Tackling the problem of poor conductivity and catalytic stability of pristine metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) is crucial to improve their oxygen evolution reaction(OER) performance.Herein,we introduce a novel strategy ...Tackling the problem of poor conductivity and catalytic stability of pristine metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) is crucial to improve their oxygen evolution reaction(OER) performance.Herein,we introduce a novel strategy of dysprosium(Dy) doping,using the unique 4f orbitals of this rare earth element to enhance electrocatalytic activity of MOFs.Our method involves constructing Dy-doped Ni-MOF(Dy@Ni-MOF) nanoneedles on carbon cloth via a Dy-induced valence electronic perturbation approach.Experiments and density functional theory(DFT) calculations reveal that Dy doping can effectively modify the electronic structure of the Ni active centers and foster a strong electronic interaction between Ni and Dy.The resulting benefits include a reduced work function and a closer proximity of the d-band center to the Fermi level,which is conducive to improving electrical conductivity and promoting the adsorption of oxygen-containing intermediates.Furthermore,the Dy@Ni-MOF achieves superhydrophilicity,ensuring effective electrolyte contact and thus accelerating reaction kinetics,Ex-situ and in-situ analysis results manifest Dy_(2)O_(3)/NiOOH as the actual active species.Therefore,Dy@Ni-MOF shows impressive OER performance,significantly surpassing Ni-MOF.Besides,the overall water splitting device with Dy@NiMOF as an anode delivers a low cell voltage of 1.51 V at 10 mA cm^(-2) and demonstrates long-term stability for 100 h,positioning it as a promising substitute for precious metal catalysts.展开更多
The severe degradation of electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)at low temperatures poses a significant challenge to their practical applications.Consequently,extensive efforts have been contribut...The severe degradation of electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)at low temperatures poses a significant challenge to their practical applications.Consequently,extensive efforts have been contributed to explore novel anode materials with high electronic conductivity and rapid Li^(+)diffusion kinetics for achieving favorable low-temperature performance of LIBs.Herein,we try to review the recent reports on the synthesis and characterizations of low-temperature anode materials.First,we summarize the underlying mechanisms responsible for the performance degradation of anode materials at subzero temperatures.Second,detailed discussions concerning the key pathways(boosting electronic conductivity,enhancing Li^(+)diffusion kinetics,and inhibiting lithium dendrite)for improving the low-temperature performance of anode materials are presented.Third,several commonly used low-temperature anode materials are briefly introduced.Fourth,recent progress in the engineering of these low-temperature anode materials is summarized in terms of structural design,morphology control,surface&interface modifications,and multiphase materials.Finally,the challenges that remain to be solved in the field of low-temperature anode materials are discussed.This review was organized to offer valuable insights and guidance for next-generation LIBs with excellent low-temperature electrochemical performance.展开更多
Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)is a promising approach to convert CO_(2)to high-valued chemicals and fuels.However,developing efficient electrocatalysts featuring desirable activity and selectivity is still a big ...Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)is a promising approach to convert CO_(2)to high-valued chemicals and fuels.However,developing efficient electrocatalysts featuring desirable activity and selectivity is still a big challenge.In this work,a strategy of introducing functionalized molecules with desirable CO_(2)affinity to regulate Ag catalyst for promoting electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)was proposed.Specifically,3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole was introduced onto the Ag nanoparticle(Ag-m-Triz)for the first time to achieve selectively converting CO_(2)to carbon monoxide(CO).This Ag-m-Triz exhibits excellent performance for CO_(2)reduction with a high CO Faradaic efficiency(FECO)of 99.2%and CO partial current density of 85.0 mA cm^(-2)at-2.3 V vs.Ag/Agt in H-cell when combined with the ionic liquid-based electrolyte,30 wt%1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate([Bmim][PF6])-65 wt%acetonitrile(AcN)-5 wt%H2O,which is 2.5-fold higher than the current density in Ag-powder under the same condition.Mechanism studies confirm that the significantly improved performance of Ag-m-Triz originates from(i)the stronger adsorption ability of CO_(2)molecule and(ii)the weaker binding energy to form the COOH*intermediate on the surface of Ag-m-Triz compared with the Ag-powder catalyst,which boosts the conversion of CO_(2)to CO.This research provides a facile way to regulate electrocatalysts for efficient CO_(2)reduction by introducing functionalized molecules.展开更多
Paired electrosynthesis has received considerable attention as a consequence of simultaneously synthesizing target products at both cathode and anode,whereas the related synthetic efficiency in batch reactors is still...Paired electrosynthesis has received considerable attention as a consequence of simultaneously synthesizing target products at both cathode and anode,whereas the related synthetic efficiency in batch reactors is still undesirable under certain circumstances.Encouragingly,laminar microfluidic reactor offers prospective options that possess controllable flow characteristics such as enhanced mass transport,precise laminar flow control and the ability to expand production scale progressively.In this comprehensive review,the underlying fundamentals of the paired electrosynthesis are initially summarized,followed by categorizing the paired electrosynthesis including parallel paired electrosynthesis,divergent paired electrosynthesis,convergent paired electrosynthesis,sequential paired electrosynthesis and linear paired electrosynthesis.Thereafter,a holistic overview of microfluidic reactor equipment,integral fundamentals and research methodology as well as channel extension and scale-up strategies is proposed.The established fundamentals and evaluated metrics further inspired the applications of microfluidic reactors in paired electrosynthesis.This work stimulated the overwhelming investigation of mechanism discovery,material screening strategies,and device assemblies.展开更多
During the plasma spheroidization process powders undergo different changes in their microstructures and crystal phases. In this paper, simple calculation of heat transfer between the plasma and a suspended particle w...During the plasma spheroidization process powders undergo different changes in their microstructures and crystal phases. In this paper, simple calculation of heat transfer between the plasma and a suspended particle was performed based on three hypotheses for the purpose of guiding experiments. Experimental investigation of the crystal phases and microstructural changes during the plasma processing was made using silica, alumina and nickel powders as starting materials. It has been revealed from the experimental results that these materials undergo different changes in crystal phases and microstructures, and these changes are essentially determined by the structures, properties and aggregate states of the starting materials.展开更多
Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC) is a valuable approach to convert furfural residue(FR) into carbon material. The prepared biochars are usually characterized comprehensively, while the stock process water still remains...Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC) is a valuable approach to convert furfural residue(FR) into carbon material. The prepared biochars are usually characterized comprehensively, while the stock process water still remains to be studied in detail. Herein, a NMR study of the main components in stock process water generated at different HTC reaction conditions was reported. Various qualitative and quantitative NMR techniques(~1H and ^(13)C NMR,~1H-~1H COSY and ~1H-^(13)C HSQC etc.) especially 1D selective gradient total correlation spectroscopy(TOCSY NMR) were strategically applied in the analysis of HTC stock process water. Without separation and purification, it was demonstrated that the main detectable compounds are 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, formic acid, methanol, acetic acid, levulinic acid, glycerol, hydroxyacetone and acetaldehyde in this complicate mixture. Furthermore, the relationship between the concentration of major products and the reaction conditions(180-240 ℃ at 8 h, and 1-24 h at 240 ℃) was established. Finally, reasonable reaction pathways for hydrothermal conversion of FR were proposed based on this result and our previously obtained characteristics of biochars. The routine and challenging NMR methods utilized here would be an alternative other than HPLC or GC for biomass conversion research and can be extended to more studies.展开更多
Silicon/carbon composites,which integrate the high lithium storage performance of silicon with the exceptional mechanical strength and conductivity of carbon,will replace the traditional graphite electrodes for high-e...Silicon/carbon composites,which integrate the high lithium storage performance of silicon with the exceptional mechanical strength and conductivity of carbon,will replace the traditional graphite electrodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries.Various strategies have been designed to synthesize silicon/carbon composites for tackling the issues of anode pulverization and poor stability in the anodes,thereby improving the lithium storage ability.The effect of the regulation method at each scale on the final negative electrode performance remains unclear.However,it has not been fully clarified how the regulation methods at each scale influence the final anode performance.This review will categorize the materials structure into three scales:molecular scale,nanoscale,and microscale.First,the review will examine modification methods at the molecular scale,focusing on the interfacial bonding force between silicon and carbon.Next,it will summarize various nanostructures and special shapes in the nanoscale to explore the construction of silicon/carbon composites.Lastly,the review will provide an analysis of microscale control approaches,focusing on the formation of composite particle with micron size and the utilization of micro-Si.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the multi-scale design of silicon/carbon composite anode materials and their optimization strategies to enhance the performance of lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
In order to better understand the specific substituent effects on the electrochemical oxidation process of β-O-4 bond, a series of methoxyphenyl type β-O-4 dimer model compounds with different localized methoxyl gro...In order to better understand the specific substituent effects on the electrochemical oxidation process of β-O-4 bond, a series of methoxyphenyl type β-O-4 dimer model compounds with different localized methoxyl groups, including 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanone, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanol, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol, 2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol have been selected and their electrochemical properties have been studied experimentally by cyclic voltammetry, and FT-IR spectroelectrochemistry. Combining with electrolysis products distribution analysis and density functional theory calculations, oxidation mechanisms of all six model dimers have been explored. In particular, a total effect from substituents of both para-methoxy(on the aryl ring closing to Cα) and Cα-OH on the oxidation mechanisms has been clearly observed, showing a significant selectivity on the Cα-Cβbond cleavage induced by electrochemical oxidations.展开更多
In order to improve the ozonation efficiency for the remediation of PAHs contaminated soil,the performance experiments were carried out with quartz sand artificially contaminated with phenanthrene.The byproducts of ph...In order to improve the ozonation efficiency for the remediation of PAHs contaminated soil,the performance experiments were carried out with quartz sand artificially contaminated with phenanthrene.The byproducts of phenanthrene were detected by GC-MS and the toxicity was evaluated by seed germination tests.The influence of the particle size and moisture content of quartz sand on the ozonation efficiency was investigated.In addition,two kinds of real soil was used to compare with the quartz sand.It was revealed that the phenanthrene removal rate reached 96%after 600 minutes by using the ozonation process.Three byproducts of phenanthrene,including 9,10-phenanthrenedione,(1,1’-biphenyl)-2,2’-dicarboxaldehyde,and(1,1’-biphenyl)-2,2’-dicarboxylic acid,were obtained.As proven by seed germination tests,the toxicity of the byproducts was lower than phenanthrene.The phenanthrene was removed more effectively by ozonation in the quartz sand with finer particle size.The ozonation efficiency was significantly improved by increasing the moisture content,which is assumed to be related to the alkalinity of quartz sand.展开更多
The confined ionic liquid(IL) in solid polymer composite electrolytes(SCPEs) can improve the performance of lithium metal batteries. However, the impact/role and working mechanism of confined IL in SCPEs remain ambigu...The confined ionic liquid(IL) in solid polymer composite electrolytes(SCPEs) can improve the performance of lithium metal batteries. However, the impact/role and working mechanism of confined IL in SCPEs remain ambiguous. Herein, IL was immobilized on SiO_(2)(SiO_(2)@IL-C) and then used to prepare the confined SCPEs together with LiTFSI and PEO to study the impacts of confined-IL on the properties and performance of electrolytes and reveal the Li+transport mechanism. The results show that, compared to the IL-unconfined SCPE, the IL-confined ones exhibit better performance of electrolytes and cells, such as higher ionic conductivity, higher t+Li, and wider electrochemical windows, as well as more stable cycle performance, due to the increased dissociation degree of lithium salt and enlarged polymer amorphousness. The finite-element/molecular-dynamics simulations suggest that the IL confined on the SiO_(2) provided an additional Li+transport pathway(Li+→ SiO_(2)@IL-C) that can accelerate ion transfer and alleviate lithium dendrites, leading to ultrastable stripping/plating cycling over 1900 h for the Li/SCPEs/Li symmetric cells. This study demonstrates that IL-confinement is an effective strategy for the intelligent approach of high-performance lithium metal batteries.展开更多
In order to alleviate the pressure on the supply of lithium resources, this research proposes the use of binary/ternary collectors with high selectivity and collecting ability to enhance the flotation purification of ...In order to alleviate the pressure on the supply of lithium resources, this research proposes the use of binary/ternary collectors with high selectivity and collecting ability to enhance the flotation purification of low-grade zinnwaldite ore. The binary collector is a mixture of dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether and DL-2-octanol. A binary collector is added first, followed by sodium oleate, known as a ternary collector. Under acidic conditions, the recovery of Li2O in the concentrate was increased by 8.26% with the binary collector and 13.70% with the ternary collector, compared to the dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether. The binary collector enhanced the dispersibility of the single collector, while co-adsorption strengthened the hydrophobic nature of the zinnwaldite surface. Consequently, zinnwaldite particles,after the application of binary collector, displayed inter-particle flocculation and attachment to bubbles within 60×10^(-9)m compared to other particles. Ternary collector exhibited the capacity to lower critical micelle concentration and surface tension, subsequently inducing a denser and thicker hydrophobic layer through electrostatic forces, hydrophobic interactions, and chemical reactions. The objective of this research is to facilitate the recovery of lithium resources from low-grade ores in order to meet the needs of sustainable development.展开更多
