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笋壳酶解发酵产可降解塑料PHB
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作者 沙爽 杨慧敏 +3 位作者 邵琼 李燕军 韩业君 彭小伟 《林产化学与工业》 北大核心 2025年第4期114-120,共7页
为开发笋壳酶解发酵生产可降解塑料聚3-羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的新途径,对笋壳组分、预处理、酶解、发酵产PHB过程进行了探讨。研究结果发现:笋壳含纤维素较低为28.1%,半纤维素中含木聚糖和阿拉伯聚糖分别为20.8%和4.4%,含木质素为10.8%,其他... 为开发笋壳酶解发酵生产可降解塑料聚3-羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的新途径,对笋壳组分、预处理、酶解、发酵产PHB过程进行了探讨。研究结果发现:笋壳含纤维素较低为28.1%,半纤维素中含木聚糖和阿拉伯聚糖分别为20.8%和4.4%,含木质素为10.8%,其他组分(包括蛋白、脂类、果胶等)为31.5%,用20 g/L和40 g/L的NaOH溶液处理笋壳并经水洗后物料质量损失率达到38.5%~56.9%,该方法没有实用性;为避免糖损失,用1 g/L和5 g/L的低质量浓度NaOH溶液处理笋壳,不经过水洗工艺直接调节pH值后酶解,纤维素酶解率分别为74.6%和78.4%,与天然笋壳直接酶解的纤维素酶解率69.9%相比,有所上升。利用经过改造后能同时利用葡萄糖和木糖的工程菌Cupriavidus necator,分别对天然笋壳酶解液以及1 g/L和5 g/L NaOH溶液处理过的笋壳酶解液发酵72 h时,PHB产率分别为4.26、4.31和0.72 g/L,低质量浓度NaOH处理并未明显提高PHB的产率,且5 g/L NaOH处理的酶解液对菌体有较大的抑制作用。天然笋壳直接酶解发酵是生产PHB较经济的方式,每吨笋壳可生产85.2 kg PHB,发酵过程每消耗100 g糖能产生菌体56.3 g、PHB 29.3 g,在酶解率、木糖利用率和菌体PHB含量方面还有提升空间。 展开更多
关键词 笋壳 可降解塑料 酶解 生物转化 生物质
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Hollow multi‑shelled structure materials for catalytic applications
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作者 LIU Aoran LI Rui +3 位作者 WANG Zongyao SHANG Penghui WAN Jiawei WANG Dan 《无机化学学报》 北大核心 2025年第10期2039-2053,共15页
Hollow multi-shelled structure(HoMS)is the novel multifunctional structural system,which are con-structed with nanoparticles as structural units,featuring two or more shells,multiple interfaces,and numerous chan-nels ... Hollow multi-shelled structure(HoMS)is the novel multifunctional structural system,which are con-structed with nanoparticles as structural units,featuring two or more shells,multiple interfaces,and numerous chan-nels and demonstrating outstanding properties in energy conversion and mass transfer.In recent years,owing to the breakthroughs in synthetic methods,the diversity of composition and structure of HoMS has been greatly enriched,showing broad application prospects in energy,catalysis,environment and other fields.This review focuses on the research status of HoMS for catalytic applications.Firstly,the new synthesis method for HoMS,namely the sequen-tial templating approach,is introduced from both practical and theoretical perspectives.Then,it summarizes and discusses the structure-performance relationship between the shell structure and catalytic performance.The unique temporal-spatial ordering property of mass transport in HoMS and the major breakthroughs it brings in catalytic applications are discussed.Finally,it looks forward to the opportunities and challenges in the development of HoMS. 展开更多
关键词 hollow multi-shelled structure catalyst sequential templating approach temporal-spatial order mass transfer
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