With the booming of Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and Artificial Intelligence(AI),the objective of the work in Cai et al.(2022)is to explore the utilizing of data-driven methodology for the prediction of the burs...With the booming of Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and Artificial Intelligence(AI),the objective of the work in Cai et al.(2022)is to explore the utilizing of data-driven methodology for the prediction of the burst strength of cor‐roded pipelines,which can hopefully overcome the com‐mon drawbacks of widely-used traditional Finite Element Method(FEM)and the needs of sufficient domain knowl‐edge.The authors in Cai et al.(2022)are not aiming to overthrow the functionality and beneficence introduced by physical-based methods and widely-used empirical/semi-emprical engineering expressions,such as the DNV standars(DNVGL,2017)in offshore engineering.展开更多
Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relati...Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relationship between research funding and citations of papers using 831,337 documents recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:The original results reveal general characteristics of the diffusion of science in research fields:a)Funded articles receive higher citations compared to unfunded papers in journals;b)Funded articles exhibit a super-linear growth in citations,surpassing the increase seen in unfunded articles.This finding reveals a higher diffusion of scientific knowledge in funded articles.Moreover,c)funded articles in both basic and applied sciences demonstrate a similar expected change in citations,equivalent to about 1.23%,when the number of funded papers increases by 1%in journals.This result suggests,for the first time,that funding effect of scientific research is an invariant driver,irrespective of the nature of the basic or applied sciences.Originality/value:This evidence suggests empirical laws of funding for scientific citations that explain the importance of robust funding mechanisms for achieving impactful research outcomes in science and society.These findings here also highlight that funding for scientific research is a critical driving force in supporting citations and the dissemination of scientific knowledge in recorded documents in both basic and applied sciences.Practical implications:This comprehensive result provides a holistic view of the relationship between funding and citation performance in science to guide policymakers and R&D managers with science policies by directing funding to research in promoting the scientific development and higher diffusion of results for the progress of human society.展开更多
Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-202...Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-2020 and the same relation in these research fields as a whole.Design/methodology/approach:This study utilizes a power law model to explore the relationship between research funding and citations of related papers.The study here analyzes 3,539 recorded documents by Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine and a broader dataset of 183,016 documents related to the fields of physics,medicine,and chemistry recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:Results reveal that in chemistry and medicine,funded researches published in papers of Nobel Laureates have higher citations than unfunded studies published in articles;vice versa high citations of Nobel Laureates in physics are for unfunded studies published in papers.Instead,when overall data of publications and citations in physics,chemistry and medicine are analyzed,all papers based on funded researches show higher citations than unfunded ones.Originality/value:Results clarify the driving role of research funding for science diffusion that are systematized in general properties:a)articles concerning funded researches receive more citations than(un)funded studies published in papers of physics,chemistry and medicine sciences,generating a high Matthew effect(a higher growth of citations with the increase in the number of papers);b)research funding increases the citations of articles in fields oriented to applied research(e.g.,chemistry and medicine)more than fields oriented towards basic research(e.g.,physics).Practical implications:The results here explain some characteristics of scientific development and diffusion,highlighting the critical role of research funding in fostering citations and the expansion of scientific knowledge.This finding can support decision-making of policymakers and R&D managers to improve the effectiveness in allocating financial resources in science policies to generate a higher positive scientific and societal impact.展开更多
The Information Technology at Home has caught the attention of various industries such as IT,Home Appliances,Communication,and Real Estate.Based on the information technology acceptance theories and family consumption...The Information Technology at Home has caught the attention of various industries such as IT,Home Appliances,Communication,and Real Estate.Based on the information technology acceptance theories and family consumption behaviors theories,this study summarized and analyzed four key belief variables i.e.Perceived Value,Perceived Risk,Perceived Cost and Perceived Ease of Use,which influence the acceptance of home information technology.The study also summaries three groups of external variables.They are social,industrial,and family influence factors.The social influence factors include Subjective Norm;the industry factors include the Unification of Home Information Technological Standards,the Perfection of Home Information Industry Value Chain,and the Competitiveness of Home Information Industry;and the family factors include Family Income,Family Life Cycle and Family Educational Level.The study discusses the relationship among these external variables and cognitive variables.The study provides Home Information Technology Acceptance Model based on the Technology Acceptance Model and the characteristics of home information technology consumption.展开更多
