The factors influencing the water supply price of a hydraulic project include natural conditions and economic policies. This paper thoroughly demonstrates the water price of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from ...The factors influencing the water supply price of a hydraulic project include natural conditions and economic policies. This paper thoroughly demonstrates the water price of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from the viewpoint of economic policies. It is considered that if the project is assigned as a profitable one and built depending on commercial loan from bank completely or mostly, the water price will be too high to be undertaken by users,and if the project places the public good at first while considering the economic benefit, its investment mainly relies on the state (national or local governments) appropriation and self-raised funds and a little from the bank loan on favorable terms, the price determined according to the principle of satisfying the cost and reasonable profit will be relatively lower and can be undertaken by the users in the North China where water shortage is serious. The problem of higher water price of agricultural irrigation to the north of the Yellow River can be tackled by taking measures such as "compensating agriculture by industry" according to foreign practical experiences and relevant suggestions.展开更多
研究南水北调东线一期工程通水以来受水区生态环境效益的演变态势,对南水北调后续工程高质量建设、加快构建国家水网以及促进工程综合效益发挥有决策参考作用。以定性定量相结合的方式分析东线一期工程在优化水资源配置、保障饮水安全...研究南水北调东线一期工程通水以来受水区生态环境效益的演变态势,对南水北调后续工程高质量建设、加快构建国家水网以及促进工程综合效益发挥有决策参考作用。以定性定量相结合的方式分析东线一期工程在优化水资源配置、保障饮水安全、复苏河湖生态环境和畅通南北经济循环等方面的作用,进而结合层次分析法,从直接效益和间接效益2个方面,筛选构建东线一期工程受水区生态环境效益评价指标体系,主要包括工程年供水量、水质改善度、生态补水量、地下水压采量、地下水水位、水域面积、绿地面积和涵养水源等,并采用VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(VIKOR)多准则妥协解排序方法对南水北调东线一期工程通水以来即2013-2022年受水区生态环境效益演变态势进行分析。结果表明:南水北调东线一期工程通水的10年以来,受水区的生态环境整体复苏效果明显,近3年排序值保持在0.8以上;受降水偏枯进而影响地下水开采量和地下水水位等因素影响,2019年间接生态环境效益下降29.2%,之后迅速恢复并保持稳定。在分析直接效益和间接效益演变的基础上,从工程提质增效、提高工程水质状况以及完善体制机制建设等方面提出东线一期工程进一步促进受水区生态环境持续改善的策略和建议,以期为东线工程及受水区生态环境保护及高质量发展相关研究、决策制定等提供参考。展开更多
泵站机组运行受多种因素影响,导致泵站运行理论效率与实际效率误差较大。针对泵站机组运行效率精准模拟难题,运用基于高价多项式回归、回归树、多元线性回归、向量机回归、高斯过程回归、神经网络的10个回归算法,建立泵站机组效率模拟...泵站机组运行受多种因素影响,导致泵站运行理论效率与实际效率误差较大。针对泵站机组运行效率精准模拟难题,运用基于高价多项式回归、回归树、多元线性回归、向量机回归、高斯过程回归、神经网络的10个回归算法,建立泵站机组效率模拟模型并开展对比分析,优选出有效的泵站运行效率模拟建模方法。讨论分析采用“上下游水位+流量”代替传统“扬程+流量”开展泵站运行模拟的效果。以南水北调东线邳州站和遂宁二站共8台机组的历史数据开展实例分析,相关实验结果表明:在所有方法中,高斯过程回归(Gaussian process regression,GPR)模型在均方根误差(ERMS)、平均绝对误差(EMA)、均方误差(EMS)、决定系数(R2)和最大个体误差(EMI)指标上综合表现最佳,R2逼近0.95;使用站上、站下水位代替传统的扬程对模型进行训练,所有模型的综合评价指标整体有所改善。综合来看,使用GPR模型并使用上游、下游水位代替扬程进行模拟效率表现最好,以邳州站4号机为例,可将模拟效率的EMA和EMI分别从16.49%和20.40%减少至0.41%和2.30%,研究成果具有一定实际意义,可为我国调水工程泵站经济运行提供有力支撑。展开更多
文摘The factors influencing the water supply price of a hydraulic project include natural conditions and economic policies. This paper thoroughly demonstrates the water price of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from the viewpoint of economic policies. It is considered that if the project is assigned as a profitable one and built depending on commercial loan from bank completely or mostly, the water price will be too high to be undertaken by users,and if the project places the public good at first while considering the economic benefit, its investment mainly relies on the state (national or local governments) appropriation and self-raised funds and a little from the bank loan on favorable terms, the price determined according to the principle of satisfying the cost and reasonable profit will be relatively lower and can be undertaken by the users in the North China where water shortage is serious. The problem of higher water price of agricultural irrigation to the north of the Yellow River can be tackled by taking measures such as "compensating agriculture by industry" according to foreign practical experiences and relevant suggestions.
文摘研究南水北调东线一期工程通水以来受水区生态环境效益的演变态势,对南水北调后续工程高质量建设、加快构建国家水网以及促进工程综合效益发挥有决策参考作用。以定性定量相结合的方式分析东线一期工程在优化水资源配置、保障饮水安全、复苏河湖生态环境和畅通南北经济循环等方面的作用,进而结合层次分析法,从直接效益和间接效益2个方面,筛选构建东线一期工程受水区生态环境效益评价指标体系,主要包括工程年供水量、水质改善度、生态补水量、地下水压采量、地下水水位、水域面积、绿地面积和涵养水源等,并采用VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(VIKOR)多准则妥协解排序方法对南水北调东线一期工程通水以来即2013-2022年受水区生态环境效益演变态势进行分析。结果表明:南水北调东线一期工程通水的10年以来,受水区的生态环境整体复苏效果明显,近3年排序值保持在0.8以上;受降水偏枯进而影响地下水开采量和地下水水位等因素影响,2019年间接生态环境效益下降29.2%,之后迅速恢复并保持稳定。在分析直接效益和间接效益演变的基础上,从工程提质增效、提高工程水质状况以及完善体制机制建设等方面提出东线一期工程进一步促进受水区生态环境持续改善的策略和建议,以期为东线工程及受水区生态环境保护及高质量发展相关研究、决策制定等提供参考。
文摘泵站机组运行受多种因素影响,导致泵站运行理论效率与实际效率误差较大。针对泵站机组运行效率精准模拟难题,运用基于高价多项式回归、回归树、多元线性回归、向量机回归、高斯过程回归、神经网络的10个回归算法,建立泵站机组效率模拟模型并开展对比分析,优选出有效的泵站运行效率模拟建模方法。讨论分析采用“上下游水位+流量”代替传统“扬程+流量”开展泵站运行模拟的效果。以南水北调东线邳州站和遂宁二站共8台机组的历史数据开展实例分析,相关实验结果表明:在所有方法中,高斯过程回归(Gaussian process regression,GPR)模型在均方根误差(ERMS)、平均绝对误差(EMA)、均方误差(EMS)、决定系数(R2)和最大个体误差(EMI)指标上综合表现最佳,R2逼近0.95;使用站上、站下水位代替传统的扬程对模型进行训练,所有模型的综合评价指标整体有所改善。综合来看,使用GPR模型并使用上游、下游水位代替扬程进行模拟效率表现最好,以邳州站4号机为例,可将模拟效率的EMA和EMI分别从16.49%和20.40%减少至0.41%和2.30%,研究成果具有一定实际意义,可为我国调水工程泵站经济运行提供有力支撑。
