?How do space weather processes globally originate from the Sun and propagate throughout the solar system?The Solar Polarorbit Observatory(SPO)mission,a solar polar exploration spacecraft,is proposed to address these three unanswered scientific questions by imaging the Sun's poles from high heliolatitudes.In order to achieve its scientific goals,SPO will carry six remote-sensing and four in-situ instruments to measure the vector magnetic fields and Doppler velocity fields in the photosphere,to observe the Sun in the extreme ultraviolet,X-ray,and radio wavelengths,to image the corona and the heliosphere up to 45 R_(s),and to perform in-situ detection of magnetic fields,and low-and high-energy particles in the solar wind.The SPO mission is capable of providing critical vector magnetic fields and Doppler velocities of the polar regions to advance our understanding of the origin of the solar magnetic cycle,providing unprecedented imaging observations of the solar poles alongside in-situ measurements of charged particles and magnetic fields from high heliolatitudes to unveil the mass and energy supply that drive the fast solar wind,and providing observational constraints for improving our ability to model and predict the three-dimensional(3D)structures and propagation of space weather events.展开更多
Chang'E-1 is the first lunar mission in China,which was successfully launched on Oct.24th,2007.It was guided to crash on the Moon on March 1,2009,at 52.36°E,1.50°S,in the north of Mare Fecunditatis.The t...Chang'E-1 is the first lunar mission in China,which was successfully launched on Oct.24th,2007.It was guided to crash on the Moon on March 1,2009,at 52.36°E,1.50°S,in the north of Mare Fecunditatis.The total mission lasted 495 days,exceeding the designed life-span about four months.1.37Terabytes raw data was received from Chang'E-1.It was then processed into 4Terabytes science data at different levels.A series of science results have been achieved by analyzing and applicating these data,especially "global image of the Moon of China's first lunar exploration mission".Four scientific goals of Chang'E-1 have been achieved.It provides abundant materials for the research of lunar sciences and cosmochemistry.Meanwhile these results will serve for China's future lunar missions.展开更多
In 2008 to 2010,the main activities in Chinese space astronomy were focused on:fulfilling the long-term plan of Chinese space astronomy;initiating the long-term plan of Chinese space astronomy;undertaking some astrono...In 2008 to 2010,the main activities in Chinese space astronomy were focused on:fulfilling the long-term plan of Chinese space astronomy;initiating the long-term plan of Chinese space astronomy;undertaking some astronomical missions set by CNSA in "Development Program of Space Science for 2006-2010".This paper summarizes in brief all these activities.展开更多
More and more proposals, or potential projects have been proposed in recent two years. We try to briefly outline these new proposals, although most of them are in fact only in their conception studies. The progress of...More and more proposals, or potential projects have been proposed in recent two years. We try to briefly outline these new proposals, although most of them are in fact only in their conception studies. The progress of previously mentioned projects, like Space Solar Telescope (SST), the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT), as well as newly initiated LUnar Resource Explorer (LUREX), will be introduced elsewhere.展开更多
Focusing on the key scientific questions of deep space exploration which include the origin and evolution of the solar system and its planets, disastrous impact on the Earth by the solar activities and small bodies, e...Focusing on the key scientific questions of deep space exploration which include the origin and evolution of the solar system and its planets, disastrous impact on the Earth by the solar activities and small bodies, extraterrestrial life, this paper put forward a propose about the roadmap and scientific objectives of China's Deep-space Exploration before 2030.展开更多
In this paper, we introduce some process of the project of Space Solar Telescope in recent two years. The astronomic requirements have been further identified,the mission and operation requirements have been assessed,...In this paper, we introduce some process of the project of Space Solar Telescope in recent two years. The astronomic requirements have been further identified,the mission and operation requirements have been assessed, and some critical technologies have been performed. According to the time schedule, it is esti mated that the engineering model of the spacecraft would be completed and put into test operation in the end of 2004 and the spacecraft would be launched in about 2007.展开更多