Balancing electron transfer and intermediate adsorption ability of bifunctional catalysts via tailoring electronic structures is crucial for green hydrogen production,while it still remains challenging due to lacking ...Balancing electron transfer and intermediate adsorption ability of bifunctional catalysts via tailoring electronic structures is crucial for green hydrogen production,while it still remains challenging due to lacking efficient strategies.Herein,one efficient and universal strategy is developed to greatly regulate electronic structures of the metallic Ni-Fe-P catalysts via in-situ introducing the rare earth(RE)atoms(Ni-Fe-RE-P,RE=La,Ce,Pr,and Nd).Accordingly,the as-prepared optimal Ni-Fe-Ce-P/CC self-supported bifunctional electrodes exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity and excellent stability with the low overpotentials of 247 and 331 mV at 100 mA cm^(-2) for HER and OER,respectively.In the assembled electrolyzer,the Ni-Fe-Ce-P/CC as bifunctional electrodes displayed low operation potential of 1.49 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2),and the catalytic performance can be maintained for 100 h.Experimental results combined with density functional theory(DFT)calculation reveal that Ce doping leads to electron decentralization and crystal structure distortion,which can tailor the band structures and d-band center of Ni-Fe-P,further increasing conductivity and optimizing intermediate adsorption energy.Our work not only proposes a valuable strategy to regulate the electron transfer and intermediate adsorption of electrocatalysts via RE atoms doping,but also provides a deep under-standing of regulation mechanism of metallic electrocatalysts for enhanced water splitting.展开更多
The selective removal of trace acetylene in ethylene feed gas is of great significance in the petrochemicalindustry;however, there are still challenges in designing and developing high-performance catalysts. Here, a M...The selective removal of trace acetylene in ethylene feed gas is of great significance in the petrochemicalindustry;however, there are still challenges in designing and developing high-performance catalysts. Here, a MOFassistedencapsulation strategy was adopted for the precise synthesis of diatomic Pd2 sites on a ZnO support. When usedfor the acetylene semi-hydrogenation reaction, the dual-atom Pd2-ZnO catalyst exhibited improved catalytic performance,achieving complete conversion of acetylene at 125 °C with an 89% selectivity to ethene, as compared to Pd single-atom andnanoparticles. This enhancement was mainly attributed to the catalyst’s ability to dissociate H2 and facilitate the desorptionof intermediate C2H4. Moreover, the strong interaction between the support and the diatomic Pd sites was responsible for thecatalyst’s excellent stability during the long-term reaction.展开更多
Precisely tailoring the surface electronic structures of electrocatalysts for optimal hydrogen binding energy and hydroxide binding energy is vital to improve the sluggish kinetics of hydrogen oxidation reac-tion(HOR)...Precisely tailoring the surface electronic structures of electrocatalysts for optimal hydrogen binding energy and hydroxide binding energy is vital to improve the sluggish kinetics of hydrogen oxidation reac-tion(HOR).Herein,we employ a partial desulfurization strategy to construct a homologous Ru-RuS_(2) heterostructure anchored on hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres(Ru-RuS_(2)@C).The disparate work functions of the heterostructure contribute to the spontaneous formation of a unique built-in electric field,accelerating charge transfer and boosting conductivity of electrocatalyst.Consequently,Ru-RuS_(2)@C exhibits robust HOR electrocatalytic activity,achieving an exchange current density and mass activity as high as 3.56 mA cm^(-2) and 2.13 mAμg_(Ru)^(-1),respectively.exceeding those of state-of-the-art Pt/C and most contemporary Ru-based HOR electrocatalysts.Surprisingly,Ru-RuS_(2)@C can tolerate 1000 ppm of cO that lacks in Pt/C.Comprehensive analysis reveals that the directional electron transfer across Ru-RuS_(2) heterointerface induces local charge redistribution in interfacial region,which optimizes and balances the adsorption energies of H and OH species,as well as lowers the energy barrier for water formation,thereby promoting theHoR performance.展开更多
The catalyst layers(CLs) electrode is the key component of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs). Conventional electrodes for PEMFCs are composed of carbon-supported, iono...The catalyst layers(CLs) electrode is the key component of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs). Conventional electrodes for PEMFCs are composed of carbon-supported, ionomer, and Pt nanoparticles, all immersed together and sprayed with a micron-level thickness of CLs. They have a performance trade-off where increasing the Pt loading leads to higher performance of abundant triple-phase boundary areas but increases the electrode cost. Major challenges must be overcome before realizing its wide commercialization. Literature research revealed that it is impossible to achieve performance and durability targets with only high-performance catalysts, so the controllable design of CLs architecture in MEAs for PEMFCs must now be the top priority to meet industry goals. From this perspective, a 3D ordered electrode circumvents this issue with a support-free architecture and ultrathin thickness while reducing noble metal Pt loadings. Herein, we discuss the motivation in-depth and summarize the necessary CLs structural features for designing ultralow Pt loading electrodes. Critical issues that remain in progress for 3D ordered CLs must be studied and characterized. Furthermore, approaches for 3D ordered CLs architecture electrode development, involving material design, structure optimization, preparation technology, and characterization techniques, are summarized and are expected to be next-generation CLs for PEMFCs. Finally, the review concludes with perspectives on possible research directions of CL architecture to address the significant challenges in the future.展开更多
Crocetin displays strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-depression activity which is promising to relieve symptoms of fatigue.As a carotenoid,crocetin is difficult to dissolve in water and highly unstable agai...Crocetin displays strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-depression activity which is promising to relieve symptoms of fatigue.As a carotenoid,crocetin is difficult to dissolve in water and highly unstable against many environmental factors.Nanoliposome is used to encapsulate crocetin to improve its water dispersion.In the present study,the antifatigue activities and potential mechanism of crocetin loaded nanoliposome(CLN)was extensively investigated.The potential antifatigue pathway of CLN was analyzed.Furthermore,impact of CLN on the gut microbiota structure was examined which contributes to its antifatigue functions.CLN significantly increases exhaustive swimming time of fatigue mice,decreases the blood contents of lactic,blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and malondialdehyde(MDA).At the same time,CLN improves the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)enzyme,attenuates the oxidant stress in mice.CLN activates the adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase(AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α(PGC-1α)signaling pathway of fatigue mice,increases the mRNA expression of ATP synthase.It also increases mRNA expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A(TFAM)which promotes mitochondrial biogenesis.Additionally,CLN ameliorates the gut microbiota structure by increasing the abundance of genus such as Lactobacillus in fatigue mice.In summary,CLN exerts strong anti-fatigue properties by decreasing the oxidant stress and the contents of harmful metabolites,augmenting the production of ATP,and potentially ameliorating the gut microbiota structure.展开更多
