DCPTA （2-diethylaminoethyl-3, 4-dichlorophenylether） is a new plant regulator which can be used to regulate growth and development for crops. Experiments on maize seedlings were conducted in the growth chamber to st...DCPTA （2-diethylaminoethyl-3, 4-dichlorophenylether） is a new plant regulator which can be used to regulate growth and development for crops. Experiments on maize seedlings were conducted in the growth chamber to study the effects of foliar applied DCPTA. The plant pots were placed in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The maize seedlings were treated with 0 mg·L-1 （control）, 20 mg·L-1 and 40 mg·L-1 DCPTA solution. The effects of DCPTA on the photosynthetic characteristics （photosynthesis, stomata conductance, intercellular CO2, and transpiration rate）, related physiological characteristics （contents of soluble sugar and starch）, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters （Fo, Fro, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, qP, and qN） and the weight of dry matter in maize seedling were studied. The results showed that DCPTA enhanced photosynthesis of maize seedling. In general, photosynthetic rate in leaves was significantly promoted through spraying DCPTA solution, and 40 rag＂ L~ DCPTA was found to be the best concentration for maize. The relationship between stomata conductance and transpiration rate in maize leaves could be described as linear. With regard to the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, our fmdings showed that 40 mg·L-1 DCPTA in maize seedling caused an increase in Fm, Fv/Fm, Fm/Fo, qP and a decrease in Fo and qN at some time points checked. It is suggested that DCPTA increased photosynthetic rate by raising both the content of chlorophyll and activities of PSII and the contents of sugar and starch. Compared with the control, the treated maize seedling caused an increase in plant height, root length, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, or the total （root plus shoot） dry mass.展开更多
A totatl of 116 isolates of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, were collected from 45 samples in different counties of Heilongjiang Province, and 20 Chinese physiological races belonging to seven groups were ident...A totatl of 116 isolates of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, were collected from 45 samples in different counties of Heilongjiang Province, and 20 Chinese physiological races belonging to seven groups were identified by using seven standard Chinese rice blast identifying varieties. Results showed that the dominant groups could be ranked as ZA, ZD, and ZB, with the occurrence frequencies of 47.41%, 22.41% and 15.52%, respectively. The race ZA49 was the dominant race with the occurrence frequency of 26.72%. The occurrence frequencies of the races ZD5 and ZD1 were 10.34% and 8.62%, respectively. The rising occurrence frequencies of these three dominant species were the most important reasons that causing Kongyu-131 more sensitive to rice blast. The results of virulence frequency indicated that the race harboring Pi-k, Pi-i, Pi-a gene were more susceptible to rice blast in Heilongjiang Province, and they should not be large-scale cultivated.展开更多
With the development of China＇s market economy, the international grain supply situation is increasingly tense, and the grain has been regarded as an important international strategic resource in the international ma...With the development of China＇s market economy, the international grain supply situation is increasingly tense, and the grain has been regarded as an important international strategic resource in the international market. Due to the reduction of international grain output and expected inflation, the gap between maize supply shortage and increasing demand is apparent in China, so that China is described as a worrying importer country. By using SWOT analysis belonging to the field of enterprise strategic management, this paper analyzed the current maize industry development in Heilongjiang Province as an entry point, the strength, weakness and opportunity and threat were put forward. Thereby, the developing principles and strategies were proposed to stimulate the maize industry development in Heilongjiang Province, which would lay a good foundation of 50 billion kilograms grain production capacity by 2015 in China, as well as the economic development and local farmers＇ income increase.展开更多
Environmental safety issues involved in transgenic plants have become the concern of researchers, practitioners and policy makers in recent years. Potential differences between Bt maize（ND1324 and ND2353 expressing t...Environmental safety issues involved in transgenic plants have become the concern of researchers, practitioners and policy makers in recent years. Potential differences between Bt maize（ND1324 and ND2353 expressing the insecticidal Cry1Ab protein） and near-isogenic non-Bt varieties（ND1392 and ND223） in their influence on the composite microbial system of MC1 during the fermentation process were studied during 2011-2012. Cry1Ab protein in Bt maize residues didn＇t affect characteristics of lignocellulose degradation by MC1, pH of fermentation broth decreasing at initial stage and increasing at later stage of degradation. The quality of various volatile products in fermentation broth showed that no signifi cant difference of residues fermentation existed between Bt maize and non-Bt maize. During the fermentation MC1 efficiently degraded maize residues by 83%-88%, and cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin content decreased by 70%-72%, 72%-75% and 30%-37%, respectively. Besides that, no consistent difference was found between Bt and non-Bt maize residues lignocellulose degradation by MC1 during the fermentation process. MC1 degraded 88%-89% Cry1Ab protein in Bt maize residues, and in the fermentation broth of MC1 and bacteria of MC1 Cry1Ab protein was not detected. DGGE profi le analyses revealed that the microbial community drastically changed during 1-3 days and became stable until the 9th day. Though the dominant strains at different fermentation stages had signifi cantly changed, no difference on the dominant strains was observed between Bt and non-Bt maize at different stages. Our study indicated that Cry1Ab protein did not infl uence the growth characteristic of MC1.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31201164)the Program of Science and Technology of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province(12521036)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2012M511434)Heilongjiang Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation(LBH-Z12036)the Doctoral Starting Up Foundation of Northeast Agricultural University(2012RCB01)
