A novel polycation electrolyte was synthesized by quaternizing polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) with (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-trimethylammonium chloride (CHTMAC) and using KOH as catalyst.The product was named as quaternized ...A novel polycation electrolyte was synthesized by quaternizing polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) with (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-trimethylammonium chloride (CHTMAC) and using KOH as catalyst.The product was named as quaternized PVA(QAPVA).The factors affecting the quaternization reaction were investigated and optimized.The degree of substitutions of QAPVA increased from 1.0% to 6.7%.QAPVA exhibited higher glass transition temperature.The conductivity of QAPVA aqueous solution showed direct proportional relationship with QAPVA concentration.PVA and QAPVA were further prepared into the dense membranes and observed membrane surface morphology.It was found that the surface of PVA membrane was flat, whereas the surface of QAPVA membrane took on many spherical tubes.Furthermore, the QAPVA membrane showed permeation flux of 250 g·m -2·h -1 and separation factor of 1540 when dealing with water/ethanol system [containing 95.4%(mass)ethanol] at 75℃.QAPVA was further compounded with phosphatized anionic PVA(PAPVA)to prepare a new polyelectrolyte complex and thereby utilize the new complex to separate water/ethanol[containing 95.4%(mass)ethanol].The results indicated that the complex had permeation flux of 380 g·m -2·h -1 and separation factor of 2250 for water/ethanol system.展开更多
Study on the extraction and separation of rare earth with new extractants is important in the rare earth chemistry and nuclear reprocessing. In this work, the extraction of Ce?with N,N,N′,N′ tetrabutylmalonamide (TB...Study on the extraction and separation of rare earth with new extractants is important in the rare earth chemistry and nuclear reprocessing. In this work, the extraction of Ce?with N,N,N′,N′ tetrabutylmalonamide (TBMA) in toluene from nitrate media has been investigated. The effect of the concentration of nitric acid, TBMA and salting out agent (LiNO3) and also the temperature on the distribution ratios was examined. The stoichiometries of the extracted complexes were determined to be Ce(NO3)3·3TBMA and Ce(NO3)3·4TBMA, respectively. The ap<IMG SRC="IMAGE/06170035.JPG" HEIGHT=11 WIDTH=24>parent extraction constants and the enthalpy of the extraction were calculated based on the extraction data, which are logKex1=3.97, logKex2=4.75 and =-31.25kJ·mol-1, respectively. The IR spectra of the loaded organic phase supported the suggested extraction mechanism.展开更多
文摘A novel polycation electrolyte was synthesized by quaternizing polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) with (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-trimethylammonium chloride (CHTMAC) and using KOH as catalyst.The product was named as quaternized PVA(QAPVA).The factors affecting the quaternization reaction were investigated and optimized.The degree of substitutions of QAPVA increased from 1.0% to 6.7%.QAPVA exhibited higher glass transition temperature.The conductivity of QAPVA aqueous solution showed direct proportional relationship with QAPVA concentration.PVA and QAPVA were further prepared into the dense membranes and observed membrane surface morphology.It was found that the surface of PVA membrane was flat, whereas the surface of QAPVA membrane took on many spherical tubes.Furthermore, the QAPVA membrane showed permeation flux of 250 g·m -2·h -1 and separation factor of 1540 when dealing with water/ethanol system [containing 95.4%(mass)ethanol] at 75℃.QAPVA was further compounded with phosphatized anionic PVA(PAPVA)to prepare a new polyelectrolyte complex and thereby utilize the new complex to separate water/ethanol[containing 95.4%(mass)ethanol].The results indicated that the complex had permeation flux of 380 g·m -2·h -1 and separation factor of 2250 for water/ethanol system.
文摘Study on the extraction and separation of rare earth with new extractants is important in the rare earth chemistry and nuclear reprocessing. In this work, the extraction of Ce?with N,N,N′,N′ tetrabutylmalonamide (TBMA) in toluene from nitrate media has been investigated. The effect of the concentration of nitric acid, TBMA and salting out agent (LiNO3) and also the temperature on the distribution ratios was examined. The stoichiometries of the extracted complexes were determined to be Ce(NO3)3·3TBMA and Ce(NO3)3·4TBMA, respectively. The ap<IMG SRC="IMAGE/06170035.JPG" HEIGHT=11 WIDTH=24>parent extraction constants and the enthalpy of the extraction were calculated based on the extraction data, which are logKex1=3.97, logKex2=4.75 and =-31.25kJ·mol-1, respectively. The IR spectra of the loaded organic phase supported the suggested extraction mechanism.