The progress on Chinese Space Solar Telescope (SST) in 2004-2006 is introduced. The scientific objectives are further clarified and the ground operation system has been planned. The 7 key technical problems of SST sat...The progress on Chinese Space Solar Telescope (SST) in 2004-2006 is introduced. The scientific objectives are further clarified and the ground operation system has been planned. The 7 key technical problems of SST satellite platform and payloads have been tackled, which lay solid scientific and technological foundations for engineering prototype phase of the SST project. At present the SST project undergoes evaluation by CNSA and CAS so as to enter the engineering prototype phase of the SST project if it is finally approved.展开更多
Time-domain astrophysics will enter a golden era towards the end of this decade with the advent of major facilities across the electromagnetic spectrum and in the multi-messenger realms of gravitational wave and neutr...Time-domain astrophysics will enter a golden era towards the end of this decade with the advent of major facilities across the electromagnetic spectrum and in the multi-messenger realms of gravitational wave and neutrino.In the soft X-ray regime,the novel micro-pore lobster-eye optics provides a promising technology to realise,for the first time,focusing X-ray optics for wide-angle monitors to achieve a good combination of sensitivity and wide field of view.In this context Einstein Probe,a soft X-ray all-sky monitor mission,was proposed and selected as a candidate mission of priority in the space science programme of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.This paper reviews the most important science developments and key questions in this field towards 2020 and beyond,and how to achieve them technologically.It also introduces the Einstein Probe mission,including its key science goals and mission definition,as well as some of the key technological issues.展开更多
In the first part of this paper,we describe briefly the mid and long-term plan of Chinese space astronomy,its preliminary study program,the current status of satellite missions undertaken, and the current status of as...In the first part of this paper,we describe briefly the mid and long-term plan of Chinese space astronomy,its preliminary study program,the current status of satellite missions undertaken, and the current status of astronomy experiments in China's manned space flight program.In the second part,the recent research progress made in the fields of solar physics is summarized briefly, including solar vector magnetic field,solar flares,CME and filaments,solar radio and nonthermal processes,EUV waves,MHD waves and coronal waves,solar model and helioseismology,solar wind and behavior of solar cycle.展开更多
The Solar Polar ORbit Telescope(SPORT) project for space weather mission has been under intensive scientific and engineering background studies since it was incorporated into the Chinese Space Science Strategic Pionee...The Solar Polar ORbit Telescope(SPORT) project for space weather mission has been under intensive scientific and engineering background studies since it was incorporated into the Chinese Space Science Strategic Pioneer Project in 2011.SPORT is designed to carry a suite of remote-sensing and in-situ instruments to observe Coronal Mass Ejections(CMEs),energetic particles,solar high-latitude magnetism,and the fast solar wind from a polar orbit around the Sun.The first extended view of the polar regions of the Sun and the ecliptic enabled by SPORT will provide a unique opportunity to study CME propagation through the inner heliosphere,and the solar high-latitude magnetism giving rise to eruptions and the fast solar wind.Coordinated observations between SPORT and other spaceborne/ground-based facilities within the International Living With a Star(ILWS) framework can significantly enhance scientific output.SPORT is now competing for official selection and implementation during China's 13 th Five-Year Plan period of 2016-2020.展开更多
The rapid increase of space debris population has posed serious threaten to the safety of human space activities and became a global issue.How to enhance the technical capabilities of space debris threat coping abilit...The rapid increase of space debris population has posed serious threaten to the safety of human space activities and became a global issue.How to enhance the technical capabilities of space debris threat coping ability is of great significance to the sustainable development of space activities,the further development,and utilization of outer space.In this paper,we describe space debris research progress of China on observation,collision avoidance,protection,mitigation,regulation,and standard during the last twenty years,and look forward to the future development direction of space debris.展开更多
More than 50 years of space exploration has not only satisfied human curiosity and built up international cooperation,but also improved life on Earth.Space exploration is an open-ended process which started 50 years a...More than 50 years of space exploration has not only satisfied human curiosity and built up international cooperation,but also improved life on Earth.Space exploration is an open-ended process which started 50 years ago.It enables access to unknown terrains with robots and humans,thereby opening new frontiers.Progress of goal deep space exploration was reviewed.China's current deep space missions are also briefly introduced.Focused on the vision and voyages for China's deep space exploration in 5 or 10 years.Like the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program(CLEP),we embark on a journey to Mars.We will spend few decades on Mars with the robotic explorers.Unlike CLEP,scientists proposed to build Moon research station by 2030.展开更多
