The synchronous monitoring of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen levels plays a pivotal role in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.This study introduces a novel noninvasive device uti...The synchronous monitoring of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen levels plays a pivotal role in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.This study introduces a novel noninvasive device utilizing inductive sensing and near-infrared spectroscopy technology to facilitate simultaneous monitoring of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen levels.The device consists of modules for cerebral blood flow monitoring,cerebral blood oxygen monitoring,control,communication,and a host machine.Through experiments conducted on healthy subjects,it was confirmed that the device can effectively achieve synchronous monitoring and recording of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen signals.The results demonstrate the device’s capability to accurately measure these signals simultaneously.This technology enables dynamic monitoring of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen signals with potential clinical applications in preventing,diagnosing,treating cerebrovascular diseases while reducing their associated harm.展开更多
Translesion DNA synthesis(TLS)can bypass DNA lesions caused by chemotherapeutic drugs,which usually result in drug resistance.Given its key role in mutagenesis and cell survival after DNA damage,inhibition of the TLS ...Translesion DNA synthesis(TLS)can bypass DNA lesions caused by chemotherapeutic drugs,which usually result in drug resistance.Given its key role in mutagenesis and cell survival after DNA damage,inhibition of the TLS pathway has emerged as a potential target for improving the efficacy of DNA-damaging agents such as cisplatin(CDDP),a widely used anticancer agent.Unfortunately,few suitable natural TLS inhibitors have been reported.Here,we found that a triterpenoid compound Ganoboninketal C(26-3)from Ganoderma boninense,a traditional Chinese medicine,can impair CDDP-induced TLS polymerase eta(Polη)focus formation,PCNA monoubiquitination as well as mutagenesis.Moreover,26-3 can significantly sensitize tumor cells to CDDP killing and reduce the proportion of cancer stem cells in AGS and promote apoptosis after CDDP exposure.Interestingly,26-3 can also sensitize tumor cells to Gefitinib therapy.Mechanistically,through RNA-seq analysis,we found that 26-3 could abrogate the CDDP-induced upregulation of Polηand PIDD(p53-induced protein with a death domain),2 known factors promoting TLS pathway.Furthermore,we found that activating transcription factor 3 is a potential novel TLS modulator.Taken together,we have identified a natural TLS inhibitor 26-3,which can be potentially used as an adjuvant to improve clinical efficacy.展开更多
Obesity-induced insulin resistance is the hallmark of metabolic syndrome,and chronic,low-grade tissue inflammation links obesity to insulin resistance through the activation of tissue-infiltrating immune cells.Current...Obesity-induced insulin resistance is the hallmark of metabolic syndrome,and chronic,low-grade tissue inflammation links obesity to insulin resistance through the activation of tissue-infiltrating immune cells.Current therapeutic approaches lack efficacy and immunomodulatory capacity.Thus,a new therapeutic approach is needed to prevent chronic inflammation and alleviate insulin resistance.Here,we synthesized a tetrahedral framework nucleic acid(tFNA)nanoparticle that carried resveratrol(RSV)to inhibit tissue inflammation and improve insulin sensitivity in obese mice.The prepared nanoparticles,namely tFNAs-RSV,possessed the characteristics of simple synthesis,stable properties,good water solubility,and superior biocompatibility.The tFNA-based delivery ameliorated the lability of RSV and enhanced its therapeutic efficacy.In high-fat diet(HFD)-fed mice,the administration of tFNAs-RSV ameliorated insulin resistance by alleviating inflammation status.tFNAs-RSV could reverse M1 phenotype macrophages in tissues to M2 phenotype macrophages.As for adaptive immunity,the prepared nanoparticles could repress the activation of Th1 and Th17 and promote Th2 and Treg,leading to the alleviation of insulin resistance.Furthermore,this study is the first to demonstrate that tFNAs,a nucleic acid material,possess immunomodulatory capacity.Collectively,our findings demonstrate that tFNAs-RSV alleviate insulin resistance and ameliorate inflammation in HFD mice,suggesting that nucleic acid materials or nucleic acid-based delivery systems may be a potential agent for the treatment of insulin resistance and obesity-related metabolic diseases.展开更多