In this paper, we have demonstrated a facile and low-cost synthesis of the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites by two-step hydrothermal methods. The photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposites have been ...In this paper, we have demonstrated a facile and low-cost synthesis of the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites by two-step hydrothermal methods. The photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposites have been evaluated by the photodegradation of methylene blue(MB) and methyleneorange(MO) under UV irradiation. Experimental results show that MB and MO can be degraded completely within 15 and 25 min by the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites and its photodegradation rate is 6 times faster than that of pure ZnO. This enhanced photocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the low recombination probability of photo-induced carriers due to the efficient charge transfer in the nanocomposites. The as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposite may be a promising candidate for dye photodegradation of wastewaters.展开更多
The effects of optical sources with different laser linewidths on Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry （BOTDR） are investigated numerically and experimentally. Simulation results show that the spectral linewi...The effects of optical sources with different laser linewidths on Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry （BOTDR） are investigated numerically and experimentally. Simulation results show that the spectral linewidth of spontaneous Brillouin scattering remains almost constant when the laser linewidth is less than 1 MHz at the same pulse width; otherwise, it increases sharply. A comparison between a fiber laser （FL） with 4-kHz linewidth at 3 dB and a distributed feedback （DFB） laser with 3-MHz linewidth is made experimentally. When a constant laser power is launched into the sensing fiber, the fitting linewidths of the beat signals （backscattered Brillouin light and local oscillator （LO）） is about 5 MHz wider for the DFB laser than for the FL and the intensity of the beat signal is about a half. Furthermore, the frequency fluctuation in the long sensing fiber is lower for the FL source, yielding about 2 MHz less than that of the DFB laser, indicating higher temperature/strain resolution. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations.展开更多
In this paper, we study the Wigner function of coherent state of N components, especially two components and three components. This function consists of two terms： the Gaussian term and the interference term with the...In this paper, we study the Wigner function of coherent state of N components, especially two components and three components. This function consists of two terms： the Gaussian term and the interference term with the negativity. The first term comprises N Gaussian surfaces evenly centred on a circle of radius ｜β｜ = ｜α｜ with a separate angle of 2π/N, and the second term is composed of 1/2N（N - 1） Gaussian-cosine surfaces evenly centred in a circular region of radius ｜β｜ 〈 ｜α｜. Here, a is the eigenvalue of the annihilation operator α, and β is a variable in some complex space in which the Wigner function is defined. We have proved that the essential condition to eliminate the negativity of the Wigner function is that the mean photon count of the coherent state is equal to that of the Glouber coherent state.展开更多
A corrosion defect is recognized as one of the most severe phenomena for high-pressure pipelines,especially those served for a long time.Finite-element method and empirical formulas are thereby used for the strength p...A corrosion defect is recognized as one of the most severe phenomena for high-pressure pipelines,especially those served for a long time.Finite-element method and empirical formulas are thereby used for the strength prediction of such pipes with corrosion.However,it is time-consuming for finite-element method and there is a limited application range by using empirical formulas.In order to improve the prediction of strength,this paper investigates the burst pressure of line pipelines with a single corrosion defect subjected to internal pressure based on data-driven methods.Three supervised ML(machine learning)algorithms,including the ANN(artificial neural network),the SVM(support vector machine)and the LR(linear regression),are deployed to train models based on experimental data.Data analysis is first conducted to determine proper pipe features for training.Hyperparameter tuning to control the learning process is then performed to fit the best strength models for corroded pipelines.Among all the proposed data-driven models,the ANN model with three neural layers has the highest training accuracy,but also presents the largest variance.The SVM model provides both high training accuracy and high validation accuracy.The LR model has the best performance in terms of generalization ability.These models can be served as surrogate models by transfer learning with new coming data in future research,facilitating a sustainable and intelligent decision-making of corroded pipelines.展开更多
