Chemometric amylose modeling for global calibration,using whole grain near infrared transmittance spectra and sample selection,was used in an artificial neural network(ANN) ,to assess the global and local models gener...Chemometric amylose modeling for global calibration,using whole grain near infrared transmittance spectra and sample selection,was used in an artificial neural network(ANN) ,to assess the global and local models generated,based on samples of newly bred Indica,Japonica and rice. Global sample sets had a wide range of sample variation for amylose content(0 to 25.9%) . The local sample set,Japonica sample,had relatively low amylose content and a narrow sample variation(amylose;12.3% to 21.0%) . For sample selection the CENTER algorithm was applied to generate calibration,validation and stop sample sets. Spectral preprocessing was found to reduce the optimum number of partial least squares(PLS) components for amylose content and thus enhance the robustness of the local calibration. The best model was found to be an ANN global calibration with spectral preprocessing;the next was a PLS global calibration using standard spectra. These results pose the question whether an ANN algorithm with spectral preprocessing could be developed for global and local calibration models or whether PLS without spectral preprocessing should be developed for global calibration models. We suggest that global calibration models incorporating an ANN may be used as a universal calibration model.展开更多
While we studied pharmacokinetics of SM-12502 which was under development as an anti-PAF agent, we found three subjects showing a slow metabolic phenotype in its pharmacokinetics. Analyzing the genes for CYP2A6 from t...While we studied pharmacokinetics of SM-12502 which was under development as an anti-PAF agent, we found three subjects showing a slow metabolic phenotype in its pharmacokinetics. Analyzing the genes for CYP2A6 from the three subjects, we discovered that the three subjects possessed the whole CYP2A6 gene deletion (CYP2A6*4C), a novel genetic polymorphism of the CYP2A6 gene. Genetically engineered Salmonella YG7108 cells expressing human CYP2A6 or CYP2E1 together with the NADPH-CYP reductase were established in our laboratory to compare the mutagen-producing capacity of these enzymes for various N-nitrosamines. We found that CYP2E1 was responsible for the metabolic activation of N-nitrosamines with relatively short alkyl chains, whereas CYP2A6 was involved in the metabolic activation of N-nitrosamines possessing relatively bulky alkyl chains such as a tobacco-specific nitrosamine, NNK, which has been known to cause lung tumor in rodents. Thus, to examine a hypothesis that individuals possessing the CYP2A6*4C have the reduced risk of lung cancer due to the lack of the capacity of the metabolic activation of certain carcinogens in tobacco smoke, a case-control study was performed.展开更多
The accretionary complex related to the Paleo-Tethys subduction was developed along western margin of the Indochina Block in northern Thailand. The provenance,source rock compositions,and sediment supply system of the...The accretionary complex related to the Paleo-Tethys subduction was developed along western margin of the Indochina Block in northern Thailand. The provenance,source rock compositions,and sediment supply system of the accretionary展开更多
Zagros orogen extends from the Turkish-Iranian border to NW,to the Makran area in SE.According to Geological Survey of Iran 100,000 series "Sureyan", "Saadatshahr","Abadeh-E-Tashk" and &q...Zagros orogen extends from the Turkish-Iranian border to NW,to the Makran area in SE.According to Geological Survey of Iran 100,000 series "Sureyan", "Saadatshahr","Abadeh-E-Tashk" and "Arsenjan",the Zagros orogen comprises the following sub-parallel tectonostratigraphic domains,from SW to展开更多
A rich foraminiferal assemblage,consisting of abundant Aulotortus sinuosus and A.tumidus in association with Lamelliconus multispirus,Endoteba ex gr.controversa,E.ex gr.badouxi,Endotebanella kocaeliensis,Endotriada ty...A rich foraminiferal assemblage,consisting of abundant Aulotortus sinuosus and A.tumidus in association with Lamelliconus multispirus,Endoteba ex gr.controversa,E.ex gr.badouxi,Endotebanella kocaeliensis,Endotriada tyrrhenica,Endotriadella wirzi,Malayspirina fontainei,Ammobaculites rhaeticus,Diplotremina astrofimbriata,Agathammina austroalpina,and others,was found in the Doi Long Formation of the Triassic Lampang Group,Northern Thailand.These foraminifers suggest that the formation is referable to the Carnian(early Late Triassic),which is consistent with the age estimated by ammonoids.In microfacies,peloidal grainstone,bioclastic grainstone,sponge-microbial boundstone,and oolitic grainstone were recognized in the Doi Long Formation.Based on microfacies,three depositional facies,the lagoon facies,reef facies,and shoal facies,are recognized in this formation.These lines of evidence are suggestive that the Doi Long Formation was deposited in a reef or bank setting rather than a ramp setting.展开更多