Cutting-edge heat spreaders for soft and planar electronics require not only high thermal conductivity and a certain degree of flexibility but also remarkable self-adhesion without thermal interface materials, elastic...Cutting-edge heat spreaders for soft and planar electronics require not only high thermal conductivity and a certain degree of flexibility but also remarkable self-adhesion without thermal interface materials, elasticity, arbitrary elongation along with soft devices, and smart properties involving thermal self-healing, thermochromism and so on. Nacre-like composites with excellent in-plane heat dissipation are ideal as heat spreaders for thin and planar electronics. However, the intrinsically poor viscoelasticity, i.e., adhesion and elasticity, prevents them from simultaneous self-adhesion and arbitrary elongation along with current flexible devices as well as incurring high interfacial thermal impedance. In this paper, we propose a soft thermochromic composite(STC) membrane with a layered structure, considerable stretchability, high in-plane thermal conductivity(~30 Wm^(-1) K^(-1)), low thermal contact resistance(~12 mm^2 KW^(-1), 4–5 times lower than that of silver paste), strong yet sustainable adhesion forces(~4607 Jm^(-2), 2220 Jm^(-2) greater than that of epoxy paste) and self-healing efficiency. As a self-adhesive heat spreader, it implements efficient cooling of various soft electronics with a temperature drop of 20℃ than the polyimide case. In addition to its self-healing function, the chameleon-like behavior of STC facilitates temperature monitoring by the naked eye, hence enabling smart thermal management.展开更多
Diffraction-enhanced imaging （DEI） is a powerful phase-sensitive technique that provides higher spatial resolution and supercontrast of weakly absorbing objects than conventional radiography. It derives contrast fro...Diffraction-enhanced imaging （DEI） is a powerful phase-sensitive technique that provides higher spatial resolution and supercontrast of weakly absorbing objects than conventional radiography. It derives contrast from the X-ray absorption, refraction, and ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering （USAXS） properties of an object. The separation of different-contrast contributions from images is an important issue for the potential application of DEI. In this paper, an improved DEI （IDEI） method is proposed based on the Gaussian curve fitting of the rocking curve （RC）. Utilizing only three input images, the IDEI method can accurately separate the absorption, refraction, and USAXS contrasts produced by the object. The IDEI method can therefore be viewed as an improvement to the extended DEI （EDEI） method. In contrast, the IDEI method can circumvent the limitations of the EDEI method well since it does not impose a Taylor approximation on the RC. Additionally, analysis of the IDEI model errors is performed to further investigate the factors that lead to the image artifacts, and finally validation studies are conducted using computer simulation and synchrotron experimental data.展开更多
In-line phase-contrast computed tomography（IL-PC-CT） imaging is a new physical and biochemical imaging method.IL-PC-CT has advantages compared to absorption CT when imaging soft tissues. In practical applications, r...In-line phase-contrast computed tomography（IL-PC-CT） imaging is a new physical and biochemical imaging method.IL-PC-CT has advantages compared to absorption CT when imaging soft tissues. In practical applications, ring artifacts which will reduce the image quality are commonly encountered in IL-PC-CT, and numerous correction methods exist to either pre-process the sinogram or post-process the reconstructed image. In this study, we develop an IL-PC-CT reconstruction method based on anisotropic total variation（TV） minimization. Using this method, the ring artifacts are corrected during the reconstruction process. This method is compared with two methods： a sinogram preprocessing correction technique based on wavelet-FFT filter and a reconstruction method based on isotropic TV. The correction results show that the proposed method can reduce visible ring artifacts while preserving the liver section details for real liver section synchrotron data.展开更多
Correction to:Nano‑Micro Lett.(2021)13:86 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00614-6 The Nano-Micro Letters(2021)13:86,article by Li et al.,entitled“Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid‐Based Delivery of Resveratrol A...Correction to:Nano‑Micro Lett.(2021)13:86 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00614-6 The Nano-Micro Letters(2021)13:86,article by Li et al.,entitled“Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid‐Based Delivery of Resveratrol Alleviates Insulin Resistance:From Innate to Adaptive Immunity”(Nano-Micro Lett.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00614-6),was published online 06 March,2020,with errors.展开更多
