The treatment concept for severe trauma has greatly changed. In developed countries, the trauma mortality pattern has shifted from a three-peak curve to a singlet curve, resulting in a standard pattern in which multi-...The treatment concept for severe trauma has greatly changed. In developed countries, the trauma mortality pattern has shifted from a three-peak curve to a singlet curve, resulting in a standard pattern in which multi-disciplinary surgeons take responsibility of the whole treatment course. Life-saving operations for recovering the airway, respiratory and circulatory functions also belong to resuscitation. Focus on in-hospital trauma evaluation should be distinguished in different stages following the concept of "the faster the better". In the process of treatment, surgeons should control the pre-operation time, surgery time, and time to achieve resuscitation endpoints, with planned and staged damage control strategies by following the treatment order of ventilation, operation, bleeding control, infusion and pulsation.展开更多
目的研究负压封闭引流(VSD)辅助的腹腔扩容术(IAVI)治疗腹腔高压症(IAH)对肝脏的影响。方法 12只健康成年小型猪(广西巴马)经股动脉插管放血建立失血性休克模型(平均动脉压50mmHg,持续1h),门静脉不全阻断后复苏,成功建立IAH模型8只,随...目的研究负压封闭引流(VSD)辅助的腹腔扩容术(IAVI)治疗腹腔高压症(IAH)对肝脏的影响。方法 12只健康成年小型猪(广西巴马)经股动脉插管放血建立失血性休克模型(平均动脉压50mmHg,持续1h),门静脉不全阻断后复苏,成功建立IAH模型8只,随机分为IAVI治疗组(IT组,n=4)及假手术对照组(SC组,n=4)。分别于休克前、IAH后2h、IAVI治疗后22h记录膀胱压(VP)、下腔静脉压(IVCP),检测天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)水平,并行增强CT扫描检查腹部前后径/横径比值及肝脏CT值。手术后26h处死动物,留取肝标本行病理组织学及湿干比检查。结果成功建立模型的8只实验动物VP为21.16±4.63mmHg,与休克前相比,IAH后2h腹部前后径/横径比值明显升高(1.22±1.41 vs 0.96±0.08,P<0.01),其中2只(25%)出现直肠脱垂及压力性尿失禁。IAH后2h血AST、ALT(589.98±14.94、77.03±12.59U/L)明显高于休克前(36.43±2.10、37.86±3.48U/L,P<0.01),肝脏CT值(42.73±4.92HU)明显低于休克前(60.00±6.85HU,P<0.05)。IT组动物观察期内全部存活,SC组2只分别于IAH后18h及20h死亡。手术后22h,IT组VP和IVCP(10.38±0.99、10.40±1.14mmHg)明显低于SC组(32.00±2.82、31.65±3.04mmHg,P<0.01),AST、ALT(215.25±73.40,60.45±3.88U/L)亦明显低于SC组(661.30±14.00,118.25±3.30U/L,P<0.01)。IT组肝湿干比较SC组显著降低(2.32±0.25,5.14±0.71,P<0.01)。病理观察可见IT组肝组织出血、肝细胞空泡变性伴炎症细胞浸润较SC组减轻。结论本模型能较好地模拟失血性休克腹腔填塞及复苏后IAH伴随肝功能损害。IAVI有助于减轻IAH后的肝功能障碍,可能与降低腹腔内压力、减轻肝缺血缺氧有关。展开更多
文摘The treatment concept for severe trauma has greatly changed. In developed countries, the trauma mortality pattern has shifted from a three-peak curve to a singlet curve, resulting in a standard pattern in which multi-disciplinary surgeons take responsibility of the whole treatment course. Life-saving operations for recovering the airway, respiratory and circulatory functions also belong to resuscitation. Focus on in-hospital trauma evaluation should be distinguished in different stages following the concept of "the faster the better". In the process of treatment, surgeons should control the pre-operation time, surgery time, and time to achieve resuscitation endpoints, with planned and staged damage control strategies by following the treatment order of ventilation, operation, bleeding control, infusion and pulsation.
文摘目的研究负压封闭引流(VSD)辅助的腹腔扩容术(IAVI)治疗腹腔高压症(IAH)对肝脏的影响。方法 12只健康成年小型猪(广西巴马)经股动脉插管放血建立失血性休克模型(平均动脉压50mmHg,持续1h),门静脉不全阻断后复苏,成功建立IAH模型8只,随机分为IAVI治疗组(IT组,n=4)及假手术对照组(SC组,n=4)。分别于休克前、IAH后2h、IAVI治疗后22h记录膀胱压(VP)、下腔静脉压(IVCP),检测天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)水平,并行增强CT扫描检查腹部前后径/横径比值及肝脏CT值。手术后26h处死动物,留取肝标本行病理组织学及湿干比检查。结果成功建立模型的8只实验动物VP为21.16±4.63mmHg,与休克前相比,IAH后2h腹部前后径/横径比值明显升高(1.22±1.41 vs 0.96±0.08,P<0.01),其中2只(25%)出现直肠脱垂及压力性尿失禁。IAH后2h血AST、ALT(589.98±14.94、77.03±12.59U/L)明显高于休克前(36.43±2.10、37.86±3.48U/L,P<0.01),肝脏CT值(42.73±4.92HU)明显低于休克前(60.00±6.85HU,P<0.05)。IT组动物观察期内全部存活,SC组2只分别于IAH后18h及20h死亡。手术后22h,IT组VP和IVCP(10.38±0.99、10.40±1.14mmHg)明显低于SC组(32.00±2.82、31.65±3.04mmHg,P<0.01),AST、ALT(215.25±73.40,60.45±3.88U/L)亦明显低于SC组(661.30±14.00,118.25±3.30U/L,P<0.01)。IT组肝湿干比较SC组显著降低(2.32±0.25,5.14±0.71,P<0.01)。病理观察可见IT组肝组织出血、肝细胞空泡变性伴炎症细胞浸润较SC组减轻。结论本模型能较好地模拟失血性休克腹腔填塞及复苏后IAH伴随肝功能损害。IAVI有助于减轻IAH后的肝功能障碍,可能与降低腹腔内压力、减轻肝缺血缺氧有关。