Cu/ZnO is widely used in the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO_(2)) to methanol (CH_(3)OH) to improve the lowconversion rate and selectivity generally observed. In this work, a series of In, Zr, Co, and Ni-doped CuO...Cu/ZnO is widely used in the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO_(2)) to methanol (CH_(3)OH) to improve the lowconversion rate and selectivity generally observed. In this work, a series of In, Zr, Co, and Ni-doped CuO-ZnO catalysts wassynthesized via a hydrothermal method. By introducing a second metal element, the activity and dispersion of the activesites can be adjusted and the synergy between the metal and the carrier can be enhanced, forming an abundance of oxygenvacancies. Oxygen vacancies not only adsorb CO_(2) but also activate the intermediates in methanol synthesis, playing a keyrole in the entire reaction. Co3O4-CuO-ZnO had the best catalytic performance (a CO_(2) conversion rate of 9.17%;a CH_(3)OHselectivity of 92.77%). This study describes a typical strategy for multi-component doping to construct a catalyst with anabundance of oxygen vacancies, allowing more effective catalysis to synthesize CH_(3)OH from CO_(2).展开更多
Take after the advantages of lithium-ion battery (LIB) and redox flow battery (RFB), semi-solid flow battery (SSFB) is a promising electrochemical energy storage device in renewable energy utilization. The flowable sl...Take after the advantages of lithium-ion battery (LIB) and redox flow battery (RFB), semi-solid flow battery (SSFB) is a promising electrochemical energy storage device in renewable energy utilization. The flowable slurry electrode realizes decouple of energy and power density, while it also brings about new challenge to SSFBs, electron transport between active material and the out circuit. In this consideration, three types of current collectors (CCs) are applied to study the resistance and electrochemical performances of slurry cathodes within pouch cells for the first time. It proves that the electronic resistance (Re) between slurry electrode and the CC plays a decisive role in SSFB operation, and it is so large when Al foil is adopted that the cell cannot even work. Contact angle between Ketjen black (KB) slurry without active material (AM) and the CC is a preliminarily sign for the Re, the smaller the angle, the lower the resistance, and the better electrochemical performance of the cell.展开更多
As lead halide perovskite(LHP)semiconductors have shown tremendous promise in many application fields,and particularly made strong impact in the solar photovoltaic area,low dimensional quantum dot forms of these perov...As lead halide perovskite(LHP)semiconductors have shown tremendous promise in many application fields,and particularly made strong impact in the solar photovoltaic area,low dimensional quantum dot forms of these perovskites are showing the potential to make distinct marks in the fields of electronics,optoelectronics and photonics.The so-called perovskite quantum dots(PQDs)not only possess the most important features of LHP materials,i.e.,the unusual high defect tolerance,but also demonstrate clear quantum size effects,along with exhibiting desirable optoelectronic properties such as near perfect photoluminescent quantum yield,multiple exciton generation and slow hot-carrier cooling.Here,we review the advantageous properties of these nanoscale perovskites and survey the prospects for diverse applications which include lightemitting devices,solar cells,photocatalysts,lasers,detectors and memristors,emphasizing the distinct superiorities as well as the challenges.展开更多
Blast furnace gas(BFG)is an important by-product energy for the iron and steel industry and has been widely used for heating or electricity generation.However,the undesirable contaminants in BFG(especially H_(2)S)gene...Blast furnace gas(BFG)is an important by-product energy for the iron and steel industry and has been widely used for heating or electricity generation.However,the undesirable contaminants in BFG(especially H_(2)S)generate harmful environmental emissions.The desulfurization of BFG is urgent for integrated steel plants due to the stringent ultra-low emission standards.Compared with other desulfurization materials,zeolite-based adsorbents represent a viable option with low costs and long service life.In this study,an ammonia-induced CuO modified 13X adsorbent(NH_(3)–CuO/13X)was prepared for H_(2)S removal from simulated BFG at low temperature.The XRD,H_(2)-TPR and TEM analysis proved that smaller CuO particles were formed and the dispersion of Cu on the surface of 13X zeolite was improved via the induction of ammonia.Evaluation on H_(2)S adsorption performance of the adsorbent was carried out using simulated BFG,and the results showed that NH_(3)–CuO/13X-3 has better breakthrough sulfur capacity,which was more than twice the sulfur capacity of CuO/13X.It is proposed that the enhanced desulfurization performance of NH_(3)–CuO/13X is attributed to an abundant pore of 13X,and combined action of 13X and CuO.This work provided an effective way to improve the sulfur capacity of zeolite-based adsorbents via impregnation method by ammonia induction.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52363028,21965005)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(2021GXNSFAA076001)the Guangxi Technology Base and Talent Subject(GUIKE AD18126001,GUIKE AD20297039)。
文摘Tackling the problem of poor conductivity and catalytic stability of pristine metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) is crucial to improve their oxygen evolution reaction(OER) performance.Herein,we introduce a novel strategy of dysprosium(Dy) doping,using the unique 4f orbitals of this rare earth element to enhance electrocatalytic activity of MOFs.Our method involves constructing Dy-doped Ni-MOF(Dy@Ni-MOF) nanoneedles on carbon cloth via a Dy-induced valence electronic perturbation approach.Experiments and density functional theory(DFT) calculations reveal that Dy doping can effectively modify the electronic structure of the Ni active centers and foster a strong electronic interaction between Ni and Dy.The resulting benefits include a reduced work function and a closer proximity of the d-band center to the Fermi level,which is conducive to improving electrical conductivity and promoting the adsorption of oxygen-containing intermediates.Furthermore,the Dy@Ni-MOF achieves superhydrophilicity,ensuring effective electrolyte contact and thus accelerating reaction kinetics,Ex-situ and in-situ analysis results manifest Dy_(2)O_(3)/NiOOH as the actual active species.Therefore,Dy@Ni-MOF shows impressive OER performance,significantly surpassing Ni-MOF.Besides,the overall water splitting device with Dy@NiMOF as an anode delivers a low cell voltage of 1.51 V at 10 mA cm^(-2) and demonstrates long-term stability for 100 h,positioning it as a promising substitute for precious metal catalysts.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0705601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U23A20122,52101267)the Key Science and Technology Special Project of Henan Province(No.201111311400).