In this study, the density of metastable He2* in an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet operating in helium with 0.001% nitrogen has been measured using an auxiliary measuring electrode technique.In the glow discharge mod...In this study, the density of metastable He2* in an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet operating in helium with 0.001% nitrogen has been measured using an auxiliary measuring electrode technique.In the glow discharge mode, waveforms from two grounding electrodes, including one main discharge electrode and one auxiliary electrode, are captured.The isolated current peak formed by Penning ionization in waveforms from the auxiliary measuring electrode is identified to calculate the density of metastable He2*.In our discharge environment, the helium metastable densities along the jet axis direction are between 2.26×1013 and 1.74×1013 cm-3,which is in good agreement with the results measured by other techniques.This measurement technique can be conveniently applied to the diagnosis of metastable He2* in an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet array.展开更多
We investigate the transfer of phosphorescent energy between co-assembled metallophosphors in crystalline nanostructures [Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 57 7820(2018) and J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140 4269(2018)]. Neither Dexter's...We investigate the transfer of phosphorescent energy between co-assembled metallophosphors in crystalline nanostructures [Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 57 7820(2018) and J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140 4269(2018)]. Neither Dexter's nor Forster's mechanism of resonance energy transfer(RET) could account fully for the observed rates, which exceed 85% with significant temperature dependence. But there exists an alternative pathway on RET mediated by intermediate states of resonantly confined exciton–polaritons. Such a mechanism was used to analyze artificial photosynthesis in organic fluorescents [Phys.Rev. Lett. 122 257402(2019)]. For metallophosphors, the confined modes act as extended states lying between the molecular S_(1) and T_(1) states, offering a bridge for the long-lived T_(1) excitons to migrate from donors to acceptors. Population dynamics with parameters taken entirely based on experiments fits the observed lifetimes of phosphorescence across a broad range of doping and temperature.展开更多
Transmembrane water exchange(TWE)including transcytolemmal water exchange and transvascular water exchange is involved in many in vivo measurements and makes different contributions to the measuring results.In this st...Transmembrane water exchange(TWE)including transcytolemmal water exchange and transvascular water exchange is involved in many in vivo measurements and makes different contributions to the measuring results.In this study,we focus on the potential influence of TWE on the cell density parameter,intracellular water mole fraction pi,derived by dynamic contrast enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)which has been reported as a technique to characterize perfusion and vascularization of tissues,but its accuracy in measuring cell density(or interstitial space)has been questioned.Sixteen patients with glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)were enrolled since GBM shows strong intratumor heterogeneity in both cell density and TWE.All the subjects were collected with DCE-MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)map.The latter was considered as a valid surrogate of cell density.Extended Tofts(eTofts)model considering TWE as infinitely large variables and shutter-speed model(SSM)considering TWE as finite ones were used to fit DCE-MRI data.Monte Carlo(MC)and finite difference(FD)methods were used to simulate the influence of TWE on DCE-MRI-derived pi and ADC,respectively.The eTofts model shows a significant overestimation of pi in comparison with SSM in GBM(P<0.001),which is in accordance with MC simulations,and this overestimation shows dependence on the intra-to-extracellular water exchange rate constant(kio).Significant negative correlations between ADC and SSM-derived pi were found in both voxel-wise analyses(t-test P<0.001,average r=-0.74)and inter-subject comparisons(r=-0.63,P=0.009).But no consistent voxel-wise correlations(P>0.05)and a weaker inter-subject negative correlation(r=-0.56,P=0.02)were found between ADC and eTofts-derived pi.Further experimental and FD results revealed that kio made a limited contribution to ADC values in the physiological kio range in GBM,supporting ADC as a valid biomarker of cell density.These results suggest that the DCE-MRI pharmacokinetic shutter-speed model could significantly improve its accuracy in cell density estimation because of the considering transmembrane water exchange.展开更多
