The nitrate nitrogen removal efficiency of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis system was discussed in treating pharmaceutical wastewater with high nitrogen and refractory organic concentration. The results show that the g...The nitrate nitrogen removal efficiency of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis system was discussed in treating pharmaceutical wastewater with high nitrogen and refractory organic concentration. The results show that the granularity of fillings,pH,volume ratios of iron-carbon and gas-water,and HRT. have significant effects on the nitrogen removal efficiency of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis system. The iron-carbon micro-electrolysis system has a good removal efficiency of pharmaceutical wastewater with high nitrogen and refractory organic concentration when the influent TN,NH4+-N,NO3--N and BOD5/CODCr are 823 mg/L,30 mg/L,793 mg/L and 0.1,respectively,at the granularity of iron and carbon 0.425 mm,pH 3,iron-carbon ratio 3,gas-water ratio 5,HRT 1.5 h,and the removal rates of TN,NH4+-N and NO3--N achieve 51.5%,70% and 50.94%,respectively.展开更多
On the basis of practical projects in Chongqing,the thermal performance of heat exchangers (single U-tube type and double U-tube type) of the ground-source heat pump (GSHP) system in the hot summer was obtained and an...On the basis of practical projects in Chongqing,the thermal performance of heat exchangers (single U-tube type and double U-tube type) of the ground-source heat pump (GSHP) system in the hot summer was obtained and analyzed. The data obtained from test could match with the result deduced from theoretical calculation. From the test results,the cooling capacity of double U-tube is 1.6 times that of single U-tube. Taking cost per depth per watt Clq as the evaluation standard,Clq of single U-tube is 4.69 RMB$/W,and Clq of double U-tube is 3.14 RMB$/W. The double U-tube heat exchangers usage should be prioritized.展开更多
Good indoor environmental quality enhances occupant health,comfort and productivity. In order to know the status of indoor environmental quality of underground shopping malls,five large underground shopping malls in f...Good indoor environmental quality enhances occupant health,comfort and productivity. In order to know the status of indoor environmental quality of underground shopping malls,five large underground shopping malls in five central districts of Chongqing,China,were surveyed. 2 411 questionnaires were distributed,and 98.5% of them were returned. From the results of questionnaire survey,the following conclusions were obtained:(1) in the five underground shopping malls surveyed,only shopping mall D in Nan'an district accords with the ASHRAE standard for good indoor air quality; (2) odors and sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms are widespread in the underground shopping malls. The SBS occurrence rates for women and salespersons are higher than those of men and customers,respectively; (3) in the evaluation of the indoor environment,the indoor air quality dissatisfaction rate is the highest,followed by the thermal environment; and (4) women and salespersons generally have higher rates of dissatisfaction with the indoor environmental quality of underground shopping malls than men and customers,respectively.展开更多
Three strains of aerobic denitrifiers,named as AT3,AT6 and AT7,were isolated from concentric-circles reactor with diversion wall possessing simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) effect of 69%. The three...Three strains of aerobic denitrifiers,named as AT3,AT6 and AT7,were isolated from concentric-circles reactor with diversion wall possessing simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) effect of 69%. The three strains are all gram-positive and rod-shaped,and their colonial colors are pale yellow,milk white and pink,respectively. Combined with 16SrDNA sequence homology comparison and biochemical tests,AT3 and AT7 were identified to belong to Rhodococcus,and AT6 to Gordonia. These bacterial strains could grow well in the medium with potassium nitrate as nitrogen source and sodium citrate as carbon source. Based on the enhanced nitrogen removal experiments of selected bacteria mixture for activated sludge,the inoculum amount of 5% was supposed to be proper. The mixed biomass suspension of selected strains with PVA immobilization was put into the concentric-circles reactor in order to study the characteristics of enhanced nitrogen removal after amplifying cultivation with inoculated amount of 5%. The experimental results show that the average removal efficiencies of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total nitrogen (TN) in the reactor enhanced with aerobic denitrifying bacteria using PVA are 92.18% and 79.14% respectively,increasing by 5.29% and 7.83% respectively compared with removal effects of control group without strains enhancement.展开更多
The superior drainage was pre-treated by biologic contact oxidation on BOD5 load of 0.72 kg/(m3·d),and then post-treated by constructed wetland. The results about the effect on the constructed wetland post-treatm...The superior drainage was pre-treated by biologic contact oxidation on BOD5 load of 0.72 kg/(m3·d),and then post-treated by constructed wetland. The results about the effect on the constructed wetland post-treatment show that the total nitrogen (TN) is the restrictive index of the combinational technique treatment effect. To meet the reclaimed water quality standard and reuse for waterscape,the peak hydraulic load of constructed wetland is 0.50 m/d in summer (30-36 ℃) and 0.33 m/d in winter (8-12℃),and the load ratio of the peak hydraulic under the two temperature conditions is 3-2. The results are combined of reclaimed water quantity requirements in different seasons of green building. Reasonable scale of the reclaimed water treatment systems can be determined. The treatment efficacy can be well predicted,and both the design and operations can be effectively guided,by which the reclaimed water treatment systems regard superior drainage as the source and are purified by combinational technique of contact oxidation and artificial wetland.展开更多