Chang'E-1, the first lunar mission in China, was successfully launched on October 24,2007, which opened the prelude of China's Lunar Exploration Program. Later on, the Chang'E-2 and Chang'E-3 satellite...Chang'E-1, the first lunar mission in China, was successfully launched on October 24,2007, which opened the prelude of China's Lunar Exploration Program. Later on, the Chang'E-2 and Chang'E-3 satellites were successfully launched in 2010 and 2013, respectively. In order to achieve the science objectives, various payloads boarded the spacecraft. The scientific data from these instruments were received by Beijing and Kunming ground stations simultaneously. Up to now, about 5.628 Terabytes of raw data were received totally. A series of research results has been achieved. This paper presents a brief introduction to the main scientific results and latest progress from Chang'E-3 mission.展开更多
Over the past two years, significant progress in space chemistry has been made in China. The research fields include meteorites, pre-solar materials, science researches of the moon, effects of the space debris on spac...Over the past two years, significant progress in space chemistry has been made in China. The research fields include meteorites, pre-solar materials, science researches of the moon, effects of the space debris on space environment, and heterogeneity of the Earth. Chinese Lunar Exploration Project Some studies are also dedicated to one important space mission "Chinese Lunar Exploration Project". In this paper, the main achievements are outlined, and some concepts and hypotheses are briefly revised.展开更多
SVOM is a mission dedicated for studying γ-Ray Bursts, and will also be a powerful target-ofopportunity observatory for the whole astronomy community. The mission has been approved jointly by both Chinese and French ...SVOM is a mission dedicated for studying γ-Ray Bursts, and will also be a powerful target-ofopportunity observatory for the whole astronomy community. The mission has been approved jointly by both Chinese and French space agencies. It is planned to be in the orbit in 2021 with an altitude ≤600 km and an inclination ≤30°.展开更多
Two groups of microwave type U and Reverse-Slope(RS)bursts after the Soft X-Ray(SXR)maximum were observed with the 2.6~3.8GHz spectrometer of Chinese Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometers(SBRS/Huairou)on 15 February 201...Two groups of microwave type U and Reverse-Slope(RS)bursts after the Soft X-Ray(SXR)maximum were observed with the 2.6~3.8GHz spectrometer of Chinese Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometers(SBRS/Huairou)on 15 February 2011,when an X2.2 solar flare occurred in the Active Region(AR)NOAA 11158.A Shear-driven Quadrupolar Reconnection(SQR)model was utilized to analyze these bursts and the two loops involved were found to be basically in the same spatial scale and have a height difference of about 1300 km.These bursts were interpreted to be a result of a new reconnection process between the two similar-scaled loops.展开更多
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z181100002918001)。
文摘The Earth is buffered from the ferocious onslaught of the solar wind by a thin layer of matter known as the atmosphere and geospace.This layer absorbs energy from irradiance and outburst from the Sun,as well as from disasters,transient phenomena and anthropogenic emissions originated from Earth.Through complicated physics,the absorbed energy changes the atmospheric and geospace state and sometimes gets re-released to power extreme events such as space weather.Taking place globally,these complicated processes cannot be understood unless they are studied globally.The Chinese scientists have proposed the International Meridian Circle Program(IMCP)to meet this demand.By operating nearly 1000 instruments encompassing all latitudes along with the 120°E–60°W longitudes,IMCP aims,for the first time,to construct comprehensive 3D data representation of the atmosphere and geospace on a global scale and empower interdisciplinary research to tackle key questions related to Earth’s environment and climate change.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12273008,12025303,12403046)the National SKA Program of China(2022SKA0130104)+3 种基金the Natural Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(QiankehejichuMS[2025]266,[2023]024,ZK[2022]304)the Foundation of Guizhou Provincial Education Department(KY(2020)003)the Academic New Seedling Fund Project of Guizhou Normal University([2022]B18)the Major Science and Technology Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A03013-4).