The Stratonovich stochastic differential equation is used to analyze genotype selection in the presence ot correlatecl Gaussian white noises. We study the steady state properties of the genotype selection and discuss ...The Stratonovich stochastic differential equation is used to analyze genotype selection in the presence ot correlatecl Gaussian white noises. We study the steady state properties of the genotype selection and discuss the effects of the correlated noises. It is found that the degree of correlation of the noises can be used to select one type of genes from another type of mixing genes. The strong selection of genes caused by a large value of multiplicative noise intensity can be weakened by the intensive negative correlation.展开更多
We examine an amorphous oxide semiconductor(AOS)of ZnRhCuO.The a-ZnRhCuO films are deposited at room temperature,having a high amorphous quality with smooth surface,uniform thickness and evenly distributed elements,as...We examine an amorphous oxide semiconductor(AOS)of ZnRhCuO.The a-ZnRhCuO films are deposited at room temperature,having a high amorphous quality with smooth surface,uniform thickness and evenly distributed elements,as well as a high visible transmittance above 87%with a wide bandgap of 3.12 eV.Using a-ZnRhCuO films as active layers,thin-film transistors(TFTs)and gas sensors are fabricated.The TFT behaviors demonstrate the p-type nature of a-ZnRhCuO channel,with an on-to-off current ratio of^1×10^3 and field-effect mobility of0.079 cm^2 V^-1s^-1.The behaviors of gas sensors also prove that the a-ZnRhCuO films are of p-type conductivity.Our achievements relating to p-type a-ZnRhCuO films at room temperature with TFT devices may pave the way to practical applications of AOSs in transparent flexible electronics.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51977214)Science and Technology Research Project of Chongqing Education Commission(No.KJQN202212805)Special funding project of Army Medical University(No.2021XJS08)。
文摘The synchronous monitoring of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen levels plays a pivotal role in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.This study introduces a novel noninvasive device utilizing inductive sensing and near-infrared spectroscopy technology to facilitate simultaneous monitoring of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen levels.The device consists of modules for cerebral blood flow monitoring,cerebral blood oxygen monitoring,control,communication,and a host machine.Through experiments conducted on healthy subjects,it was confirmed that the device can effectively achieve synchronous monitoring and recording of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen signals.The results demonstrate the device’s capability to accurately measure these signals simultaneously.This technology enables dynamic monitoring of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen signals with potential clinical applications in preventing,diagnosing,treating cerebrovascular diseases while reducing their associated harm.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0108500)NSFC82341006,81673334,31970740,31801144,31800684 and 31701227+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(IS23071)Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(2021M703206)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(202203021211155)the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology.
文摘Translesion DNA synthesis(TLS)can bypass DNA lesions caused by chemotherapeutic drugs,which usually result in drug resistance.Given its key role in mutagenesis and cell survival after DNA damage,inhibition of the TLS pathway has emerged as a potential target for improving the efficacy of DNA-damaging agents such as cisplatin(CDDP),a widely used anticancer agent.Unfortunately,few suitable natural TLS inhibitors have been reported.Here,we found that a triterpenoid compound Ganoboninketal C(26-3)from Ganoderma boninense,a traditional Chinese medicine,can impair CDDP-induced TLS polymerase eta(Polη)focus formation,PCNA monoubiquitination as well as mutagenesis.Moreover,26-3 can significantly sensitize tumor cells to CDDP killing and reduce the proportion of cancer stem cells in AGS and promote apoptosis after CDDP exposure.Interestingly,26-3 can also sensitize tumor cells to Gefitinib therapy.Mechanistically,through RNA-seq analysis,we found that 26-3 could abrogate the CDDP-induced upregulation of Polηand PIDD(p53-induced protein with a death domain),2 known factors promoting TLS pathway.Furthermore,we found that activating transcription factor 3 is a potential novel TLS modulator.Taken together,we have identified a natural TLS inhibitor 26-3,which can be potentially used as an adjuvant to improve clinical efficacy.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0110600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81970916,81671031)the LU JIAXI International team program supported by the K.C.Wong Education Foundation and CAS and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Grant No.2016236).
