ZnO is a highly significant II-VI semiconductor known for its excellent optoelectronic properties,making it widely applicable and promising for use in light-emitting devices,solar cells,lasers,and photodetectors.The m...ZnO is a highly significant II-VI semiconductor known for its excellent optoelectronic properties,making it widely applicable and promising for use in light-emitting devices,solar cells,lasers,and photodetectors.The methods for preparing ZnO are diverse,and among them,the hydrothermal method is favored for its simplicity,ease of operation,and low cost,making it an optimal choice for ZnO single-crystal growth.Most studies investigating the effects of different hydrothermal experimental parameters on the morphology and performance of ZnO nano-materials typically focus on only 2—3 variable parameters,with few examining the impact of all possible experimental parameter changes on ZnO nano-mate-rials.The principles of the hydrothermal method and its advantages in nano-material preparation were briefly introduced in this article.The detailed discussion on the influence of various experimental parameters on the preparation of ZnO nano-materials was provided,which including reaction materials,Zn^(2+)/OH^(-)ratio,reaction time and temperature,additives,experimental equipment,and annealing conditions.The review co-vers how different experimental parameters affect the morphology and performance of the materials,as well as how different rare earth doping elements influence the performance of ZnO nano-materials.It is hoped that this work will contribute to future research on the hydrothermal synthesis of nano-materials.展开更多
高能激光武器(high energy laser weapon system,HELWS)依托光速打击、无惯性毁伤及无限弹药等特性,正颠覆传统动能防御模式,跃升为大国军事博弈焦点。结合全球技术进展与实战案例,梳理HELWS从技术验证到实战运用的演进脉络。重点聚焦...高能激光武器(high energy laser weapon system,HELWS)依托光速打击、无惯性毁伤及无限弹药等特性,正颠覆传统动能防御模式,跃升为大国军事博弈焦点。结合全球技术进展与实战案例,梳理HELWS从技术验证到实战运用的演进脉络。重点聚焦高能激光技术发展,系统梳理了中国“神光”聚变装置实现的兆瓦级技术突破及LW-30/60战术激光武器列装进展,通过横向对比美、俄、德、以等国的技术路线,揭示差异化发展格局。进一步探讨了HELWS在近程防御、反导拦截、无人机压制及城市战中的效能优势,并展望其在太空攻防、生化消杀等领域的颠覆性潜力,为定向能武器的体系化部署与战略博弈提供了多维理论框架。展开更多
文摘ZnO is a highly significant II-VI semiconductor known for its excellent optoelectronic properties,making it widely applicable and promising for use in light-emitting devices,solar cells,lasers,and photodetectors.The methods for preparing ZnO are diverse,and among them,the hydrothermal method is favored for its simplicity,ease of operation,and low cost,making it an optimal choice for ZnO single-crystal growth.Most studies investigating the effects of different hydrothermal experimental parameters on the morphology and performance of ZnO nano-materials typically focus on only 2—3 variable parameters,with few examining the impact of all possible experimental parameter changes on ZnO nano-mate-rials.The principles of the hydrothermal method and its advantages in nano-material preparation were briefly introduced in this article.The detailed discussion on the influence of various experimental parameters on the preparation of ZnO nano-materials was provided,which including reaction materials,Zn^(2+)/OH^(-)ratio,reaction time and temperature,additives,experimental equipment,and annealing conditions.The review co-vers how different experimental parameters affect the morphology and performance of the materials,as well as how different rare earth doping elements influence the performance of ZnO nano-materials.It is hoped that this work will contribute to future research on the hydrothermal synthesis of nano-materials.
文摘高能激光武器(high energy laser weapon system,HELWS)依托光速打击、无惯性毁伤及无限弹药等特性,正颠覆传统动能防御模式,跃升为大国军事博弈焦点。结合全球技术进展与实战案例,梳理HELWS从技术验证到实战运用的演进脉络。重点聚焦高能激光技术发展,系统梳理了中国“神光”聚变装置实现的兆瓦级技术突破及LW-30/60战术激光武器列装进展,通过横向对比美、俄、德、以等国的技术路线,揭示差异化发展格局。进一步探讨了HELWS在近程防御、反导拦截、无人机压制及城市战中的效能优势,并展望其在太空攻防、生化消杀等领域的颠覆性潜力,为定向能武器的体系化部署与战略博弈提供了多维理论框架。