文摘The emission of anomalous X-ray pulsars(AXPs)and soft gamma-ray repeaters(SGRs)is believed to be powered by the dissipation of their strong magnetic fields,which coined the name“magnetar”.By combining timing and energy observational results,the magnetar model can be easily appreciated.From a timing perspective,the magnetic field strengths of AXPs and SGRs,which are calculated under the assumption of dipole radiation,are extremely strong.From an energy perspective,the X-ray/soft gamma-ray luminosities of AXPs and SGRs are larger than their rotational energy loss rates(i.e.,L_(x>E_(rot)).It is thus reasonable to assume that the high-energy radiation comes from magnetic energy decay,and the magnetar model has been extensively discussed(or accepted).However,we argue that:(ⅰ)Calculating magnetic fields by assuming that rotational energy loss is dominated by dipole radiation(i.e.,E_(rot)■E_(μ))may be controversial,and we suggest that the energies carried by outflowing particles should also be considered.(ⅱ)The fact that X-ray luminosity is greater than the rotational energy loss rate does not necessarily mean that the emission energy comes from the magnetic field decaying,which requires further observational testing.Furthermore,some observational facts conflict with the“magnetar”model,such as observations of anti-magnetars,high magnetic field pulsars,and radio and X-ray observations of AXPs/SGRs.Therefore,we propose a crusted strange star model as an alternative,which can explain many more observational facts of AXPs/SGRs.
文摘The magnetic fields and dynamical processes in the solar polar regions play a crucial role in the solar magnetic cycle and in supplying mass and energy to the fast solar wind,ultimately being vital in controlling solar activities and driving space weather.Despite numerous efforts to explore these regions,to date no imaging observations of the Sun's poles have been achieved from vantage points out of the ecliptic plane,leaving their behavior and evolution poorly understood.This observation gap has left three top-level scientific questions unanswered:How does the solar dynamo work and drive the solar magnetic cycle?What drives the fast solar wind?How do space weather processes globally originate from the Sun and propagate throughout the solar system?The Solar Polarorbit Observatory(SPO)mission,a solar polar exploration spacecraft,is proposed to address these three unanswered scientific questions by imaging the Sun's poles from high heliolatitudes.In order to achieve its scientific goals,SPO will carry six remote-sensing and four in-situ instruments to measure the vector magnetic fields and Doppler velocity fields in the photosphere,to observe the Sun in the extreme ultraviolet,X-ray,and radio wavelengths,to image the corona and the heliosphere up to 45 R_(s),and to perform in-situ detection of magnetic fields,and low-and high-energy particles in the solar wind.The SPO mission is capable of providing critical vector magnetic fields and Doppler velocities of the polar regions to advance our understanding of the origin of the solar magnetic cycle,providing unprecedented imaging observations of the solar poles alongside in-situ measurements of charged particles and magnetic fields from high heliolatitudes to unveil the mass and energy supply that drive the fast solar wind,and providing observational constraints for improving our ability to model and predict the three-dimensional(3D)structures and propagation of space weather events.
