In order to analyze mechanism of casing damage,the uniaxial compression experiment and creep experiment of interbedded mudstone samples from Sanan development area of Daqing Oilfield under different water contents wer...In order to analyze mechanism of casing damage,the uniaxial compression experiment and creep experiment of interbedded mudstone samples from Sanan development area of Daqing Oilfield under different water contents were carried out.The changes of the mudstone's mechanical parameters and creep characteristics with the increment of water saturation were studied.The results indicate that the rock strength and elastic modulus decrease rapidly with the increment of water content,at the same time,the creep strain and creep strain rate of steady state increase with the increment of water content,and also the steady state creep strain rate is enhanced with the increment of deviatoric stress.Through the creep characteristic curves,a non-linear creep constitutive equation of mudstone considering the change of water contents is established,which will be used in future numerical analysis.展开更多
In order to research the influence of liquid water content ( LWC ) on blade icing of wind turbine, a numerical simulation method for blade icing was established. The numerical simulation was based on low speed viscous...In order to research the influence of liquid water content ( LWC ) on blade icing of wind turbine, a numerical simulation method for blade icing was established. The numerical simulation was based on low speed viscous N-S equation. The trajectory equation of water droplets was established by Lagrangian method. The mass and energy conservation equations of the water droplets impacting on the surface of the blade were solved based on control body theory. Three sections along blade span wise of a 1.5 MW wind turbine were decided to simulate icing. Five kinds of LWC were selected for simulation including 0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8 and 1.0 g/m^3 under two ambient temperatures of -10 ℃ and -20 ℃. The medium volume droplet diameter ( MVD ) was 30μm. The simulations included icing shape on blade surface, dimensionless icing area and dimensionless maximum stagnation thickness. Furthermore, the flow fields around both the iced blade airfoil and the original one were simulated and analyzed. Accor-ding to the results, the typical icing characteristics of icing shape, icing area and thickness were greatly affected by the difference of LWCs. This study can provide theoretical reference for the research on antiicing and deicing of wind turbine blade.展开更多
Changes in the weight and water content of the growth substrate at different cultivation times significantly affected Hypsizygus marmoreus growth yields.Highest growth yields(132.6~146.3 g per culture) were achieved w...Changes in the weight and water content of the growth substrate at different cultivation times significantly affected Hypsizygus marmoreus growth yields.Highest growth yields(132.6~146.3 g per culture) were achieved when the mycelium culture and maturation period was between 80 and 90 days,and the substrate water content was 73%~74%.Physiological maturation of H.marmoreus mycelium was correlated with the substrate water content.展开更多
The effects of soil texture, initial water content and bulk density on diesel oil infiltration in fine sand and silty clay loam materials were evaluated. Three physical and two empirical equations express diesel oil i...The effects of soil texture, initial water content and bulk density on diesel oil infiltration in fine sand and silty clay loam materials were evaluated. Three physical and two empirical equations express diesel oil infiltration through soils with time, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.99. Diesel oil infiltrates more quickly in the fine sand than in the silty clay loam material. Diesel oil infiltration rates are found to decrease with increasing initial water content and bulk density for the silty clay loam material. The infiltration rate of diesel oil in the fine sand material increases slightly with increasing initial water content. The diesel oil saturated conductivity(Kdiesel) decreases with increasing bulk density for the silty clay loam column. Diesel oil sorptivity(S) decreases linearly with increased initial water content and bulk density of the silty clay loam material. Changes in empirical parameters relative to initial water content and bulk density are similar to the parameter S.展开更多
冻融过程岩石孔隙内未冻水含量变化是影响其力学特性的关键因素之一。以砂岩为研究对象,采用低场核磁共振系统(nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR)对岩石冻融过程(20、0、-2、-4、-6、-10、-15、-10、-6、-4、-2、0、20℃)孔隙水含量进行...冻融过程岩石孔隙内未冻水含量变化是影响其力学特性的关键因素之一。以砂岩为研究对象,采用低场核磁共振系统(nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR)对岩石冻融过程(20、0、-2、-4、-6、-10、-15、-10、-6、-4、-2、0、20℃)孔隙水含量进行监测,分析未冻水含量随温度的演化规律,并探讨岩石冻融过程未冻水含量演化对其力学特性的影响。研究结果表明:(1)冻融过程岩石中孔隙水受温度影响显著,共经过5个阶段,即过冷段、快速冻结阶段、缓慢冻结阶段、缓慢融化阶段和融化加速阶段。(2)岩石在解冻过程中有明显的滞后现象。在相同温度下,岩样冻结过程未冻水含量明显高于解冻过程。与之对应,解冻过程的峰值强度和弹性模量相对于冻结阶段显著提高。(3)冻融过程的单轴抗压强度以及岩石弹性模量与未冻水含量的关系可由指数函数表示。冻结初期,岩石力学参数的变化主要受孔隙冰含量的增长及孔隙冰对岩石颗粒的胶结作用影响,随温度进一步降低,吸附水膜厚度下降,吸附能力增强,使孔隙冰与对岩石颗粒之间的整体性增强,岩石力学参数进一步发生改变。展开更多
基金Project(2002CB412704) supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China
文摘In order to analyze mechanism of casing damage,the uniaxial compression experiment and creep experiment of interbedded mudstone samples from Sanan development area of Daqing Oilfield under different water contents were carried out.The changes of the mudstone's mechanical parameters and creep characteristics with the increment of water saturation were studied.The results indicate that the rock strength and elastic modulus decrease rapidly with the increment of water content,at the same time,the creep strain and creep strain rate of steady state increase with the increment of water content,and also the steady state creep strain rate is enhanced with the increment of deviatoric stress.Through the creep characteristic curves,a non-linear creep constitutive equation of mudstone considering the change of water contents is established,which will be used in future numerical analysis.