Supercapacitors are appealing energy storage devices for their promising features like high power density,outstanding cycling stability,and a quick charge–discharge cycle.The exceptional life cycle and ultimate power...Supercapacitors are appealing energy storage devices for their promising features like high power density,outstanding cycling stability,and a quick charge–discharge cycle.The exceptional life cycle and ultimate power capability of supercapacitors are needed in the transportation and renewable energy generation sectors.Hence,predicting the capacitance and lifecycle of supercapacitors is significant for selecting the suitable material and planning replacement intervals for supercapacitors.In addition,system failures can be better addressed by accurately forecasting the lifecycle of SCs.Recently,the use of machine learning for performance prediction of energy storage materials has drawn increasing attention from researchers globally because of its superiority in prediction accuracy,time efficiency,and costeffectiveness.This article presents a detailed review of the progress and advancement of ML techniques for the prediction of capacitance and remaining useful life(RUL)of supercapacitors.The review starts with an introduction to supercapacitor materials and ML applications in energy storage devices,followed by workflow for ML model building for supercapacitor materials.Then,the summary of machine learning applications for the prediction of capacitance and RUL of different supercapacitor materials including EDLCs(carbon based materials),pesudocapacitive(oxides and composites)and hybrid materials is presented.Finally,the general perspective for future directions is also presented.展开更多
Genetic transformation systems require protocols that allow regenerating transgenic plants from transformed tissues. This study aimed to establish a protocol for indirect organogenesis in leaf explants of a Eucalyptus...Genetic transformation systems require protocols that allow regenerating transgenic plants from transformed tissues. This study aimed to establish a protocol for indirect organogenesis in leaf explants of a Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla AEC 224 clone. During callogenesis stage, several concentrations of NAA and then NAA or 2,4-D combined with TDZ were tested in JADS culture medium for 30 days, followed by subculture of the explants in the regeneration medium, containing 5.0 μM BA and 0.5 μM NAA for another 30 days. In these media, the explant oxidation rate was high （95 %）. Thus, in order to reduce oxidation, different ;culture media were compared： WPM, MS, JADS and modified QL, followed by explant transfer onto regeneration medium. The highest percentage of regeneration and the lowest oxidation rate were achieved on WPM medium. Then, NAA and 2,4-D were tested in combination with TDZ and also TDZ and BA combined with NAA in WPM medium. The most efficient culture media in terms of shoot regeneration were WPM supplemented with 0.25 μM TDZ and 0.1μM NAA during 30 days for callus induction and then with 5.0 μM BA and 0.5 μM NAA for another 30 days. This protocol yielded a regeneration rate of 43 %, with a low oxidation of tissues. A rooting experiment was conducted using half strength MS medium and comparing three concentrations of IBA （2.46, 4.90 and 7.35μM）. The highest rooting percentage （35 %） was obtained on medium containing 2.46μM IBA. Once the shoots were rooted, acclimatization in a greenhouse was not challenging and plant survival reached 100 %.展开更多
In the framework of Regge phenomenology and meson meson mixing, this paper estimates the mass of isoscalar state （ss^-） of the 1^3D1 meson nonet, and the results given by two different approaches are 1735.51 ± ...In the framework of Regge phenomenology and meson meson mixing, this paper estimates the mass of isoscalar state （ss^-） of the 1^3D1 meson nonet, and the results given by two different approaches are 1735.51 ± 59MeV and 1730.29 ±46.SMeV.展开更多
This article presents a review on the physical-chemical properties and characteristics of plasma-chemically produced nanodispersed powders （NDP）, such as metals, oxides, nitrides, carbides, and catalysts. The plasma...This article presents a review on the physical-chemical properties and characteristics of plasma-chemically produced nanodispersed powders （NDP）, such as metals, oxides, nitrides, carbides, and catalysts. The plasma-chemical preparatior~ of the powders was carried out in thermal plasma （TP） created by means of high-current electric arcs, plasma jets, high-frequency （HF） discharges, etc. We also discuss certain properties and characteristics of the NDPs, which are determined largely by the conditions of preparation.展开更多
The synthesis of ceramics based on silicon nitride using nanopowders of TiN and Si3N4 as additives was studied. The ceramic compositions were pressurelessly sintered under ni- trogen atmosphere at different temperatur...The synthesis of ceramics based on silicon nitride using nanopowders of TiN and Si3N4 as additives was studied. The ceramic compositions were pressurelessly sintered under ni- trogen atmosphere at different temperatures （1550℃, 1650℃ and 1750℃） with a heating rate of 10℃/min and a holding time of 2 h. The nanodispersed nitrides （NDN） were produced by electric-arc plasma synthesis and characterized. The ceramic composites obtained with nanoparticles of 1wt% to 5wt% TiN and 20wt% Si3N4 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, atom force microscopy （AFM） and energy-dispersive spectrometry （EDX）. The effect of the addition of nanodispersed powders on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Si3N4 ceramics was investigated.展开更多
In the qq quark model, the states π（1300）, η（1295） and η（1475） are assigned as the 2^1S0 meson nonet. The mass of the isodoublet remains interesting and needs further confirmation in experiments. This paper e...In the qq quark model, the states π（1300）, η（1295） and η（1475） are assigned as the 2^1S0 meson nonet. The mass of the isodoublet remains interesting and needs further confirmation in experiments. This paper employs the phenomenological trajectory on the （N, M^2）-plot and meson meson mixing methods to calculate the mass of this state, the calculated results are 1341 MeV and 1311.58 ± 59 MeV respectively. These predictions can be compared with experiments in the future.展开更多