文摘Obesity-induced insulin resistance is the hallmark of metabolic syndrome,and chronic,low-grade tissue inflammation links obesity to insulin resistance through the activation of tissue-infiltrating immune cells.Current therapeutic approaches lack efficacy and immunomodulatory capacity.Thus,a new therapeutic approach is needed to prevent chronic inflammation and alleviate insulin resistance.Here,we synthesized a tetrahedral framework nucleic acid(tFNA)nanoparticle that carried resveratrol(RSV)to inhibit tissue inflammation and improve insulin sensitivity in obese mice.The prepared nanoparticles,namely tFNAs-RSV,possessed the characteristics of simple synthesis,stable properties,good water solubility,and superior biocompatibility.The tFNA-based delivery ameliorated the lability of RSV and enhanced its therapeutic efficacy.In high-fat diet(HFD)-fed mice,the administration of tFNAs-RSV ameliorated insulin resistance by alleviating inflammation status.tFNAs-RSV could reverse M1 phenotype macrophages in tissues to M2 phenotype macrophages.As for adaptive immunity,the prepared nanoparticles could repress the activation of Th1 and Th17 and promote Th2 and Treg,leading to the alleviation of insulin resistance.Furthermore,this study is the first to demonstrate that tFNAs,a nucleic acid material,possess immunomodulatory capacity.Collectively,our findings demonstrate that tFNAs-RSV alleviate insulin resistance and ameliorate inflammation in HFD mice,suggesting that nucleic acid materials or nucleic acid-based delivery systems may be a potential agent for the treatment of insulin resistance and obesity-related metabolic diseases.
基金the financial support from the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No.52103178)Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Province (No. 2023NSFSC0997)+2 种基金Sixth Two-hundred Talent B plan of Sichuan Universitysupport by the Australian Research Council Discovery Program (DP190103290)Australian Research Council Future Fellowships (FT200100730, FT210100804)。
文摘Cutting-edge heat spreaders for soft and planar electronics require not only high thermal conductivity and a certain degree of flexibility but also remarkable self-adhesion without thermal interface materials, elasticity, arbitrary elongation along with soft devices, and smart properties involving thermal self-healing, thermochromism and so on. Nacre-like composites with excellent in-plane heat dissipation are ideal as heat spreaders for thin and planar electronics. However, the intrinsically poor viscoelasticity, i.e., adhesion and elasticity, prevents them from simultaneous self-adhesion and arbitrary elongation along with current flexible devices as well as incurring high interfacial thermal impedance. In this paper, we propose a soft thermochromic composite(STC) membrane with a layered structure, considerable stretchability, high in-plane thermal conductivity(~30 Wm^(-1) K^(-1)), low thermal contact resistance(~12 mm^2 KW^(-1), 4–5 times lower than that of silver paste), strong yet sustainable adhesion forces(~4607 Jm^(-2), 2220 Jm^(-2) greater than that of epoxy paste) and self-healing efficiency. As a self-adhesive heat spreader, it implements efficient cooling of various soft electronics with a temperature drop of 20℃ than the polyimide case. In addition to its self-healing function, the chameleon-like behavior of STC facilitates temperature monitoring by the naked eye, hence enabling smart thermal management.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.30900333 and 81371549)the WBE Liver Fibrosis Foundation,China(Grant No.CFHPC20131033)
文摘Diffraction-enhanced imaging （DEI） is a powerful phase-sensitive technique that provides higher spatial resolution and supercontrast of weakly absorbing objects than conventional radiography. It derives contrast from the X-ray absorption, refraction, and ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering （USAXS） properties of an object. The separation of different-contrast contributions from images is an important issue for the potential application of DEI. In this paper, an improved DEI （IDEI） method is proposed based on the Gaussian curve fitting of the rocking curve （RC）. Utilizing only three input images, the IDEI method can accurately separate the absorption, refraction, and USAXS contrasts produced by the object. The IDEI method can therefore be viewed as an improvement to the extended DEI （EDEI） method. In contrast, the IDEI method can circumvent the limitations of the EDEI