Tectonic subdivision of mainland Thailand has been discussed by means of Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratigraphy,micropaleontology represented by foraminiferal and radiolarian biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography,tectoni...Tectonic subdivision of mainland Thailand has been discussed by means of Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratigraphy,micropaleontology represented by foraminiferal and radiolarian biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography,tectonic settings of granitoids,展开更多
The Inthanon Zone of Northern Thailand,originally proposed by Barr and Macdonald(1991),is characterized by the occurrence of Paleo-Tethyan pelagic sediments including Carboniferous-Permian seamount-type carbonate asso...The Inthanon Zone of Northern Thailand,originally proposed by Barr and Macdonald(1991),is characterized by the occurrence of Paleo-Tethyan pelagic sediments including Carboniferous-Permian seamount-type carbonate associated with oceanic展开更多
文摘Chemometric amylose modeling for global calibration,using whole grain near infrared transmittance spectra and sample selection,was used in an artificial neural network(ANN) ,to assess the global and local models generated,based on samples of newly bred Indica,Japonica and rice. Global sample sets had a wide range of sample variation for amylose content(0 to 25.9%) . The local sample set,Japonica sample,had relatively low amylose content and a narrow sample variation(amylose;12.3% to 21.0%) . For sample selection the CENTER algorithm was applied to generate calibration,validation and stop sample sets. Spectral preprocessing was found to reduce the optimum number of partial least squares(PLS) components for amylose content and thus enhance the robustness of the local calibration. The best model was found to be an ANN global calibration with spectral preprocessing;the next was a PLS global calibration using standard spectra. These results pose the question whether an ANN algorithm with spectral preprocessing could be developed for global and local calibration models or whether PLS without spectral preprocessing should be developed for global calibration models. We suggest that global calibration models incorporating an ANN may be used as a universal calibration model.
文摘While we studied pharmacokinetics of SM-12502 which was under development as an anti-PAF agent, we found three subjects showing a slow metabolic phenotype in its pharmacokinetics. Analyzing the genes for CYP2A6 from the three subjects, we discovered that the three subjects possessed the whole CYP2A6 gene deletion (CYP2A6*4C), a novel genetic polymorphism of the CYP2A6 gene. Genetically engineered Salmonella YG7108 cells expressing human CYP2A6 or CYP2E1 together with the NADPH-CYP reductase were established in our laboratory to compare the mutagen-producing capacity of these enzymes for various N-nitrosamines. We found that CYP2E1 was responsible for the metabolic activation of N-nitrosamines with relatively short alkyl chains, whereas CYP2A6 was involved in the metabolic activation of N-nitrosamines possessing relatively bulky alkyl chains such as a tobacco-specific nitrosamine, NNK, which has been known to cause lung tumor in rodents. Thus, to examine a hypothesis that individuals possessing the CYP2A6*4C have the reduced risk of lung cancer due to the lack of the capacity of the metabolic activation of certain carcinogens in tobacco smoke, a case-control study was performed.
文摘The accretionary complex related to the Paleo-Tethys subduction was developed along western margin of the Indochina Block in northern Thailand. The provenance,source rock compositions,and sediment supply system of the accretionary
文摘Zagros orogen extends from the Turkish-Iranian border to NW,to the Makran area in SE.According to Geological Survey of Iran 100,000 series "Sureyan", "Saadatshahr","Abadeh-E-Tashk" and "Arsenjan",the Zagros orogen comprises the following sub-parallel tectonostratigraphic domains,from SW to
文摘A rich foraminiferal assemblage,consisting of abundant Aulotortus sinuosus and A.tumidus in association with Lamelliconus multispirus,Endoteba ex gr.controversa,E.ex gr.badouxi,Endotebanella kocaeliensis,Endotriada tyrrhenica,Endotriadella wirzi,Malayspirina fontainei,Ammobaculites rhaeticus,Diplotremina astrofimbriata,Agathammina austroalpina,and others,was found in the Doi Long Formation of the Triassic Lampang Group,Northern Thailand.These foraminifers suggest that the formation is referable to the Carnian(early Late Triassic),which is consistent with the age estimated by ammonoids.In microfacies,peloidal grainstone,bioclastic grainstone,sponge-microbial boundstone,and oolitic grainstone were recognized in the Doi Long Formation.Based on microfacies,three depositional facies,the lagoon facies,reef facies,and shoal facies,are recognized in this formation.These lines of evidence are suggestive that the Doi Long Formation was deposited in a reef or bank setting rather than a ramp setting.
文摘Tectonic subdivision of mainland Thailand has been discussed by means of Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratigraphy,micropaleontology represented by foraminiferal and radiolarian biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography,tectonic settings of granitoids,
文摘The Inthanon Zone of Northern Thailand,originally proposed by Barr and Macdonald(1991),is characterized by the occurrence of Paleo-Tethyan pelagic sediments including Carboniferous-Permian seamount-type carbonate associated with oceanic
