Objective: This paper reviewed and examined the quality of all the qualitative evaluation studies indexed by two key search terms of “qualitative” and “evaluation” in the Social Work Abstracts database from 1990 t...Objective: This paper reviewed and examined the quality of all the qualitative evaluation studies indexed by two key search terms of “qualitative” and “evaluation” in the Social Work Abstracts database from 1990 to 2003 against a number of criteria typically adopted in the field of qualitative research. The review led to a dissatisfactory finding of the low quality of many qualitative evaluation studies due to their insensitivity to the following issues: philosophical basis of the study, auditability (detailed documentation of the participants and data collecting procedure), biases (acknowledgement of biases and preoccupation, and steps to deal with them), credibility or trustworthiness (triangulation, peer checking and participant verification of the findings), consistency (reliability consciousness and audit trails), and critical interpretation of the data (alternative explanations, disconfirming evidence, and limitations of the study). It was recommended that researchers be cautious when utilizing findings from the published qualitative evaluation studies; that social workers be sensitive to the issue of quality when conducting qualitative evaluation studies; that researchers be critical when judging the qualitative evaluation studies in social work; that researchers develop a clear set of guidelines for qualitative studies; that social work training institutes design qualified qualitative research courses; that a database of social work in China be established; that researchers be engaged in more qualitative studies that demonstrate high quality; that myths in qualitative research be debunked; and that adequate training for social workers on qualitative evaluation studies be provided.展开更多
目的:了解我国心理咨询师培训班学员(以下简称准心理咨询师)依恋方式的特征,并探讨其与从业意愿的关系。方法:采用两种成人依恋量表《关系问卷(Relation Questionnaire,RQ)》和《亲密关系经历量表(Experiences in Close Relationship,E...目的:了解我国心理咨询师培训班学员(以下简称准心理咨询师)依恋方式的特征,并探讨其与从业意愿的关系。方法:采用两种成人依恋量表《关系问卷(Relation Questionnaire,RQ)》和《亲密关系经历量表(Experiences in Close Relationship,ECR)》评估327名准心理咨询师的依恋方式,并要求其对专职和兼职从业意愿进行自评。结果:(1)依恋类型分布:安全型57.5%,疏离型24.5%,倾注型9.8%,恐惧型8.3%;(2)性别、年龄、受教育程度均不影响准心理咨询师的从业意愿,但职业对专职和兼职从业意愿有影响(F=7.731、5.348,均P<0.001);(3)倾注型准心理咨询师的从业意愿最高[专职:(4.84±2.09),兼职(5.63±1.74)],疏离型其次[专职(4.25±2.05),兼职(4.65±2.15)],安全型[专职(4.06±2.42),兼职(4.55±2.64)]和恐惧型[专职(3.72±2.42),兼职(4.20±2.91)]均较低。不同依恋类型准心理咨询师的兼职从业意愿有差异(F=3.404,P<0.05),倾注型准心理咨询师的兼职从业意愿高于安全型和恐惧型(均P<0.05);(4)依据从业意愿的差异可将样本分成4类:双低型、兼职型、双高型、专职型,兼职型在自我模型上的得分最高(4.78±3.17),而专职型在他人模型上的得分最高(2.28±3.42)。结论:不同依恋类型准心理咨询师的从业意愿不同,应高度关注咨询师的依恋方式对咨询活动的影响,并在职业培训和继续教育中增加相关内容。展开更多
文摘Objective: This paper reviewed and examined the quality of all the qualitative evaluation studies indexed by two key search terms of “qualitative” and “evaluation” in the Social Work Abstracts database from 1990 to 2003 against a number of criteria typically adopted in the field of qualitative research. The review led to a dissatisfactory finding of the low quality of many qualitative evaluation studies due to their insensitivity to the following issues: philosophical basis of the study, auditability (detailed documentation of the participants and data collecting procedure), biases (acknowledgement of biases and preoccupation, and steps to deal with them), credibility or trustworthiness (triangulation, peer checking and participant verification of the findings), consistency (reliability consciousness and audit trails), and critical interpretation of the data (alternative explanations, disconfirming evidence, and limitations of the study). It was recommended that researchers be cautious when utilizing findings from the published qualitative evaluation studies; that social workers be sensitive to the issue of quality when conducting qualitative evaluation studies; that researchers be critical when judging the qualitative evaluation studies in social work; that researchers develop a clear set of guidelines for qualitative studies; that social work training institutes design qualified qualitative research courses; that a database of social work in China be established; that researchers be engaged in more qualitative studies that demonstrate high quality; that myths in qualitative research be debunked; and that adequate training for social workers on qualitative evaluation studies be provided.
文摘目的:了解我国心理咨询师培训班学员(以下简称准心理咨询师)依恋方式的特征,并探讨其与从业意愿的关系。方法:采用两种成人依恋量表《关系问卷(Relation Questionnaire,RQ)》和《亲密关系经历量表(Experiences in Close Relationship,ECR)》评估327名准心理咨询师的依恋方式,并要求其对专职和兼职从业意愿进行自评。结果:(1)依恋类型分布:安全型57.5%,疏离型24.5%,倾注型9.8%,恐惧型8.3%;(2)性别、年龄、受教育程度均不影响准心理咨询师的从业意愿,但职业对专职和兼职从业意愿有影响(F=7.731、5.348,均P<0.001);(3)倾注型准心理咨询师的从业意愿最高[专职:(4.84±2.09),兼职(5.63±1.74)],疏离型其次[专职(4.25±2.05),兼职(4.65±2.15)],安全型[专职(4.06±2.42),兼职(4.55±2.64)]和恐惧型[专职(3.72±2.42),兼职(4.20±2.91)]均较低。不同依恋类型准心理咨询师的兼职从业意愿有差异(F=3.404,P<0.05),倾注型准心理咨询师的兼职从业意愿高于安全型和恐惧型(均P<0.05);(4)依据从业意愿的差异可将样本分成4类:双低型、兼职型、双高型、专职型,兼职型在自我模型上的得分最高(4.78±3.17),而专职型在他人模型上的得分最高(2.28±3.42)。结论:不同依恋类型准心理咨询师的从业意愿不同,应高度关注咨询师的依恋方式对咨询活动的影响,并在职业培训和继续教育中增加相关内容。