Prolonged sludge age sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) without sludge discharge appears high performance phosphorus removal in treating saline and high-phosphorus wastewater,which cannot be explained by traditio...Prolonged sludge age sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) without sludge discharge appears high performance phosphorus removal in treating saline and high-phosphorus wastewater,which cannot be explained by traditional biological dephosphorization theory. The new path and mechanism of phosphorus removal was discussed on the phosphorus balance of phosphorus removal system without sludge discharge. Phosphorus balance in sludge was studied on 26 running cycles of the phosphorus reduction system. The results show that there is only 0.12 mg/g poly-P in sludge at the end of each reaction period,not phosphorus uptake by polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs). It is found that 41.8 mg/L of external phosphorus gets lost per day averagely,and 155 mg of internal phosphorus in sludge gets lost. The matrix bound phosphine in sludge achieves 36.04 mg/kg measured by alkaline digestion,and there is 18.44 mg/kg in +1 valence state,a intermediate,in sludge. This implies that the phosphorus removal system of prolonged sludge age SBBR without sludge discharge is a phosphate reduction,and the path of dephosphorization is phosphate→hypophosphite→phosphine.展开更多
The efficacy of superior drainage in green building treated by combinational technique of coagulation sedimentation and constructed wetland was launched. The results show that the regression equation relating to efflu...The efficacy of superior drainage in green building treated by combinational technique of coagulation sedimentation and constructed wetland was launched. The results show that the regression equation relating to effluent BOD5,cubage load (Nv),temperature (t) and addition dosage (ρ) is BOD5=2.05Nv-0.41t-0.82ρ+38.9. The orthogonal experiment results of constructed wetland post-treatment show that the regression equation relating to effluent BOD5,cubage load (NA),and temperature (t) is BOD5=1 190NA-0.32t+12.2. Based on the two orthogonal regression equations,combined of green building municipal gray reclaimed water quantity requirements in different seasons,a technology investment on economic optimization model of combinational technique was established. The results offer technological support for reclaimed water treatment,which regards superior drainage as the source and is purified by combinational technique of coagulation sedimentation and constructed wetland. According to the model,the reasonable scale of reclaimed water treatment systems can be determined,the treatment efficacy can be well predicted,and both the design and operating can be effectively guided.展开更多
基金Project(2009ZX07315-005) supported by the National Water Pollution Controlled and Treatment Great Special of China
文摘The nitrate nitrogen removal efficiency of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis system was discussed in treating pharmaceutical wastewater with high nitrogen and refractory organic concentration. The results show that the granularity of fillings,pH,volume ratios of iron-carbon and gas-water,and HRT. have significant effects on the nitrogen removal efficiency of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis system. The iron-carbon micro-electrolysis system has a good removal efficiency of pharmaceutical wastewater with high nitrogen and refractory organic concentration when the influent TN,NH4+-N,NO3--N and BOD5/CODCr are 823 mg/L,30 mg/L,793 mg/L and 0.1,respectively,at the granularity of iron and carbon 0.425 mm,pH 3,iron-carbon ratio 3,gas-water ratio 5,HRT 1.5 h,and the removal rates of TN,NH4+-N and NO3--N achieve 51.5%,70% and 50.94%,respectively.
文摘On the basis of practical projects in Chongqing,the thermal performance of heat exchangers (single U-tube type and double U-tube type) of the ground-source heat pump (GSHP) system in the hot summer was obtained and analyzed. The data obtained from test could match with the result deduced from theoretical calculation. From the test results,the cooling capacity of double U-tube is 1.6 times that of single U-tube. Taking cost per depth per watt Clq as the evaluation standard,Clq of single U-tube is 4.69 RMB$/W,and Clq of double U-tube is 3.14 RMB$/W. The double U-tube heat exchangers usage should be prioritized.
基金Project(2007BB7351) supported by Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC and Visiting Scholar Foundation of Key Laboratory of Education Ministry
文摘Good indoor environmental quality enhances occupant health,comfort and productivity. In order to know the status of indoor environmental quality of underground shopping malls,five large underground shopping malls in five central districts of Chongqing,China,were surveyed. 2 411 questionnaires were distributed,and 98.5% of them were returned. From the results of questionnaire survey,the following conclusions were obtained:(1) in the five underground shopping malls surveyed,only shopping mall D in Nan'an district accords with the ASHRAE standard for good indoor air quality; (2) odors and sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms are widespread in the underground shopping malls. The SBS occurrence rates for women and salespersons are higher than those of men and customers,respectively; (3) in the evaluation of the indoor environment,the indoor air quality dissatisfaction rate is the highest,followed by the thermal environment; and (4) women and salespersons generally have higher rates of dissatisfaction with the indoor environmental quality of underground shopping malls than men and customers,respectively.