文摘DCPTA （2-diethylaminoethyl-3, 4-dichlorophenylether） is a new plant regulator which can be used to regulate growth and development for crops. Experiments on maize seedlings were conducted in the growth chamber to study the effects of foliar applied DCPTA. The plant pots were placed in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The maize seedlings were treated with 0 mg·L-1 （control）, 20 mg·L-1 and 40 mg·L-1 DCPTA solution. The effects of DCPTA on the photosynthetic characteristics （photosynthesis, stomata conductance, intercellular CO2, and transpiration rate）, related physiological characteristics （contents of soluble sugar and starch）, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters （Fo, Fro, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, qP, and qN） and the weight of dry matter in maize seedling were studied. The results showed that DCPTA enhanced photosynthesis of maize seedling. In general, photosynthetic rate in leaves was significantly promoted through spraying DCPTA solution, and 40 rag＂ L~ DCPTA was found to be the best concentration for maize. The relationship between stomata conductance and transpiration rate in maize leaves could be described as linear. With regard to the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, our fmdings showed that 40 mg·L-1 DCPTA in maize seedling caused an increase in Fm, Fv/Fm, Fm/Fo, qP and a decrease in Fo and qN at some time points checked. It is suggested that DCPTA increased photosynthetic rate by raising both the content of chlorophyll and activities of PSII and the contents of sugar and starch. Compared with the control, the treated maize seedling caused an increase in plant height, root length, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, or the total （root plus shoot） dry mass.
基金Supported by the Youth Science Funds of Heilongjiang Province (QC2010027)
文摘A totatl of 116 isolates of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, were collected from 45 samples in different counties of Heilongjiang Province, and 20 Chinese physiological races belonging to seven groups were identified by using seven standard Chinese rice blast identifying varieties. Results showed that the dominant groups could be ranked as ZA, ZD, and ZB, with the occurrence frequencies of 47.41%, 22.41% and 15.52%, respectively. The race ZA49 was the dominant race with the occurrence frequency of 26.72%. The occurrence frequencies of the races ZD5 and ZD1 were 10.34% and 8.62%, respectively. The rising occurrence frequencies of these three dominant species were the most important reasons that causing Kongyu-131 more sensitive to rice blast. The results of virulence frequency indicated that the race harboring Pi-k, Pi-i, Pi-a gene were more susceptible to rice blast in Heilongjiang Province, and they should not be large-scale cultivated.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2011BAD16B11)
文摘With the development of China＇s market economy, the international grain supply situation is increasingly tense, and the grain has been regarded as an important international strategic resource in the international market. Due to the reduction of international grain output and expected inflation, the gap between maize supply shortage and increasing demand is apparent in China, so that China is described as a worrying importer country. By using SWOT analysis belonging to the field of enterprise strategic management, this paper analyzed the current maize industry development in Heilongjiang Province as an entry point, the strength, weakness and opportunity and threat were put forward. Thereby, the developing principles and strategies were proposed to stimulate the maize industry development in Heilongjiang Province, which would lay a good foundation of 50 billion kilograms grain production capacity by 2015 in China, as well as the economic development and local farmers＇ income increase.
文摘Environmental safety issues involved in transgenic plants have become the concern of researchers, practitioners and policy makers in recent years. Potential differences between Bt maize（ND1324 and ND2353 expressing the insecticidal Cry1Ab protein） and near-isogenic non-Bt varieties（ND1392 and ND223） in their influence on the composite microbial system of MC1 during the fermentation process were studied during 2011-2012. Cry1Ab protein in Bt maize residues didn＇t affect characteristics of lignocellulose degradation by MC1, pH of fermentation broth decreasing at initial stage and increasing at later stage of degradation. The quality of various volatile products in fermentation broth showed that no signifi cant difference of residues fermentation existed between Bt maize and non-Bt maize. During the fermentation MC1 efficiently degraded maize residues by 83%-88%, and cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin content decreased by 70%-72%, 72%-75% and 30%-37%, respectively. Besides that, no consistent difference was found between Bt and non-Bt maize residues lignocellulose degradation by MC1 during the fermentation process. MC1 degraded 88%-89% Cry1Ab protein in Bt maize residues, and in the fermentation broth of MC1 and bacteria of MC1 Cry1Ab protein was not detected. DGGE profi le analyses revealed that the microbial community drastically changed during 1-3 days and became stable until the 9th day. Though the dominant strains at different fermentation stages had signifi cantly changed, no difference on the dominant strains was observed between Bt and non-Bt maize at different stages. Our study indicated that Cry1Ab protein did not infl uence the growth characteristic of MC1.