文摘Chang'E-1 is the first lunar mission in China,which was successfully launched on Oct.24th,2007.It was guided to crash on the Moon on March 1,2009,at 52.36°E,1.50°S,in the north of Mare Fecunditatis.The total mission lasted 495 days,exceeding the designed life-span about four months.1.37Terabytes raw data was received from Chang'E-1.It was then processed into 4Terabytes science data at different levels.A series of science results have been achieved by analyzing and applicating these data,especially "global image of the Moon of China's first lunar exploration mission".Four scientific goals of Chang'E-1 have been achieved.It provides abundant materials for the research of lunar sciences and cosmochemistry.Meanwhile these results will serve for China's future lunar missions.
文摘In 2008 to 2010,the main activities in Chinese space astronomy were focused on:fulfilling the long-term plan of Chinese space astronomy;initiating the long-term plan of Chinese space astronomy;undertaking some astronomical missions set by CNSA in "Development Program of Space Science for 2006-2010".This paper summarizes in brief all these activities.
文摘More and more proposals, or potential projects have been proposed in recent two years. We try to briefly outline these new proposals, although most of them are in fact only in their conception studies. The progress of previously mentioned projects, like Space Solar Telescope (SST), the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT), as well as newly initiated LUnar Resource Explorer (LUREX), will be introduced elsewhere.
文摘Focusing on the key scientific questions of deep space exploration which include the origin and evolution of the solar system and its planets, disastrous impact on the Earth by the solar activities and small bodies, extraterrestrial life, this paper put forward a propose about the roadmap and scientific objectives of China's Deep-space Exploration before 2030.
文摘In this paper, we introduce some process of the project of Space Solar Telescope in recent two years. The astronomic requirements have been further identified,the mission and operation requirements have been assessed, and some critical technologies have been performed. According to the time schedule, it is esti mated that the engineering model of the spacecraft would be completed and put into test operation in the end of 2004 and the spacecraft would be launched in about 2007.
文摘The progress on Chinese Space Solar Telescope (SST) in 2004-2006 is introduced. The scientific objectives are further clarified and the ground operation system has been planned. The 7 key technical problems of SST satellite platform and payloads have been tackled, which lay solid scientific and technological foundations for engineering prototype phase of the SST project. At present the SST project undergoes evaluation by CNSA and CAS so as to enter the engineering prototype phase of the SST project if it is finally approved.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Programme on Space Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA04061100)
文摘Time-domain astrophysics will enter a golden era towards the end of this decade with the advent of major facilities across the electromagnetic spectrum and in the multi-messenger realms of gravitational wave and neutrino.In the soft X-ray regime,the novel micro-pore lobster-eye optics provides a promising technology to realise,for the first time,focusing X-ray optics for wide-angle monitors to achieve a good combination of sensitivity and wide field of view.In this context Einstein Probe,a soft X-ray all-sky monitor mission,was proposed and selected as a candidate mission of priority in the space science programme of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.This paper reviews the most important science developments and key questions in this field towards 2020 and beyond,and how to achieve them technologically.It also introduces the Einstein Probe mission,including its key science goals and mission definition,as well as some of the key technological issues.
文摘In the first part of this paper,we describe briefly the mid and long-term plan of Chinese space astronomy,its preliminary study program,the current status of satellite missions undertaken, and the current status of astronomy experiments in China's manned space flight program.In the second part,the recent research progress made in the fields of solar physics is summarized briefly, including solar vector magnetic field,solar flares,CME and filaments,solar radio and nonthermal processes,EUV waves,MHD waves and coronal waves,solar model and helioseismology,solar wind and behavior of solar cycle.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science(XDA04060801,XDA04060802,XDA04060803,XDA04060804)of Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratory of China+1 种基金the Chinese National Science Foundation(41374175,41204129)the CAS/SAFEA international Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams
文摘The Solar Polar ORbit Telescope(SPORT) project for space weather mission has been under intensive scientific and engineering background studies since it was incorporated into the Chinese Space Science Strategic Pioneer Project in 2011.SPORT is designed to carry a suite of remote-sensing and in-situ instruments to observe Coronal Mass Ejections(CMEs),energetic particles,solar high-latitude magnetism,and the fast solar wind from a polar orbit around the Sun.The first extended view of the polar regions of the Sun and the ecliptic enabled by SPORT will provide a unique opportunity to study CME propagation through the inner heliosphere,and the solar high-latitude magnetism giving rise to eruptions and the fast solar wind.Coordinated observations between SPORT and other spaceborne/ground-based facilities within the International Living With a Star(ILWS) framework can significantly enhance scientific output.SPORT is now competing for official selection and implementation during China's 13 th Five-Year Plan period of 2016-2020.