文摘The severe degradation of electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)at low temperatures poses a significant challenge to their practical applications.Consequently,extensive efforts have been contributed to explore novel anode materials with high electronic conductivity and rapid Li^(+)diffusion kinetics for achieving favorable low-temperature performance of LIBs.Herein,we try to review the recent reports on the synthesis and characterizations of low-temperature anode materials.First,we summarize the underlying mechanisms responsible for the performance degradation of anode materials at subzero temperatures.Second,detailed discussions concerning the key pathways(boosting electronic conductivity,enhancing Li^(+)diffusion kinetics,and inhibiting lithium dendrite)for improving the low-temperature performance of anode materials are presented.Third,several commonly used low-temperature anode materials are briefly introduced.Fourth,recent progress in the engineering of these low-temperature anode materials is summarized in terms of structural design,morphology control,surface&interface modifications,and multiphase materials.Finally,the challenges that remain to be solved in the field of low-temperature anode materials are discussed.This review was organized to offer valuable insights and guidance for next-generation LIBs with excellent low-temperature electrochemical performance.
基金supported by the Swedish Energy Agency(P47500-1)the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0710200)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378401 and U22A20416)the financial support from STINT(CH2019-8287)support from the European Union and Swedish Energy Agency(P2020-90066).
文摘Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)is a promising approach to convert CO_(2)to high-valued chemicals and fuels.However,developing efficient electrocatalysts featuring desirable activity and selectivity is still a big challenge.In this work,a strategy of introducing functionalized molecules with desirable CO_(2)affinity to regulate Ag catalyst for promoting electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)was proposed.Specifically,3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole was introduced onto the Ag nanoparticle(Ag-m-Triz)for the first time to achieve selectively converting CO_(2)to carbon monoxide(CO).This Ag-m-Triz exhibits excellent performance for CO_(2)reduction with a high CO Faradaic efficiency(FECO)of 99.2%and CO partial current density of 85.0 mA cm^(-2)at-2.3 V vs.Ag/Agt in H-cell when combined with the ionic liquid-based electrolyte,30 wt%1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate([Bmim][PF6])-65 wt%acetonitrile(AcN)-5 wt%H2O,which is 2.5-fold higher than the current density in Ag-powder under the same condition.Mechanism studies confirm that the significantly improved performance of Ag-m-Triz originates from(i)the stronger adsorption ability of CO_(2)molecule and(ii)the weaker binding energy to form the COOH*intermediate on the surface of Ag-m-Triz compared with the Ag-powder catalyst,which boosts the conversion of CO_(2)to CO.This research provides a facile way to regulate electrocatalysts for efficient CO_(2)reduction by introducing functionalized molecules.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178361,22378402,52302310)the International Partnership Project of CAS(039GJHZ2022029GC)+5 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0710200)the foundation of the Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences(IAGM2022D07)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M722597)QinChuangYuan Cites High-level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Programs(QCYRCXM-2022-335)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(G2022KY05111)the Open Project Program of Anhui Province International Research Center on Advanced Building Materials(JZCL2303KF)。
文摘Paired electrosynthesis has received considerable attention as a consequence of simultaneously synthesizing target products at both cathode and anode,whereas the related synthetic efficiency in batch reactors is still undesirable under certain circumstances.Encouragingly,laminar microfluidic reactor offers prospective options that possess controllable flow characteristics such as enhanced mass transport,precise laminar flow control and the ability to expand production scale progressively.In this comprehensive review,the underlying fundamentals of the paired electrosynthesis are initially summarized,followed by categorizing the paired electrosynthesis including parallel paired electrosynthesis,divergent paired electrosynthesis,convergent paired electrosynthesis,sequential paired electrosynthesis and linear paired electrosynthesis.Thereafter,a holistic overview of microfluidic reactor equipment,integral fundamentals and research methodology as well as channel extension and scale-up strategies is proposed.The established fundamentals and evaluated metrics further inspired the applications of microfluidic reactors in paired electrosynthesis.This work stimulated the overwhelming investigation of mechanism discovery,material screening strategies,and device assemblies.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50574083)
文摘During the plasma spheroidization process powders undergo different changes in their microstructures and crystal phases. In this paper, simple calculation of heat transfer between the plasma and a suspended particle was performed based on three hypotheses for the purpose of guiding experiments. Experimental investigation of the crystal phases and microstructural changes during the plasma processing was made using silica, alumina and nickel powders as starting materials. It has been revealed from the experimental results that these materials undergo different changes in crystal phases and microstructures, and these changes are essentially determined by the structures, properties and aggregate states of the starting materials.