基金sponsored by the projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.51576037 and 11172314)the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2015CB755800)
文摘In order to research the influence of liquid water content ( LWC ) on blade icing of wind turbine, a numerical simulation method for blade icing was established. The numerical simulation was based on low speed viscous N-S equation. The trajectory equation of water droplets was established by Lagrangian method. The mass and energy conservation equations of the water droplets impacting on the surface of the blade were solved based on control body theory. Three sections along blade span wise of a 1.5 MW wind turbine were decided to simulate icing. Five kinds of LWC were selected for simulation including 0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8 and 1.0 g/m^3 under two ambient temperatures of -10 ℃ and -20 ℃. The medium volume droplet diameter ( MVD ) was 30μm. The simulations included icing shape on blade surface, dimensionless icing area and dimensionless maximum stagnation thickness. Furthermore, the flow fields around both the iced blade airfoil and the original one were simulated and analyzed. Accor-ding to the results, the typical icing characteristics of icing shape, icing area and thickness were greatly affected by the difference of LWCs. This study can provide theoretical reference for the research on antiicing and deicing of wind turbine blade.
文摘Changes in the weight and water content of the growth substrate at different cultivation times significantly affected Hypsizygus marmoreus growth yields.Highest growth yields(132.6~146.3 g per culture) were achieved when the mycelium culture and maturation period was between 80 and 90 days,and the substrate water content was 73%~74%.Physiological maturation of H.marmoreus mycelium was correlated with the substrate water content.
基金Projects(40272108,41402208)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(ZR2012DL05,ZR2015EL044)supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China+1 种基金Project(4072-114017)supported by Young Teachers’ Development of Shandong University of Technology,ChinaProject(J12LC51)supported by Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program,China
文摘The effects of soil texture, initial water content and bulk density on diesel oil infiltration in fine sand and silty clay loam materials were evaluated. Three physical and two empirical equations express diesel oil infiltration through soils with time, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.99. Diesel oil infiltrates more quickly in the fine sand than in the silty clay loam material. Diesel oil infiltration rates are found to decrease with increasing initial water content and bulk density for the silty clay loam material. The infiltration rate of diesel oil in the fine sand material increases slightly with increasing initial water content. The diesel oil saturated conductivity(Kdiesel) decreases with increasing bulk density for the silty clay loam column. Diesel oil sorptivity(S) decreases linearly with increased initial water content and bulk density of the silty clay loam material. Changes in empirical parameters relative to initial water content and bulk density are similar to the parameter S.
文摘冻融过程岩石孔隙内未冻水含量变化是影响其力学特性的关键因素之一。以砂岩为研究对象,采用低场核磁共振系统(nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR)对岩石冻融过程(20、0、-2、-4、-6、-10、-15、-10、-6、-4、-2、0、20℃)孔隙水含量进行监测,分析未冻水含量随温度的演化规律,并探讨岩石冻融过程未冻水含量演化对其力学特性的影响。研究结果表明:(1)冻融过程岩石中孔隙水受温度影响显著,共经过5个阶段,即过冷段、快速冻结阶段、缓慢冻结阶段、缓慢融化阶段和融化加速阶段。(2)岩石在解冻过程中有明显的滞后现象。在相同温度下,岩样冻结过程未冻水含量明显高于解冻过程。与之对应,解冻过程的峰值强度和弹性模量相对于冻结阶段显著提高。(3)冻融过程的单轴抗压强度以及岩石弹性模量与未冻水含量的关系可由指数函数表示。冻结初期,岩石力学参数的变化主要受孔隙冰含量的增长及孔隙冰对岩石颗粒的胶结作用影响,随温度进一步降低,吸附水膜厚度下降,吸附能力增强,使孔隙冰与对岩石颗粒之间的整体性增强,岩石力学参数进一步发生改变。
