Swarm robot systems are an important application of autonomous unmanned surface vehicles on water surfaces.For monitoring natural environments and conducting security activities within a certain range using a surface ...Swarm robot systems are an important application of autonomous unmanned surface vehicles on water surfaces.For monitoring natural environments and conducting security activities within a certain range using a surface vehicle,the swarm robot system is more efficient than the operation of a single object as the former can reduce cost and save time.It is necessary to detect adjacent surface obstacles robustly to operate a cluster of unmanned surface vehicles.For this purpose,a LiDAR(light detection and ranging)sensor is used as it can simultaneously obtain 3D information for all directions,relatively robustly and accurately,irrespective of the surrounding environmental conditions.Although the GPS(global-positioning-system)error range exists,obtaining measurements of the surface-vessel position can still ensure stability during platoon maneuvering.In this study,a three-layer convolutional neural network is applied to classify types of surface vehicles.The aim of this approach is to redefine the sparse 3D point cloud data as 2D image data with a connotative meaning and subsequently utilize this transformed data for object classification purposes.Hence,we have proposed a descriptor that converts the 3D point cloud data into 2D image data.To use this descriptor effectively,it is necessary to perform a clustering operation that separates the point clouds for each object.We developed voxel-based clustering for the point cloud clustering.Furthermore,using the descriptor,3D point cloud data can be converted into a 2D feature image,and the converted 2D image is provided as an input value to the network.We intend to verify the validity of the proposed 3D point cloud feature descriptor by using experimental data in the simulator.Furthermore,we explore the feasibility of real-time object classification within this framework.展开更多
文章针对基于坡度滤波算法在地形复杂地区中难以合理设置滤波阈值的问题,提出了一种基于多尺度网格的点云自适应坡度滤波的算法。首先在构建的多尺度的虚拟网格内选取最优点作为初始地面种子点,计算网格的点云空间占比并划分网格语义属...文章针对基于坡度滤波算法在地形复杂地区中难以合理设置滤波阈值的问题,提出了一种基于多尺度网格的点云自适应坡度滤波的算法。首先在构建的多尺度的虚拟网格内选取最优点作为初始地面种子点,计算网格的点云空间占比并划分网格语义属性,然后利用地形计算因子求得每个网格的坡度分类阈值,再按网格尺度由大到小的方式对整体点云进行坡度滤波,得出真实的地面点云数据。文中采用了多种地形的光探测和测距(Light Detection and Ranging,LiDAR)(简称“激光雷达”)数据来验证该算法,结果表明,该算法能够有效去除地面上的植被、建筑物等地物点,保留真实的地面点云数据。该算法重点解决了在伴随地形变化时坡度滤波阈值的计算和自适应设置问题,以及在地形变化剧烈的边缘地带过度滤波的问题。展开更多
This paper presents a method to reconstruct 3-D models of trees from terrestrial laser scan(TLS)point clouds.This method uses the weighted locally optimal projection(WLOP)and the AdTree method to reconstruct detailed ...This paper presents a method to reconstruct 3-D models of trees from terrestrial laser scan(TLS)point clouds.This method uses the weighted locally optimal projection(WLOP)and the AdTree method to reconstruct detailed 3-D tree models.To improve its representation accuracy,the WLOP algorithm is introduced to consolidate the point cloud.Its reconstruction accuracy is tested using a dataset of ten trees,and the one-sided Hausdorff distances between the input point clouds and the resulting 3-D models are measured.The experimental results show that the optimal projection modeling method has an average one-sided Hausdorff distance(mean)lower by 30.74%and 6.43%compared with AdTree and AdQSM methods,respectively.Furthermore,it has an average one-sided Hausdorff distance(RMS)lower by 29.95%and 12.28%compared with AdTree and AdQSM methods.Results show that the 3-D model generated fits closely to the input point cloud data and ensures a high geometrical accuracy.展开更多
基金supported by the Future Challenge Program through the Agency for Defense Development funded by the Defense Acquisition Program Administration (No.UC200015RD)。
文摘Swarm robot systems are an important application of autonomous unmanned surface vehicles on water surfaces.For monitoring natural environments and conducting security activities within a certain range using a surface vehicle,the swarm robot system is more efficient than the operation of a single object as the former can reduce cost and save time.It is necessary to detect adjacent surface obstacles robustly to operate a cluster of unmanned surface vehicles.For this purpose,a LiDAR(light detection and ranging)sensor is used as it can simultaneously obtain 3D information for all directions,relatively robustly and accurately,irrespective of the surrounding environmental conditions.Although the GPS(global-positioning-system)error range exists,obtaining measurements of the surface-vessel position can still ensure stability during platoon maneuvering.In this study,a three-layer convolutional neural network is applied to classify types of surface vehicles.The aim of this approach is to redefine the sparse 3D point cloud data as 2D image data with a connotative meaning and subsequently utilize this transformed data for object classification purposes.Hence,we have proposed a descriptor that converts the 3D point cloud data into 2D image data.To use this descriptor effectively,it is necessary to perform a clustering operation that separates the point clouds for each object.We developed voxel-based clustering for the point cloud clustering.Furthermore,using the descriptor,3D point cloud data can be converted into a 2D feature image,and the converted 2D image is provided as an input value to the network.We intend to verify the validity of the proposed 3D point cloud feature descriptor by using experimental data in the simulator.Furthermore,we explore the feasibility of real-time object classification within this framework.
文摘文章针对基于坡度滤波算法在地形复杂地区中难以合理设置滤波阈值的问题,提出了一种基于多尺度网格的点云自适应坡度滤波的算法。首先在构建的多尺度的虚拟网格内选取最优点作为初始地面种子点,计算网格的点云空间占比并划分网格语义属性,然后利用地形计算因子求得每个网格的坡度分类阈值,再按网格尺度由大到小的方式对整体点云进行坡度滤波,得出真实的地面点云数据。文中采用了多种地形的光探测和测距(Light Detection and Ranging,LiDAR)(简称“激光雷达”)数据来验证该算法,结果表明,该算法能够有效去除地面上的植被、建筑物等地物点,保留真实的地面点云数据。该算法重点解决了在伴随地形变化时坡度滤波阈值的计算和自适应设置问题,以及在地形变化剧烈的边缘地带过度滤波的问题。
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42271343,42177387)the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Information and Image Analysis Technology of Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology under(No.6142A010403)
文摘This paper presents a method to reconstruct 3-D models of trees from terrestrial laser scan(TLS)point clouds.This method uses the weighted locally optimal projection(WLOP)and the AdTree method to reconstruct detailed 3-D tree models.To improve its representation accuracy,the WLOP algorithm is introduced to consolidate the point cloud.Its reconstruction accuracy is tested using a dataset of ten trees,and the one-sided Hausdorff distances between the input point clouds and the resulting 3-D models are measured.The experimental results show that the optimal projection modeling method has an average one-sided Hausdorff distance(mean)lower by 30.74%and 6.43%compared with AdTree and AdQSM methods,respectively.Furthermore,it has an average one-sided Hausdorff distance(RMS)lower by 29.95%and 12.28%compared with AdTree and AdQSM methods.Results show that the 3-D model generated fits closely to the input point cloud data and ensures a high geometrical accuracy.