method well since it does not impose a Taylor approximation on the RC. Additionally, analysis of the IDEI model errors is performed to further investigate the factors that lead to the image artifacts, and finally validation studies are conducted using computer simulation and synchrotron experimental data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61671004,61271012,81371549,81671683,and 11501415)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City,China(Grant No.16JCYBJC28600)+4 种基金the WBE Liver Fibrosis Foundation of China(Grant No.CFHPC20131033)the Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.YZ201410)the Foundation of Tianjin University of Technology and Education(Grant Nos.KJ11-22 and J10011060321)SRF for ROCS,SEMthe IHEP-CAS Scientific Research Foundation(Grant No.2013IHEPYJRC801)
文摘In-line phase-contrast computed tomography（IL-PC-CT） imaging is a new physical and biochemical imaging method.IL-PC-CT has advantages compared to absorption CT when imaging soft tissues. In practical applications, ring artifacts which will reduce the image quality are commonly encountered in IL-PC-CT, and numerous correction methods exist to either pre-process the sinogram or post-process the reconstructed image. In this study, we develop an IL-PC-CT reconstruction method based on anisotropic total variation（TV） minimization. Using this method, the ring artifacts are corrected during the reconstruction process. This method is compared with two methods： a sinogram preprocessing correction technique based on wavelet-FFT filter and a reconstruction method based on isotropic TV. The correction results show that the proposed method can reduce visible ring artifacts while preserving the liver section details for real liver section synchrotron data.
文摘Correction to:Nano‑Micro Lett.(2021)13:86 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00614-6 The Nano-Micro Letters(2021)13:86,article by Li et al.,entitled“Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid‐Based Delivery of Resveratrol Alleviates Insulin Resistance:From Innate to Adaptive Immunity”(Nano-Micro Lett.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00614-6),was published online 06 March,2020,with errors.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11105093)
文摘In this study, the density of metastable He2* in an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet operating in helium with 0.001% nitrogen has been measured using an auxiliary measuring electrode technique.In the glow discharge mode, waveforms from two grounding electrodes, including one main discharge electrode and one auxiliary electrode, are captured.The isolated current peak formed by Penning ionization in waveforms from the auxiliary measuring electrode is identified to calculate the density of metastable He2*.In our discharge environment, the helium metastable densities along the jet axis direction are between 2.26×1013 and 1.74×1013 cm-3,which is in good agreement with the results measured by other techniques.This measurement technique can be conveniently applied to the diagnosis of metastable He2* in an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet array.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 16Z103060007) (PA)。
文摘We investigate the transfer of phosphorescent energy between co-assembled metallophosphors in crystalline nanostructures [Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 57 7820(2018) and J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140 4269(2018)]. Neither Dexter's nor Forster's mechanism of resonance energy transfer(RET) could account fully for the observed rates, which exceed 85% with significant temperature dependence. But there exists an alternative pathway on RET mediated by intermediate states of resonantly confined exciton–polaritons. Such a mechanism was used to analyze artificial photosynthesis in organic fluorescents [Phys.Rev. Lett. 122 257402(2019)]. For metallophosphors, the confined modes act as extended states lying between the molecular S_(1) and T_(1) states, offering a bridge for the long-lived T_(1) excitons to migrate from donors to acceptors. Population dynamics with parameters taken entirely based on experiments fits the observed lifetimes of phosphorescence across a broad range of doping and temperature.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.81873894,Grant No.21922410)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.LR20H180001,Grant No.LR19B050001)Taishan Scholars Program(No.tsqn20161070).
