基于沥青在熔融纺丝过程中的滴落行为和流变学理论,提出了一种新型高效的中间相炭微球(MCMB)制备方法—毛细管破裂法(DCB法)。本实验以中间相沥青为原料,采用DCB法考察了不同接收相(水或THF)对MCMB制备的影响规律,并系统研究了相应MCMB...基于沥青在熔融纺丝过程中的滴落行为和流变学理论,提出了一种新型高效的中间相炭微球(MCMB)制备方法—毛细管破裂法(DCB法)。本实验以中间相沥青为原料,采用DCB法考察了不同接收相(水或THF)对MCMB制备的影响规律,并系统研究了相应MCMB微观结构的演变规律。在此基础上,所制MCMB经750℃的KOH活化制备了A-MCMB,以及经2800℃的石墨化制备了G-MCMB,并分别探究了它们作为超级电容器(EDLC)和锂离子电池(LIB)电极材料的电化学性能。结果表明:采用DCB方法所制备的水接收相的MCMB-W和THF接收相的MCMBT均呈现尺寸约1~2μm的球形结构特征。此外,A-MCMB-T具有高比表面积1391 m^(2)g^(-1)、微孔体积0.55 cm^(3)g^(-1)和中孔体积0.24 cm^(3)g^(-1),作为EDLC的电极材料时,其比电容比MP衍生的炭材料提高了30%,且电容保持率也显著提升。同时,G-MCMB-T具有较高的石墨化度0.895和有序的层状结构,作为LIB的负极材料时,在100 mA g^(-1)下进行100次循环后,具有353.5 m Ah g^(-1)的高比容量。因此,本文提出并验证了一种新的MCMB制备方法,有望为储能材料的设计和开发提供了一种思路和途径。展开更多
Graphitized carbon foams(GFms)were prepared using mesophase pitch(MP)as a raw material by foaming(450℃),pre-oxidation(320℃),carbonization(1000℃)and graphitization(2800℃).The differences in structure and properties...Graphitized carbon foams(GFms)were prepared using mesophase pitch(MP)as a raw material by foaming(450℃),pre-oxidation(320℃),carbonization(1000℃)and graphitization(2800℃).The differences in structure and properties of GFms prepared from different MP precursors pretreated by ball milling or liquid phase extraction were investigated and compared,and semi-quantitative calculations were conducted on the Raman and FTIR spectra of samples at each preparation stage.Semi-quantitat-ive spectroscopic analysis provided detailed information on the structure and chemical composition changes of the MP and GFm de-rived from it.Combined with microscopic observations,the change from precursor to GFm was analyzed.The results showed that ball milling concentrated the distribution of aromatic molecules in the pitch,which contributed to uniform foaming to give a GFm with a uniform pore distribution and good properties.Liquid phase extraction helped remove light components while retaining large aromatics to form graphitic planes with the largest average size during post-treatment to produce a GFm with the highest degree of graphitization and the fewest open pores,giving the best compression resistance(2.47 MPa),the highest thermal conductivity(64.47 W/(m·K))and the lowest electrical resistance(13.02μΩ·m).Characterization combining semi-quantitative spectroscopic ana-lysis with microscopic observations allowed us to control the preparation of the MP-derived GFms.展开更多
文摘基于沥青在熔融纺丝过程中的滴落行为和流变学理论,提出了一种新型高效的中间相炭微球(MCMB)制备方法—毛细管破裂法(DCB法)。本实验以中间相沥青为原料,采用DCB法考察了不同接收相(水或THF)对MCMB制备的影响规律,并系统研究了相应MCMB微观结构的演变规律。在此基础上,所制MCMB经750℃的KOH活化制备了A-MCMB,以及经2800℃的石墨化制备了G-MCMB,并分别探究了它们作为超级电容器(EDLC)和锂离子电池(LIB)电极材料的电化学性能。结果表明:采用DCB方法所制备的水接收相的MCMB-W和THF接收相的MCMBT均呈现尺寸约1~2μm的球形结构特征。此外,A-MCMB-T具有高比表面积1391 m^(2)g^(-1)、微孔体积0.55 cm^(3)g^(-1)和中孔体积0.24 cm^(3)g^(-1),作为EDLC的电极材料时,其比电容比MP衍生的炭材料提高了30%,且电容保持率也显著提升。同时,G-MCMB-T具有较高的石墨化度0.895和有序的层状结构,作为LIB的负极材料时,在100 mA g^(-1)下进行100次循环后,具有353.5 m Ah g^(-1)的高比容量。因此,本文提出并验证了一种新的MCMB制备方法,有望为储能材料的设计和开发提供了一种思路和途径。
文摘Graphitized carbon foams(GFms)were prepared using mesophase pitch(MP)as a raw material by foaming(450℃),pre-oxidation(320℃),carbonization(1000℃)and graphitization(2800℃).The differences in structure and properties of GFms prepared from different MP precursors pretreated by ball milling or liquid phase extraction were investigated and compared,and semi-quantitative calculations were conducted on the Raman and FTIR spectra of samples at each preparation stage.Semi-quantitat-ive spectroscopic analysis provided detailed information on the structure and chemical composition changes of the MP and GFm de-rived from it.Combined with microscopic observations,the change from precursor to GFm was analyzed.The results showed that ball milling concentrated the distribution of aromatic molecules in the pitch,which contributed to uniform foaming to give a GFm with a uniform pore distribution and good properties.Liquid phase extraction helped remove light components while retaining large aromatics to form graphitic planes with the largest average size during post-treatment to produce a GFm with the highest degree of graphitization and the fewest open pores,giving the best compression resistance(2.47 MPa),the highest thermal conductivity(64.47 W/(m·K))and the lowest electrical resistance(13.02μΩ·m).Characterization combining semi-quantitative spectroscopic ana-lysis with microscopic observations allowed us to control the preparation of the MP-derived GFms.