Industry design standards such as BS 7910 deployed some empirical formulas for the prediction of stress intensity factor(SIF) based on simulation results from traditional finite element method(FEM).However,such FEM si...Industry design standards such as BS 7910 deployed some empirical formulas for the prediction of stress intensity factor(SIF) based on simulation results from traditional finite element method(FEM).However,such FEM simulation occasionally failed to convince people due to the large discrepancies compared with engineering practice.As a consequence,inaccuracy predictions via such formulas in engineering standards inevitably occur,which will compromise the safety of structures.In our previous research work,an abnormal phenomenon of SIF in a cracked T-butt joint accounting for welding effect has been observed.Compared with BS 7910,the calculation results of SIF at the surface points of welded specimens cannot be well predicted,with a large discrepancy appearing.In order to explore such problem with an abnormal increase at the surface points of cracked welded specimens,a numerical investigation in terms of SIF among BS 7910,XFEM,and FEM is performed in this paper.Numerical models on both a simple cracked plate without welding effect and a cracked T-butt joint with welding effect are developed through ABAQUS.Parametric studies in terms of the effects of varied crack depth to thickness ratio(a/T) and the effects of crack depth to crack half-length ratio(a/c) are carried out.Empirical solutions from BS 7910 are used for comparison.It is found that the XFEM can provide predictions of SIF at both the crack deepest point and crack surface point of a simple cracked plate as accurate as FEM.For a T-butt joint with a transverse stiffener,a large discrepancy in terms of the weld magnification factors(Mk) occurs at the crack surface point compared with empirical predictions.An exceptional increase of von Mises stress gradient in regions close to the weld-toe is found through the simulation of FEM,whereas a constant stress gradient is obtained through XFEM.The comparison results indicate an inappropriate prediction of SIF by the utilization of the empirical formulas in BS 7910.A more reasonable prediction of the SIF at the surface point of a crack is obtained by the XFEM.Therefore,further updating of the empirical solutions in BS7910 for SIF accounting for welding effect is recommended.展开更多
We study cooperation between the airline and high-speed rail(HSR) sectors by formulating their joint profit as a maximization problem using a multinomial logit choice model in a three-node setting. We allow the nonpur...We study cooperation between the airline and high-speed rail(HSR) sectors by formulating their joint profit as a maximization problem using a multinomial logit choice model in a three-node setting. We allow the nonpurchase option as an outside option available to consumers. The demand for each choice is not only a function of the price but also the service quality, such as the total trip time, frequency of service, and ease of connecting from the hub to a nearby HSR station. As a result, the following findings are presented. First, regardless of the service quality of either sector and the non-purchase option,cooperation decreases the total volume of the domestic market of a country. Second, when the attractiveness of the outside option is high, the HSR and air sectors can prevent a large reduction in the total volume by cooperation in the connecting market. However, this is not the case in the domestic market. Third, if the non-purchase quality in the domestic market is high, then cooperation increases the social welfare of the whole market. If the non-purchase quality is low, then cooperation increases the welfare of the whole market only in cases where the number of potential customers in the connecting market is relatively large. We also show the effect of improving air–rail service quality on each market share and on the total profit.展开更多
Inserting the masses of some states, which have been established in the experiments or the theory of lattice QCD, we investigate the mass of the isodoublet of the 2^3S1 meson nonet. The agreement results, 1567 ± ...Inserting the masses of some states, which have been established in the experiments or the theory of lattice QCD, we investigate the mass of the isodoublet of the 2^3S1 meson nonet. The agreement results, 1567 ± 22.6 MeV and 1576.8 MeV, are given by two different approaches. We suggest that the assignment of 2^3S1 meson nonet should be re-examined in future experiments.展开更多
Biochemical technique was used to separate three kinds of proteins (albumin, globulin and gliadin) in corn samples froin high selenium areas and normal areas in Erxi autonomous region of Hubei Province, China. The con...Biochemical technique was used to separate three kinds of proteins (albumin, globulin and gliadin) in corn samples froin high selenium areas and normal areas in Erxi autonomous region of Hubei Province, China. The contents of Se and other elements in these proteins were determined by neutron activation analysis (NAA). The results show that Se is enriched in corn proteins at high selenium area, while Cu, Al, Mn, V and Cl are also enriched in varying degrees.展开更多