文摘The rapid increase of space debris population has posed serious threaten to the safety of human space activities and became a global issue.How to enhance the technical capabilities of space debris threat coping ability is of great significance to the sustainable development of space activities,the further development,and utilization of outer space.In this paper,we describe space debris research progress of China on observation,collision avoidance,protection,mitigation,regulation,and standard during the last twenty years,and look forward to the future development direction of space debris.
基金Supported by the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41590851)
文摘More than 50 years of space exploration has not only satisfied human curiosity and built up international cooperation,but also improved life on Earth.Space exploration is an open-ended process which started 50 years ago.It enables access to unknown terrains with robots and humans,thereby opening new frontiers.Progress of goal deep space exploration was reviewed.China's current deep space missions are also briefly introduced.Focused on the vision and voyages for China's deep space exploration in 5 or 10 years.Like the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program(CLEP),we embark on a journey to Mars.We will spend few decades on Mars with the robotic explorers.Unlike CLEP,scientists proposed to build Moon research station by 2030.
基金Supported by the NSFC under Grant(41073053)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesunder Grant(KGZD-EW-603)
文摘Chang'E-1, the first lunar mission in China, was successfully launched on October 24,2007, which opened the prelude of China's Lunar Exploration Program. Later on, the Chang'E-2 and Chang'E-3 satellites were successfully launched in 2010 and 2013, respectively. In order to achieve the science objectives, various payloads boarded the spacecraft. The scientific data from these instruments were received by Beijing and Kunming ground stations simultaneously. Up to now, about 5.628 Terabytes of raw data were received totally. A series of research results has been achieved. This paper presents a brief introduction to the main scientific results and latest progress from Chang'E-3 mission.
文摘Over the past two years, significant progress in space chemistry has been made in China. The research fields include meteorites, pre-solar materials, science researches of the moon, effects of the space debris on space environment, and heterogeneity of the Earth. Chinese Lunar Exploration Project Some studies are also dedicated to one important space mission "Chinese Lunar Exploration Project". In this paper, the main achievements are outlined, and some concepts and hypotheses are briefly revised.
文摘SVOM is a mission dedicated for studying γ-Ray Bursts, and will also be a powerful target-ofopportunity observatory for the whole astronomy community. The mission has been approved jointly by both Chinese and French space agencies. It is planned to be in the orbit in 2021 with an altitude ≤600 km and an inclination ≤30°.
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2011CB811401)the National Major Scientific Equipment Research and Development Project(ZDYZ2009-3)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11211120147,11221063,11273030,11103044,11103039,11373039)
文摘Two groups of microwave type U and Reverse-Slope(RS)bursts after the Soft X-Ray(SXR)maximum were observed with the 2.6~3.8GHz spectrometer of Chinese Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometers(SBRS/Huairou)on 15 February 2011,when an X2.2 solar flare occurred in the Active Region(AR)NOAA 11158.A Shear-driven Quadrupolar Reconnection(SQR)model was utilized to analyze these bursts and the two loops involved were found to be basically in the same spatial scale and have a height difference of about 1300 km.These bursts were interpreted to be a result of a new reconnection process between the two similar-scaled loops.