基金Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China (2015-123)the Natural Science Foundation of China (51602322)the Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province (International Cooperation) (201703D421041) for financial support
文摘Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC) is a valuable approach to convert furfural residue(FR) into carbon material. The prepared biochars are usually characterized comprehensively, while the stock process water still remains to be studied in detail. Herein, a NMR study of the main components in stock process water generated at different HTC reaction conditions was reported. Various qualitative and quantitative NMR techniques(~1H and ^(13)C NMR,~1H-~1H COSY and ~1H-^(13)C HSQC etc.) especially 1D selective gradient total correlation spectroscopy(TOCSY NMR) were strategically applied in the analysis of HTC stock process water. Without separation and purification, it was demonstrated that the main detectable compounds are 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, formic acid, methanol, acetic acid, levulinic acid, glycerol, hydroxyacetone and acetaldehyde in this complicate mixture. Furthermore, the relationship between the concentration of major products and the reaction conditions(180-240 ℃ at 8 h, and 1-24 h at 240 ℃) was established. Finally, reasonable reaction pathways for hydrothermal conversion of FR were proposed based on this result and our previously obtained characteristics of biochars. The routine and challenging NMR methods utilized here would be an alternative other than HPLC or GC for biomass conversion research and can be extended to more studies.
基金funded by the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering (MESO-23-T03)the National Natural Science Foundation (22278423)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB3805602)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing (2462021QNXZ007)。
文摘Silicon/carbon composites,which integrate the high lithium storage performance of silicon with the exceptional mechanical strength and conductivity of carbon,will replace the traditional graphite electrodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries.Various strategies have been designed to synthesize silicon/carbon composites for tackling the issues of anode pulverization and poor stability in the anodes,thereby improving the lithium storage ability.The effect of the regulation method at each scale on the final negative electrode performance remains unclear.However,it has not been fully clarified how the regulation methods at each scale influence the final anode performance.This review will categorize the materials structure into three scales:molecular scale,nanoscale,and microscale.First,the review will examine modification methods at the molecular scale,focusing on the interfacial bonding force between silicon and carbon.Next,it will summarize various nanostructures and special shapes in the nanoscale to explore the construction of silicon/carbon composites.Lastly,the review will provide an analysis of microscale control approaches,focusing on the formation of composite particle with micron size and the utilization of micro-Si.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the multi-scale design of silicon/carbon composite anode materials and their optimization strategies to enhance the performance of lithium-ion batteries.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Natural Science Foundation of China,China(Grant No.21975082 and 21736003)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant Number:2019A1515011472 and 2022A1515011341)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(Grant Number:202102080479).
文摘In order to better understand the specific substituent effects on the electrochemical oxidation process of β-O-4 bond, a series of methoxyphenyl type β-O-4 dimer model compounds with different localized methoxyl groups, including 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanone, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanol, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol, 2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol have been selected and their electrochemical properties have been studied experimentally by cyclic voltammetry, and FT-IR spectroelectrochemistry. Combining with electrolysis products distribution analysis and density functional theory calculations, oxidation mechanisms of all six model dimers have been explored. In particular, a total effect from substituents of both para-methoxy(on the aryl ring closing to Cα) and Cα-OH on the oxidation mechanisms has been clearly observed, showing a significant selectivity on the Cα-Cβbond cleavage induced by electrochemical oxidations.
基金Appreciation and acknowledgment are given to the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51508353 and No.21676027)the Project of Construction of Innovative Teams and Teacher Career Development for Universities and Colleges under Beijing Municipality(IDHT20180508).
文摘In order to improve the ozonation efficiency for the remediation of PAHs contaminated soil,the performance experiments were carried out with quartz sand artificially contaminated with phenanthrene.The byproducts of phenanthrene were detected by GC-MS and the toxicity was evaluated by seed germination tests.The influence of the particle size and moisture content of quartz sand on the ozonation efficiency was investigated.In addition,two kinds of real soil was used to compare with the quartz sand.It was revealed that the phenanthrene removal rate reached 96%after 600 minutes by using the ozonation process.Three byproducts of phenanthrene,including 9,10-phenanthrenedione,(1,1’-biphenyl)-2,2’-dicarboxaldehyde,and(1,1’-biphenyl)-2,2’-dicarboxylic acid,were obtained.As proven by seed germination tests,the toxicity of the byproducts was lower than phenanthrene.The phenanthrene was removed more effectively by ozonation in the quartz sand with finer particle size.The ozonation efficiency was significantly improved by increasing the moisture content,which is assumed to be related to the alkalinity of quartz sand.
基金support from European Union’s Horizon 2020 research,innovation programme under grant agreement No. 958174, Vinnova (Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems)the financial support from the LTU CREATERNITY program+2 种基金the J. Gust Richert Foundationthe Swedish Energy Agency,STINT (CH2019-8287),and Bio4energythe National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U23A20122)。
文摘The confined ionic liquid(IL) in solid polymer composite electrolytes(SCPEs) can improve the performance of lithium metal batteries. However, the impact/role and working mechanism of confined IL in SCPEs remain ambiguous. Herein, IL was immobilized on SiO_(2)(SiO_(2)@IL-C) and then used to prepare the confined SCPEs together with LiTFSI and PEO to study the impacts of confined-IL on the properties and performance of electrolytes and reveal the Li+transport mechanism. The results show that, compared to the IL-unconfined SCPE, the IL-confined ones exhibit better performance of electrolytes and cells, such as higher ionic conductivity, higher t+Li, and wider electrochemical windows, as well as more stable cycle performance, due to the increased dissociation degree of lithium salt and enlarged polymer amorphousness. The finite-element/molecular-dynamics simulations suggest that the IL confined on the SiO_(2) provided an additional Li+transport pathway(Li+→ SiO_(2)@IL-C) that can accelerate ion transfer and alleviate lithium dendrites, leading to ultrastable stripping/plating cycling over 1900 h for the Li/SCPEs/Li symmetric cells. This study demonstrates that IL-confinement is an effective strategy for the intelligent approach of high-performance lithium metal batteries.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC2811403).