In this paper, the equilibrium geometry, harmonic frequency and dissociation energy of S2^- and S3^- have been calculated at QCISD/6-311＋＋G（3d2f） and B3P86/6-311＋＋G（3d2f） level. The S2^- ground state is of 2II...In this paper, the equilibrium geometry, harmonic frequency and dissociation energy of S2^- and S3^- have been calculated at QCISD/6-311＋＋G（3d2f） and B3P86/6-311＋＋G（3d2f） level. The S2^- ground state is of 2IIg, the S3^- ground state is of 2B1 and S3^- has a bent （C2v） structure with an angle of 115.65° The results are in good agreement with these reported in other literature. For S3^- ion, the vibration frequencies and the force constants have also been calculated. Base on the general principles of microscopic reversibility, the dissociation limits has been deduced. The Murrell-Sorbie potential energy function for S2^- has been derived according to the ab initio data through the least- squares fitting. The force constants and spectroscopic data for S2^- have been calculated, then compared with other theoretical data. The analytical potential energy function of S3^- have been obtained based on the many-body expansion theory. The structure and energy can correctly reappear on the potential surface.展开更多
Based on the meson-meson mixing and Regge trajectory, this paper establishes the mass relations which can describe the mass spectrum of 1^1 P1 meson state. Using these mass relations, it obtains the mass of K1B, hi （...Based on the meson-meson mixing and Regge trajectory, this paper establishes the mass relations which can describe the mass spectrum of 1^1 P1 meson state. Using these mass relations, it obtains the mass of K1B, hi （1380） and hc（1P） to be 1358.5MeV, 1468 MeV and 3543.9 MeV, respectively. The results are compared with other theoretical results and should be tested by experiments in the future.展开更多
文摘With the booming of Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and Artificial Intelligence(AI),the objective of the work in Cai et al.(2022)is to explore the utilizing of data-driven methodology for the prediction of the burst strength of cor‐roded pipelines,which can hopefully overcome the com‐mon drawbacks of widely-used traditional Finite Element Method(FEM)and the needs of sufficient domain knowl‐edge.The authors in Cai et al.(2022)are not aiming to overthrow the functionality and beneficence introduced by physical-based methods and widely-used empirical/semi-emprical engineering expressions,such as the DNV standars(DNVGL,2017)in offshore engineering.
文摘Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relationship between research funding and citations of papers using 831,337 documents recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:The original results reveal general characteristics of the diffusion of science in research fields:a)Funded articles receive higher citations compared to unfunded papers in journals;b)Funded articles exhibit a super-linear growth in citations,surpassing the increase seen in unfunded articles.This finding reveals a higher diffusion of scientific knowledge in funded articles.Moreover,c)funded articles in both basic and applied sciences demonstrate a similar expected change in citations,equivalent to about 1.23%,when the number of funded papers increases by 1%in journals.This result suggests,for the first time,that funding effect of scientific research is an invariant driver,irrespective of the nature of the basic or applied sciences.Originality/value:This evidence suggests empirical laws of funding for scientific citations that explain the importance of robust funding mechanisms for achieving impactful research outcomes in science and society.These findings here also highlight that funding for scientific research is a critical driving force in supporting citations and the dissemination of scientific knowledge in recorded documents in both basic and applied sciences.Practical implications:This comprehensive result provides a holistic view of the relationship between funding and citation performance in science to guide policymakers and R&D managers with science policies by directing funding to research in promoting the scientific development and higher diffusion of results for the progress of human society.
文摘Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-2020 and the same relation in these research fields as a whole.Design/methodology/approach:This study utilizes a power law model to explore the relationship between research funding and citations of related papers.The study here analyzes 3,539 recorded documents by Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine and a broader dataset of 183,016 documents related to the fields of physics,medicine,and chemistry recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:Results reveal that in chemistry and medicine,funded researches published in papers of Nobel Laureates have higher citations than unfunded studies published in articles;vice versa high citations of Nobel Laureates in physics are for unfunded studies published in papers.Instead,when overall data of publications and citations in physics,chemistry and medicine are analyzed,all papers based on funded researches show higher citations than unfunded ones.Originality/value:Results clarify the driving role of research funding for science diffusion that are systematized in general properties:a)articles concerning funded researches receive more citations than(un)funded studies published in papers of physics,chemistry and medicine sciences,generating a high Matthew effect(a higher growth of citations with the increase in the number of papers);b)research funding increases the citations of articles in fields oriented to applied research(e.g.,chemistry and medicine)more than fields oriented towards basic research(e.g.,physics).Practical implications:The results here explain some characteristics of scientific development and diffusion,highlighting the critical role of research funding in fostering citations and the expansion of scientific knowledge.This finding can support decision-making of policymakers and R&D managers to improve the effectiveness in allocating financial resources in science policies to generate a higher positive scientific and societal impact.