文摘Transmembrane water exchange(TWE)including transcytolemmal water exchange and transvascular water exchange is involved in many in vivo measurements and makes different contributions to the measuring results.In this study,we focus on the potential influence of TWE on the cell density parameter,intracellular water mole fraction pi,derived by dynamic contrast enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)which has been reported as a technique to characterize perfusion and vascularization of tissues,but its accuracy in measuring cell density(or interstitial space)has been questioned.Sixteen patients with glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)were enrolled since GBM shows strong intratumor heterogeneity in both cell density and TWE.All the subjects were collected with DCE-MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)map.The latter was considered as a valid surrogate of cell density.Extended Tofts(eTofts)model considering TWE as infinitely large variables and shutter-speed model(SSM)considering TWE as finite ones were used to fit DCE-MRI data.Monte Carlo(MC)and finite difference(FD)methods were used to simulate the influence of TWE on DCE-MRI-derived pi and ADC,respectively.The eTofts model shows a significant overestimation of pi in comparison with SSM in GBM(P<0.001),which is in accordance with MC simulations,and this overestimation shows dependence on the intra-to-extracellular water exchange rate constant(kio).Significant negative correlations between ADC and SSM-derived pi were found in both voxel-wise analyses(t-test P<0.001,average r=-0.74)and inter-subject comparisons(r=-0.63,P=0.009).But no consistent voxel-wise correlations(P>0.05)and a weaker inter-subject negative correlation(r=-0.56,P=0.02)were found between ADC and eTofts-derived pi.Further experimental and FD results revealed that kio made a limited contribution to ADC values in the physiological kio range in GBM,supporting ADC as a valid biomarker of cell density.These results suggest that the DCE-MRI pharmacokinetic shutter-speed model could significantly improve its accuracy in cell density estimation because of the considering transmembrane water exchange.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 10275025.
文摘The Stratonovich stochastic differential equation is used to analyze genotype selection in the presence ot correlatecl Gaussian white noises. We study the steady state properties of the genotype selection and discuss the effects of the correlated noises. It is found that the degree of correlation of the noises can be used to select one type of genes from another type of mixing genes. The strong selection of genes caused by a large value of multiplicative noise intensity can be weakened by the intensive negative correlation.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(project code:81371479)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Guidance project(project code:15411964400)+5 种基金“Joint Key Project Tackling Important Diseases”of Health Department of Shanghai Municipal Government(project code:2014ZYJB0002)Appropriate Technique of Municipal Hospital in ShanghaiShanghai Mental Disease Clinical Medical Center(2014)Department of Early Psychiatric Disorders of Shanghai Mental Health Center(2013-YJTSZK-05)Project of Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission(20144Y0054)The Shanghai Natural Science Foundation of China(16ZR1430500)
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51741209)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.LR16F040001 and LGG19F040005)。
文摘We examine an amorphous oxide semiconductor(AOS)of ZnRhCuO.The a-ZnRhCuO films are deposited at room temperature,having a high amorphous quality with smooth surface,uniform thickness and evenly distributed elements,as well as a high visible transmittance above 87%with a wide bandgap of 3.12 eV.Using a-ZnRhCuO films as active layers,thin-film transistors(TFTs)and gas sensors are fabricated.The TFT behaviors demonstrate the p-type nature of a-ZnRhCuO channel,with an on-to-off current ratio of^1×10^3 and field-effect mobility of0.079 cm^2 V^-1s^-1.The behaviors of gas sensors also prove that the a-ZnRhCuO films are of p-type conductivity.Our achievements relating to p-type a-ZnRhCuO films at room temperature with TFT devices may pave the way to practical applications of AOSs in transparent flexible electronics.