文摘In order to alleviate the pressure on the supply of lithium resources, this research proposes the use of binary/ternary collectors with high selectivity and collecting ability to enhance the flotation purification of low-grade zinnwaldite ore. The binary collector is a mixture of dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether and DL-2-octanol. A binary collector is added first, followed by sodium oleate, known as a ternary collector. Under acidic conditions, the recovery of Li2O in the concentrate was increased by 8.26% with the binary collector and 13.70% with the ternary collector, compared to the dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether. The binary collector enhanced the dispersibility of the single collector, while co-adsorption strengthened the hydrophobic nature of the zinnwaldite surface. Consequently, zinnwaldite particles,after the application of binary collector, displayed inter-particle flocculation and attachment to bubbles within 60×10^(-9)m compared to other particles. Ternary collector exhibited the capacity to lower critical micelle concentration and surface tension, subsequently inducing a denser and thicker hydrophobic layer through electrostatic forces, hydrophobic interactions, and chemical reactions. The objective of this research is to facilitate the recovery of lithium resources from low-grade ores in order to meet the needs of sustainable development.
基金support from the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2021YFB3500801,2022YFC3901503,2022YFB3504302)the Natural Science Foundation and Overseas Talent Projects of Jiangxi Province(20232BAB214025,20232BCJ25044).
文摘Balancing electron transfer and intermediate adsorption ability of bifunctional catalysts via tailoring electronic structures is crucial for green hydrogen production,while it still remains challenging due to lacking efficient strategies.Herein,one efficient and universal strategy is developed to greatly regulate electronic structures of the metallic Ni-Fe-P catalysts via in-situ introducing the rare earth(RE)atoms(Ni-Fe-RE-P,RE=La,Ce,Pr,and Nd).Accordingly,the as-prepared optimal Ni-Fe-Ce-P/CC self-supported bifunctional electrodes exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity and excellent stability with the low overpotentials of 247 and 331 mV at 100 mA cm^(-2) for HER and OER,respectively.In the assembled electrolyzer,the Ni-Fe-Ce-P/CC as bifunctional electrodes displayed low operation potential of 1.49 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2),and the catalytic performance can be maintained for 100 h.Experimental results combined with density functional theory(DFT)calculation reveal that Ce doping leads to electron decentralization and crystal structure distortion,which can tailor the band structures and d-band center of Ni-Fe-P,further increasing conductivity and optimizing intermediate adsorption energy.Our work not only proposes a valuable strategy to regulate the electron transfer and intermediate adsorption of electrocatalysts via RE atoms doping,but also provides a deep under-standing of regulation mechanism of metallic electrocatalysts for enhanced water splitting.
基金the National Natural Science foundation of China(22379053 and 21878127)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711358).We also thank Xu Fangping for assistance in HRTEM characterization from the Central Laboratory of School of Chemical and Material Engineering of Jiangnan University.
文摘The selective removal of trace acetylene in ethylene feed gas is of great significance in the petrochemicalindustry;however, there are still challenges in designing and developing high-performance catalysts. Here, a MOFassistedencapsulation strategy was adopted for the precise synthesis of diatomic Pd2 sites on a ZnO support. When usedfor the acetylene semi-hydrogenation reaction, the dual-atom Pd2-ZnO catalyst exhibited improved catalytic performance,achieving complete conversion of acetylene at 125 °C with an 89% selectivity to ethene, as compared to Pd single-atom andnanoparticles. This enhancement was mainly attributed to the catalyst’s ability to dissociate H2 and facilitate the desorptionof intermediate C2H4. Moreover, the strong interaction between the support and the diatomic Pd sites was responsible for thecatalyst’s excellent stability during the long-term reaction.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52363028)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province (2021GXNSFAA076001)the Guangxi Technology Base and Talent Subject (GUIKE AD23023004,GUIKE AD20297039)
文摘Precisely tailoring the surface electronic structures of electrocatalysts for optimal hydrogen binding energy and hydroxide binding energy is vital to improve the sluggish kinetics of hydrogen oxidation reac-tion(HOR).Herein,we employ a partial desulfurization strategy to construct a homologous Ru-RuS_(2) heterostructure anchored on hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres(Ru-RuS_(2)@C).The disparate work functions of the heterostructure contribute to the spontaneous formation of a unique built-in electric field,accelerating charge transfer and boosting conductivity of electrocatalyst.Consequently,Ru-RuS_(2)@C exhibits robust HOR electrocatalytic activity,achieving an exchange current density and mass activity as high as 3.56 mA cm^(-2) and 2.13 mAμg_(Ru)^(-1),respectively.exceeding those of state-of-the-art Pt/C and most contemporary Ru-based HOR electrocatalysts.Surprisingly,Ru-RuS_(2)@C can tolerate 1000 ppm of cO that lacks in Pt/C.Comprehensive analysis reveals that the directional electron transfer across Ru-RuS_(2) heterointerface induces local charge redistribution in interfacial region,which optimizes and balances the adsorption energies of H and OH species,as well as lowers the energy barrier for water formation,thereby promoting theHoR performance.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (ZR2023MB049)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M670483)the Science Foundation of Weifang University (2023BS11)。
文摘The catalyst layers(CLs) electrode is the key component of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs). Conventional electrodes for PEMFCs are composed of carbon-supported, ionomer, and Pt nanoparticles, all immersed together and sprayed with a micron-level thickness of CLs. They have a performance trade-off where increasing the Pt loading leads to higher performance of abundant triple-phase boundary areas but increases the electrode cost. Major challenges must be overcome before realizing its wide commercialization. Literature research revealed that it is impossible to achieve performance and durability targets with only high-performance catalysts, so the controllable design of CLs architecture in MEAs for PEMFCs must now be the top priority to meet industry goals. From this perspective, a 3D ordered electrode circumvents this issue with a support-free architecture and ultrathin thickness while reducing noble metal Pt loadings. Herein, we discuss the motivation in-depth and summarize the necessary CLs structural features for designing ultralow Pt loading electrodes. Critical issues that remain in progress for 3D ordered CLs must be studied and characterized. Furthermore, approaches for 3D ordered CLs architecture electrode development, involving material design, structure optimization, preparation technology, and characterization techniques, are summarized and are expected to be next-generation CLs for PEMFCs. Finally, the review concludes with perspectives on possible research directions of CL architecture to address the significant challenges in the future.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31700015)Health Commission of Hunan Province(C202306017634)Changsha Natural Science Foundation(KQ2208092).