文摘The Information Technology at Home has caught the attention of various industries such as IT,Home Appliances,Communication,and Real Estate.Based on the information technology acceptance theories and family consumption behaviors theories,this study summarized and analyzed four key belief variables i.e.Perceived Value,Perceived Risk,Perceived Cost and Perceived Ease of Use,which influence the acceptance of home information technology.The study also summaries three groups of external variables.They are social,industrial,and family influence factors.The social influence factors include Subjective Norm;the industry factors include the Unification of Home Information Technological Standards,the Perfection of Home Information Industry Value Chain,and the Competitiveness of Home Information Industry;and the family factors include Family Income,Family Life Cycle and Family Educational Level.The study discusses the relationship among these external variables and cognitive variables.The study provides Home Information Technology Acceptance Model based on the Technology Acceptance Model and the characteristics of home information technology consumption.
基金support from the National Natural Science and Henan Province United Foundation of China (No. U1204601)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (No. 122300410298)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Education Department of Henan Province (No. 13A480365)PhD Foundation of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry (No. 2010BSJJ029)
文摘In this paper, we have demonstrated a facile and low-cost synthesis of the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites by two-step hydrothermal methods. The photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposites have been evaluated by the photodegradation of methylene blue(MB) and methyleneorange(MO) under UV irradiation. Experimental results show that MB and MO can be degraded completely within 15 and 25 min by the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites and its photodegradation rate is 6 times faster than that of pure ZnO. This enhanced photocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the low recombination probability of photo-induced carriers due to the efficient charge transfer in the nanocomposites. The as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposite may be a promising candidate for dye photodegradation of wastewaters.
基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2012AA041203)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China(Grant No.13XD1425400)the Pudong New Area Science and Technology Development Fund,China(Grant No.PKJ2012-D04)
文摘The effects of optical sources with different laser linewidths on Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry （BOTDR） are investigated numerically and experimentally. Simulation results show that the spectral linewidth of spontaneous Brillouin scattering remains almost constant when the laser linewidth is less than 1 MHz at the same pulse width; otherwise, it increases sharply. A comparison between a fiber laser （FL） with 4-kHz linewidth at 3 dB and a distributed feedback （DFB） laser with 3-MHz linewidth is made experimentally. When a constant laser power is launched into the sensing fiber, the fitting linewidths of the beat signals （backscattered Brillouin light and local oscillator （LO）） is about 5 MHz wider for the DFB laser than for the FL and the intensity of the beat signal is about a half. Furthermore, the frequency fluctuation in the long sensing fiber is lower for the FL source, yielding about 2 MHz less than that of the DFB laser, indicating higher temperature/strain resolution. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations.
文摘In this paper, we study the Wigner function of coherent state of N components, especially two components and three components. This function consists of two terms： the Gaussian term and the interference term with the negativity. The first term comprises N Gaussian surfaces evenly centred on a circle of radius ｜β｜ = ｜α｜ with a separate angle of 2π/N, and the second term is composed of 1/2N（N - 1） Gaussian-cosine surfaces evenly centred in a circular region of radius ｜β｜ 〈 ｜α｜. Here, a is the eigenvalue of the annihilation operator α, and β is a variable in some complex space in which the Wigner function is defined. We have proved that the essential condition to eliminate the negativity of the Wigner function is that the mean photon count of the coherent state is equal to that of the Glouber coherent state.
文摘A corrosion defect is recognized as one of the most severe phenomena for high-pressure pipelines,especially those served for a long time.Finite-element method and empirical formulas are thereby used for the strength prediction of such pipes with corrosion.However,it is time-consuming for finite-element method and there is a limited application range by using empirical formulas.In order to improve the prediction of strength,this paper investigates the burst pressure of line pipelines with a single corrosion defect subjected to internal pressure based on data-driven methods.Three supervised ML(machine learning)algorithms,including the ANN(artificial neural network),the SVM(support vector machine)and the LR(linear regression),are deployed to train models based on experimental data.Data analysis is first conducted to determine proper pipe features for training.Hyperparameter tuning to control the learning process is then performed to fit the best strength models for corroded pipelines.Among all the proposed data-driven models,the ANN model with three neural layers has the highest training accuracy,but also presents the largest variance.The SVM model provides both high training accuracy and high validation accuracy.The LR model has the best performance in terms of generalization ability.These models can be served as surrogate models by transfer learning with new coming data in future research,facilitating a sustainable and intelligent decision-making of corroded pipelines.
