Study of depression and antidepressant drugs mainly depends on animal models. Twelve animal models of depression related to some sets of validating criteria are reviewed. Of the 12 models, some traditional models (res...Study of depression and antidepressant drugs mainly depends on animal models. Twelve animal models of depression related to some sets of validating criteria are reviewed. Of the 12 models, some traditional models (reserpine reversal, amphetamine potentiation) are rejected as they are devoid of selectivity, insufficient to predict antidepressant activity in the compounds tested. The models with the highest overall validity are the intracranial self-stimulation, chronic stress and learned helplessness models in rats, and the primate separation model. A combination of several models may be the best way to study depression and to screen antidepressant drugs. This combination can be used to detect compounds comparable to those antidepressants possessing clinically established antidepressant activity.展开更多
Cobra venom factor (CVF), separated from the cobra venoms, is an acidic glucoproteins with anticomplementory activity The combination of CVF with factor B in the blood produces a stable C3 and C5 converterase resultin...Cobra venom factor (CVF), separated from the cobra venoms, is an acidic glucoproteins with anticomplementory activity The combination of CVF with factor B in the blood produces a stable C3 and C5 converterase resulting in complement depletion by activating complement continually. There are many studies on it, such as inflammation, autoimmune disease, xenotransplantation, anti-tumor, etc. CVF is also an important tool drug for the study of complement role in the pathophysiological development of diseases.展开更多
目的:基于原子力显微镜(atomic force microscope,AFM)在纳米级分辨率和皮牛级力学测量探讨双硫仑(disulfiram,DSF)螯合氯化铜复合物(DSF/Cu)对人乳腺癌MCF-7和正常乳腺上皮MCF-10A细胞膜超微结构及力学特性的影响。方法:采用流式细胞...目的:基于原子力显微镜(atomic force microscope,AFM)在纳米级分辨率和皮牛级力学测量探讨双硫仑(disulfiram,DSF)螯合氯化铜复合物(DSF/Cu)对人乳腺癌MCF-7和正常乳腺上皮MCF-10A细胞膜超微结构及力学特性的影响。方法:采用流式细胞术比较DSF/Cu作用于2种细胞后凋亡率和细胞周期的改变。AFM探测细胞表面形貌、超微结构、细胞高度、宽度及粗糙度的变化。利用AFM纳米压痕技术检测DSF/Cu对2种细胞硬度(杨氏模量)的影响。结果:流式细胞术结果显示:DSF/Cu可显著诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡,且呈浓度依赖性;而对MCF-10A细胞影响不大。细胞周期检测显示DSF/Cu对2种细胞的细胞周期影响不同。AFM成像观察发现,400和800 nmol/L的DSF/Cu作用于MCF-7细胞6 h后,细胞形态明显皱缩,体积变小,表面变得平整,丝状伪足明显回缩、变短,有些变成了板状伪足,甚至完全消失。进一步定量分析发现细胞宽度变小,高度增高,均方根粗糙度和平均粗糙度均减小,且呈浓度依赖性。而对MCF-10A细胞则影响甚微。最后,单细胞水平生物力学检测显示:DSF/Cu作用于MCF-7和MCF-10A细胞6 h后,2种细胞的杨氏模量随药物浓度的增加均有所增加,且呈浓度依赖性,但MCF-7细胞增加的比例要远远高于MCF-10A细胞。结论:DSF/Cu可能通过特异性影响MCF-7细胞的生物力学特性发挥高效低毒的抗乳腺肿瘤作用。展开更多
文摘Study of depression and antidepressant drugs mainly depends on animal models. Twelve animal models of depression related to some sets of validating criteria are reviewed. Of the 12 models, some traditional models (reserpine reversal, amphetamine potentiation) are rejected as they are devoid of selectivity, insufficient to predict antidepressant activity in the compounds tested. The models with the highest overall validity are the intracranial self-stimulation, chronic stress and learned helplessness models in rats, and the primate separation model. A combination of several models may be the best way to study depression and to screen antidepressant drugs. This combination can be used to detect compounds comparable to those antidepressants possessing clinically established antidepressant activity.
文摘Cobra venom factor (CVF), separated from the cobra venoms, is an acidic glucoproteins with anticomplementory activity The combination of CVF with factor B in the blood produces a stable C3 and C5 converterase resulting in complement depletion by activating complement continually. There are many studies on it, such as inflammation, autoimmune disease, xenotransplantation, anti-tumor, etc. CVF is also an important tool drug for the study of complement role in the pathophysiological development of diseases.