文摘Crocetin displays strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-depression activity which is promising to relieve symptoms of fatigue.As a carotenoid,crocetin is difficult to dissolve in water and highly unstable against many environmental factors.Nanoliposome is used to encapsulate crocetin to improve its water dispersion.In the present study,the antifatigue activities and potential mechanism of crocetin loaded nanoliposome(CLN)was extensively investigated.The potential antifatigue pathway of CLN was analyzed.Furthermore,impact of CLN on the gut microbiota structure was examined which contributes to its antifatigue functions.CLN significantly increases exhaustive swimming time of fatigue mice,decreases the blood contents of lactic,blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and malondialdehyde(MDA).At the same time,CLN improves the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)enzyme,attenuates the oxidant stress in mice.CLN activates the adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase(AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α(PGC-1α)signaling pathway of fatigue mice,increases the mRNA expression of ATP synthase.It also increases mRNA expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A(TFAM)which promotes mitochondrial biogenesis.Additionally,CLN ameliorates the gut microbiota structure by increasing the abundance of genus such as Lactobacillus in fatigue mice.In summary,CLN exerts strong anti-fatigue properties by decreasing the oxidant stress and the contents of harmful metabolites,augmenting the production of ATP,and potentially ameliorating the gut microbiota structure.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61973223,51972306)the Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC2007051)+2 种基金the Liaoning Educational Department Foundation(No.LJKMZ20220762,JYTMS20231510)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2023-MS-235,2023-MSLH-270)the Key Project in Science&Technology of SYUCT(No.2023DB005).
文摘Cu/ZnO is widely used in the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO_(2)) to methanol (CH_(3)OH) to improve the lowconversion rate and selectivity generally observed. In this work, a series of In, Zr, Co, and Ni-doped CuO-ZnO catalysts wassynthesized via a hydrothermal method. By introducing a second metal element, the activity and dispersion of the activesites can be adjusted and the synergy between the metal and the carrier can be enhanced, forming an abundance of oxygenvacancies. Oxygen vacancies not only adsorb CO_(2) but also activate the intermediates in methanol synthesis, playing a keyrole in the entire reaction. Co3O4-CuO-ZnO had the best catalytic performance (a CO_(2) conversion rate of 9.17%;a CH_(3)OHselectivity of 92.77%). This study describes a typical strategy for multi-component doping to construct a catalyst with anabundance of oxygen vacancies, allowing more effective catalysis to synthesize CH_(3)OH from CO_(2).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0705603)the Heibei Natural Science Foundation of China,China,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22078341)+1 种基金the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.B2020103028)Sincerely appreciate Prof.Suojiang Zhang(IPE,CAS)for his careful academic guidance and great support.
文摘Take after the advantages of lithium-ion battery (LIB) and redox flow battery (RFB), semi-solid flow battery (SSFB) is a promising electrochemical energy storage device in renewable energy utilization. The flowable slurry electrode realizes decouple of energy and power density, while it also brings about new challenge to SSFBs, electron transport between active material and the out circuit. In this consideration, three types of current collectors (CCs) are applied to study the resistance and electrochemical performances of slurry cathodes within pouch cells for the first time. It proves that the electronic resistance (Re) between slurry electrode and the CC plays a decisive role in SSFB operation, and it is so large when Al foil is adopted that the cell cannot even work. Contact angle between Ketjen black (KB) slurry without active material (AM) and the CC is a preliminarily sign for the Re, the smaller the angle, the lower the resistance, and the better electrochemical performance of the cell.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52102266,12204167)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M680861)+4 种基金the support from the Department of Science and Technology-Science and Engineering Research Board(DST-SERB),Government of India(project no.SRG/2020/000258)CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology,Hyderabadsupported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2022R1A5A1032539,2022R1C1C1008282)Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program-Alchemist Project(1415180859,Chiral perovskite LED smart contact lens based hyper vision metaverse)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Korea)Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology(KEIT,Korea).
文摘As lead halide perovskite(LHP)semiconductors have shown tremendous promise in many application fields,and particularly made strong impact in the solar photovoltaic area,low dimensional quantum dot forms of these perovskites are showing the potential to make distinct marks in the fields of electronics,optoelectronics and photonics.The so-called perovskite quantum dots(PQDs)not only possess the most important features of LHP materials,i.e.,the unusual high defect tolerance,but also demonstrate clear quantum size effects,along with exhibiting desirable optoelectronic properties such as near perfect photoluminescent quantum yield,multiple exciton generation and slow hot-carrier cooling.Here,we review the advantageous properties of these nanoscale perovskites and survey the prospects for diverse applications which include lightemitting devices,solar cells,photocatalysts,lasers,detectors and memristors,emphasizing the distinct superiorities as well as the challenges.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant.22076189)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3707003)the Joint Fund of Yulin University and Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(Grant.YLU-DNL Fund 2022003).
文摘Blast furnace gas(BFG)is an important by-product energy for the iron and steel industry and has been widely used for heating or electricity generation.However,the undesirable contaminants in BFG(especially H_(2)S)generate harmful environmental emissions.The desulfurization of BFG is urgent for integrated steel plants due to the stringent ultra-low emission standards.Compared with other desulfurization materials,zeolite-based adsorbents represent a viable option with low costs and long service life.In this study,an ammonia-induced CuO modified 13X adsorbent(NH_(3)–CuO/13X)was prepared for H_(2)S removal from simulated BFG at low temperature.The XRD,H_(2)-TPR and TEM analysis proved that smaller CuO particles were formed and the dispersion of Cu on the surface of 13X zeolite was improved via the induction of ammonia.Evaluation on H_(2)S adsorption performance of the adsorbent was carried out using simulated BFG,and the results showed that NH_(3)–CuO/13X-3 has better breakthrough sulfur capacity,which was more than twice the sulfur capacity of CuO/13X.It is proposed that the enhanced desulfurization performance of NH_(3)–CuO/13X is attributed to an abundant pore of 13X,and combined action of 13X and CuO.This work provided an effective way to improve the sulfur capacity of zeolite-based adsorbents via impregnation method by ammonia induction.