基金Shivaji University,Kolhapur for financial assistance through Research Strengthening Scheme。
文摘Supercapacitors are appealing energy storage devices for their promising features like high power density,outstanding cycling stability,and a quick charge–discharge cycle.The exceptional life cycle and ultimate power capability of supercapacitors are needed in the transportation and renewable energy generation sectors.Hence,predicting the capacitance and lifecycle of supercapacitors is significant for selecting the suitable material and planning replacement intervals for supercapacitors.In addition,system failures can be better addressed by accurately forecasting the lifecycle of SCs.Recently,the use of machine learning for performance prediction of energy storage materials has drawn increasing attention from researchers globally because of its superiority in prediction accuracy,time efficiency,and costeffectiveness.This article presents a detailed review of the progress and advancement of ML techniques for the prediction of capacitance and remaining useful life(RUL)of supercapacitors.The review starts with an introduction to supercapacitor materials and ML applications in energy storage devices,followed by workflow for ML model building for supercapacitor materials.Then,the summary of machine learning applications for the prediction of capacitance and RUL of different supercapacitor materials including EDLCs(carbon based materials),pesudocapacitive(oxides and composites)and hybrid materials is presented.Finally,the general perspective for future directions is also presented.
基金financially supported by CAPES and Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária(Embrapa,Brazil)
文摘Genetic transformation systems require protocols that allow regenerating transgenic plants from transformed tissues. This study aimed to establish a protocol for indirect organogenesis in leaf explants of a Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla AEC 224 clone. During callogenesis stage, several concentrations of NAA and then NAA or 2,4-D combined with TDZ were tested in JADS culture medium for 30 days, followed by subculture of the explants in the regeneration medium, containing 5.0 μM BA and 0.5 μM NAA for another 30 days. In these media, the explant oxidation rate was high （95 %）. Thus, in order to reduce oxidation, different ;culture media were compared： WPM, MS, JADS and modified QL, followed by explant transfer onto regeneration medium. The highest percentage of regeneration and the lowest oxidation rate were achieved on WPM medium. Then, NAA and 2,4-D were tested in combination with TDZ and also TDZ and BA combined with NAA in WPM medium. The most efficient culture media in terms of shoot regeneration were WPM supplemented with 0.25 μM TDZ and 0.1μM NAA during 30 days for callus induction and then with 5.0 μM BA and 0.5 μM NAA for another 30 days. This protocol yielded a regeneration rate of 43 %, with a low oxidation of tissues. A rooting experiment was conducted using half strength MS medium and comparing three concentrations of IBA （2.46, 4.90 and 7.35μM）. The highest rooting percentage （35 %） was obtained on medium containing 2.46μM IBA. Once the shoots were rooted, acclimatization in a greenhouse was not challenging and plant survival reached 100 %.
文摘In the framework of Regge phenomenology and meson meson mixing, this paper estimates the mass of isoscalar state （ss^-） of the 1^3D1 meson nonet, and the results given by two different approaches are 1735.51 ± 59MeV and 1730.29 ±46.SMeV.
文摘This article presents a review on the physical-chemical properties and characteristics of plasma-chemically produced nanodispersed powders （NDP）, such as metals, oxides, nitrides, carbides, and catalysts. The plasma-chemical preparatior~ of the powders was carried out in thermal plasma （TP） created by means of high-current electric arcs, plasma jets, high-frequency （HF） discharges, etc. We also discuss certain properties and characteristics of the NDPs, which are determined largely by the conditions of preparation.
文摘The synthesis of ceramics based on silicon nitride using nanopowders of TiN and Si3N4 as additives was studied. The ceramic compositions were pressurelessly sintered under ni- trogen atmosphere at different temperatures （1550℃, 1650℃ and 1750℃） with a heating rate of 10℃/min and a holding time of 2 h. The nanodispersed nitrides （NDN） were produced by electric-arc plasma synthesis and characterized. The ceramic composites obtained with nanoparticles of 1wt% to 5wt% TiN and 20wt% Si3N4 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, atom force microscopy （AFM） and energy-dispersive spectrometry （EDX）. The effect of the addition of nanodispersed powders on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Si3N4 ceramics was investigated.
文摘In the qq quark model, the states π（1300）, η（1295） and η（1475） are assigned as the 2^1S0 meson nonet. The mass of the isodoublet remains interesting and needs further confirmation in experiments. This paper employs the phenomenological trajectory on the （N, M^2）-plot and meson meson mixing methods to calculate the mass of this state, the calculated results are 1341 MeV and 1311.58 ± 59 MeV respectively. These predictions can be compared with experiments in the future.