基金Science and Technology Cooperation Project (2007DFA90660) supported by the International Cooperation Program of Ministry of Science and TechnologyProject(CSTC,2008BB7305) supported by the Natural Science Funds of ChongqingProject(CSTS,2006AA7003) supported by the Major Scientific and Technical Program
文摘Three strains of aerobic denitrifiers,named as AT3,AT6 and AT7,were isolated from concentric-circles reactor with diversion wall possessing simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) effect of 69%. The three strains are all gram-positive and rod-shaped,and their colonial colors are pale yellow,milk white and pink,respectively. Combined with 16SrDNA sequence homology comparison and biochemical tests,AT3 and AT7 were identified to belong to Rhodococcus,and AT6 to Gordonia. These bacterial strains could grow well in the medium with potassium nitrate as nitrogen source and sodium citrate as carbon source. Based on the enhanced nitrogen removal experiments of selected bacteria mixture for activated sludge,the inoculum amount of 5% was supposed to be proper. The mixed biomass suspension of selected strains with PVA immobilization was put into the concentric-circles reactor in order to study the characteristics of enhanced nitrogen removal after amplifying cultivation with inoculated amount of 5%. The experimental results show that the average removal efficiencies of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total nitrogen (TN) in the reactor enhanced with aerobic denitrifying bacteria using PVA are 92.18% and 79.14% respectively,increasing by 5.29% and 7.83% respectively compared with removal effects of control group without strains enhancement.
基金Project(SWITCH018530) supported by the EU Sixth Framework Program-Sustainable Water management Improves Tomorrow’s CitiesProject(2008DFA91770) supported by the International Cooperation Items of the Ministry of Science and Technology,China
文摘The superior drainage was pre-treated by biologic contact oxidation on BOD5 load of 0.72 kg/(m3·d),and then post-treated by constructed wetland. The results about the effect on the constructed wetland post-treatment show that the total nitrogen (TN) is the restrictive index of the combinational technique treatment effect. To meet the reclaimed water quality standard and reuse for waterscape,the peak hydraulic load of constructed wetland is 0.50 m/d in summer (30-36 ℃) and 0.33 m/d in winter (8-12℃),and the load ratio of the peak hydraulic under the two temperature conditions is 3-2. The results are combined of reclaimed water quantity requirements in different seasons of green building. Reasonable scale of the reclaimed water treatment systems can be determined. The treatment efficacy can be well predicted,and both the design and operations can be effectively guided,by which the reclaimed water treatment systems regard superior drainage as the source and are purified by combinational technique of contact oxidation and artificial wetland.
基金Project (2008ZX07315-004) supported by National Water Pollution Controlled and Treatment Great Special of China
文摘Prolonged sludge age sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) without sludge discharge appears high performance phosphorus removal in treating saline and high-phosphorus wastewater,which cannot be explained by traditional biological dephosphorization theory. The new path and mechanism of phosphorus removal was discussed on the phosphorus balance of phosphorus removal system without sludge discharge. Phosphorus balance in sludge was studied on 26 running cycles of the phosphorus reduction system. The results show that there is only 0.12 mg/g poly-P in sludge at the end of each reaction period,not phosphorus uptake by polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs). It is found that 41.8 mg/L of external phosphorus gets lost per day averagely,and 155 mg of internal phosphorus in sludge gets lost. The matrix bound phosphine in sludge achieves 36.04 mg/kg measured by alkaline digestion,and there is 18.44 mg/kg in +1 valence state,a intermediate,in sludge. This implies that the phosphorus removal system of prolonged sludge age SBBR without sludge discharge is a phosphate reduction,and the path of dephosphorization is phosphate→hypophosphite→phosphine.
基金Project(SWITCH018530) supported by the EU Sixth Framework ProgramProject(2008DFA91770) supported by International Cooperation Items of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
文摘The efficacy of superior drainage in green building treated by combinational technique of coagulation sedimentation and constructed wetland was launched. The results show that the regression equation relating to effluent BOD5,cubage load (Nv),temperature (t) and addition dosage (ρ) is BOD5=2.05Nv-0.41t-0.82ρ+38.9. The orthogonal experiment results of constructed wetland post-treatment show that the regression equation relating to effluent BOD5,cubage load (NA),and temperature (t) is BOD5=1 190NA-0.32t+12.2. Based on the two orthogonal regression equations,combined of green building municipal gray reclaimed water quantity requirements in different seasons,a technology investment on economic optimization model of combinational technique was established. The results offer technological support for reclaimed water treatment,which regards superior drainage as the source and is purified by combinational technique of coagulation sedimentation and constructed wetland. According to the model,the reasonable scale of reclaimed water treatment systems can be determined,the treatment efficacy can be well predicted,and both the design and operating can be effectively guided.