文摘Industry design standards such as BS 7910 deployed some empirical formulas for the prediction of stress intensity factor(SIF) based on simulation results from traditional finite element method(FEM).However,such FEM simulation occasionally failed to convince people due to the large discrepancies compared with engineering practice.As a consequence,inaccuracy predictions via such formulas in engineering standards inevitably occur,which will compromise the safety of structures.In our previous research work,an abnormal phenomenon of SIF in a cracked T-butt joint accounting for welding effect has been observed.Compared with BS 7910,the calculation results of SIF at the surface points of welded specimens cannot be well predicted,with a large discrepancy appearing.In order to explore such problem with an abnormal increase at the surface points of cracked welded specimens,a numerical investigation in terms of SIF among BS 7910,XFEM,and FEM is performed in this paper.Numerical models on both a simple cracked plate without welding effect and a cracked T-butt joint with welding effect are developed through ABAQUS.Parametric studies in terms of the effects of varied crack depth to thickness ratio(a/T) and the effects of crack depth to crack half-length ratio(a/c) are carried out.Empirical solutions from BS 7910 are used for comparison.It is found that the XFEM can provide predictions of SIF at both the crack deepest point and crack surface point of a simple cracked plate as accurate as FEM.For a T-butt joint with a transverse stiffener,a large discrepancy in terms of the weld magnification factors(Mk) occurs at the crack surface point compared with empirical predictions.An exceptional increase of von Mises stress gradient in regions close to the weld-toe is found through the simulation of FEM,whereas a constant stress gradient is obtained through XFEM.The comparison results indicate an inappropriate prediction of SIF by the utilization of the empirical formulas in BS 7910.A more reasonable prediction of the SIF at the surface point of a crack is obtained by the XFEM.Therefore,further updating of the empirical solutions in BS7910 for SIF accounting for welding effect is recommended.
基金funding support from a JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) (26870643)funding support from a JSPS fellowship in 2013–2014 during his sabbatical at the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies,Japan
文摘We study cooperation between the airline and high-speed rail(HSR) sectors by formulating their joint profit as a maximization problem using a multinomial logit choice model in a three-node setting. We allow the nonpurchase option as an outside option available to consumers. The demand for each choice is not only a function of the price but also the service quality, such as the total trip time, frequency of service, and ease of connecting from the hub to a nearby HSR station. As a result, the following findings are presented. First, regardless of the service quality of either sector and the non-purchase option,cooperation decreases the total volume of the domestic market of a country. Second, when the attractiveness of the outside option is high, the HSR and air sectors can prevent a large reduction in the total volume by cooperation in the connecting market. However, this is not the case in the domestic market. Third, if the non-purchase quality in the domestic market is high, then cooperation increases the social welfare of the whole market. If the non-purchase quality is low, then cooperation increases the welfare of the whole market only in cases where the number of potential customers in the connecting market is relatively large. We also show the effect of improving air–rail service quality on each market share and on the total profit.
文摘Inserting the masses of some states, which have been established in the experiments or the theory of lattice QCD, we investigate the mass of the isodoublet of the 2^3S1 meson nonet. The agreement results, 1567 ± 22.6 MeV and 1576.8 MeV, are given by two different approaches. We suggest that the assignment of 2^3S1 meson nonet should be re-examined in future experiments.
文摘Biochemical technique was used to separate three kinds of proteins (albumin, globulin and gliadin) in corn samples froin high selenium areas and normal areas in Erxi autonomous region of Hubei Province, China. The contents of Se and other elements in these proteins were determined by neutron activation analysis (NAA). The results show that Se is enriched in corn proteins at high selenium area, while Cu, Al, Mn, V and Cl are also enriched in varying degrees.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No 10574039）,the Key Program of Science and Technology Research of Education Ministry, China （Grant No 206084）, Innovation Talents of Institution of Higher Education of Henan Province, China （Grant No 2006KYCX002）, the Natural Science Foundation of Education Bureau of Henan Province, China （Grant No 200510476004）.
文摘In this paper, the equilibrium geometry, harmonic frequency and dissociation energy of S2^- and S3^- have been calculated at QCISD/6-311＋＋G（3d2f） and B3P86/6-311＋＋G（3d2f） level. The S2^- ground state is of 2IIg, the S3^- ground state is of 2B1 and S3^- has a bent （C2v） structure with an angle of 115.65° The results are in good agreement with these reported in other literature. For S3^- ion, the vibration frequencies and the force constants have also been calculated. Base on the general principles of microscopic reversibility, the dissociation limits has been deduced. The Murrell-Sorbie potential energy function for S2^- has been derived according to the ab initio data through the least- squares fitting. The force constants and spectroscopic data for S2^- have been calculated, then compared with other theoretical data. The analytical potential energy function of S3^- have been obtained based on the many-body expansion theory. The structure and energy can correctly reappear on the potential surface.
文摘Based on the meson-meson mixing and Regge trajectory, this paper establishes the mass relations which can describe the mass spectrum of 1^1 P1 meson state. Using these mass relations, it obtains the mass of K1B, hi （1380） and hc（1P） to be 1358.5MeV, 1468 MeV and 3543.9 MeV, respectively. The results are compared with other theoretical results and should be tested by experiments in the future.
