Gastrin and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) playimportant roles in the carcinogenesis and progression ofgastric cancer.However,it remains unknown whether the combination of cholecystokinin-2(CCK-2) receptor antagonist plus CO...Gastrin and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) playimportant roles in the carcinogenesis and progression ofgastric cancer.However,it remains unknown whether the combination of cholecystokinin-2(CCK-2) receptor antagonist plus COX-2 inhibitor exerts synergistic anti-tumor effects on human gastric cancer.Here,we demonstrated that the combination of AG-041R(a CCK-2 receptor antagonist) plus NS-398(a selective COX-2 inhibitor) treatment had synergistic effects on proliferation inhibition,apoptosis induction,down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax expression in MKN-45 cells.These results indicate that simultaneous targeting of CCK-2 receptor and COX-2 may inhibit gastric cancer development more effectively than targeting either molecule alone.(C)2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.All rights reserved.展开更多
Migration of dendritic cells (DCs) into tissues and secondary lymphoid organs plays a crucial role in the initiation of innate and adaptive immunity. In this article, we show that cyclosporin A (CsA) impairs the migra...Migration of dendritic cells (DCs) into tissues and secondary lymphoid organs plays a crucial role in the initiation of innate and adaptive immunity. In this article, we show that cyclosporin A (CsA) impairs the migration of DCs both in vitro and in vivo. Exposure of DCs to clinical concentrations of CsA neither induces apoptosis nor alters development but does impair cytokine secretion, chemokine receptor expression, and migration. In vitro, CsA impairs the migration of mouse bone marrow-derived DCs toward macrophage inflammatory protein-3beta (MIP-3beta) and induces them to retain responsiveness to MIP-1alpha after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DC maturation, while in vivo administration of CsA inhibits the migration of DCs out of skin and into the secondary lymphoid organs. CsA impairs chemokine receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression normally triggered in LPS-stimulated DCs; administration of exogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) reverses the effects of CsA on chemokine receptor expression and DC migration. Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway signaling by CsA may be responsible for the CsA-mediated effects on the regulation of chemokine receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Impairment of DC migration due to inhibition of PGE2 production and regulation of chemokine receptor expression may contribute, in part, to CsA-mediated immunosuppression.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2(TREM2) in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) model mice with Parkinson disease(PD) and explore the underlying s...OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2(TREM2) in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) model mice with Parkinson disease(PD) and explore the underlying signaling pathway that mediate TREM2 function.METHODS TREM2 adenovirus were stereologically injected into the right striatum.Two weeks later,MPTP was intraperitoneally injected to produce the acute MPTP mouse model of PD.Mice were sacrificed at different time points following MPTP for biochemical or histological study.RESULTS Overexpression of TREM2 remarkably reduced MPTP-induced neuropathology including the dopaminergic neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in vivo.Further study revealed that TREM2 may inhibit neuroinflammation by negatively regulating the TRAF6/TLR4-mediated activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.CONCLUSION TREM2 may have important neuroprotective effects against PD by critical y modulating neuroinflammatory responses.展开更多
目的观察血管活性肠肽（vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP）对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharides,LPS）应激的小鼠成纤维细胞髓样细胞表达触发受体-2（TREM-2）表达的影响,并初步探讨其信号转导通路。方法利用LPS腹腔注射建立急性肺损伤（...目的观察血管活性肠肽（vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP）对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharides,LPS）应激的小鼠成纤维细胞髓样细胞表达触发受体-2（TREM-2）表达的影响,并初步探讨其信号转导通路。方法利用LPS腹腔注射建立急性肺损伤（ALI）小鼠模型;采用VIP慢病毒气管滴注,q PCR检测肺组织TREM-2的表达。选用q PCR和流式细胞术检测VIP对LPS应激的小鼠成纤维细胞TREM-2表达的影响;并观察PKC信号通路阻断剂（H-7）、PKA信号通路阻断剂（H-89）、MAPK信号通路阻断剂（PD98059）和Ca M信号通路阻断剂（W-7）对VIP调控TREM-2表达的影响。结果 ALI时小鼠肺组织TREM-2 m RNA表达降低,而VIP可上调肺组织TREM-2 m RNA的表达。LPS下调小鼠成纤维细胞TREM-2 m RNA的表达,VIP可呈时间依赖性上调TREM-2 m RNA的表达（0、3、6、12和24 h）,且在6 h达到峰值;并呈剂量相关性上调TREM-2 m RNA的表达（10^（-10）、10^（-9）、10^（-8）和10^（-7）mol/L）,以10^（-8）mol/L作用最明显。VIP对LPS应激6 h增加小鼠成纤维细胞TREM-2 m RNA和蛋白表达的效应可被H-7、PD98059以及W-7所阻断。结论 LPS下调小鼠成纤维细胞TREM-2的表达,而VIP可上调LPS应激的小鼠成纤维细胞TREM-2 m RNA的表达,其胞内信号转导途径可能与PKC、MAPK及Ca M有关。展开更多
文摘Gastrin and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) playimportant roles in the carcinogenesis and progression ofgastric cancer.However,it remains unknown whether the combination of cholecystokinin-2(CCK-2) receptor antagonist plus COX-2 inhibitor exerts synergistic anti-tumor effects on human gastric cancer.Here,we demonstrated that the combination of AG-041R(a CCK-2 receptor antagonist) plus NS-398(a selective COX-2 inhibitor) treatment had synergistic effects on proliferation inhibition,apoptosis induction,down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax expression in MKN-45 cells.These results indicate that simultaneous targeting of CCK-2 receptor and COX-2 may inhibit gastric cancer development more effectively than targeting either molecule alone.(C)2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.All rights reserved.
文摘Migration of dendritic cells (DCs) into tissues and secondary lymphoid organs plays a crucial role in the initiation of innate and adaptive immunity. In this article, we show that cyclosporin A (CsA) impairs the migration of DCs both in vitro and in vivo. Exposure of DCs to clinical concentrations of CsA neither induces apoptosis nor alters development but does impair cytokine secretion, chemokine receptor expression, and migration. In vitro, CsA impairs the migration of mouse bone marrow-derived DCs toward macrophage inflammatory protein-3beta (MIP-3beta) and induces them to retain responsiveness to MIP-1alpha after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DC maturation, while in vivo administration of CsA inhibits the migration of DCs out of skin and into the secondary lymphoid organs. CsA impairs chemokine receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression normally triggered in LPS-stimulated DCs; administration of exogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) reverses the effects of CsA on chemokine receptor expression and DC migration. Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway signaling by CsA may be responsible for the CsA-mediated effects on the regulation of chemokine receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Impairment of DC migration due to inhibition of PGE2 production and regulation of chemokine receptor expression may contribute, in part, to CsA-mediated immunosuppression.
基金Shandong Province Science and Technology Program (2016GSF201061).
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2(TREM2) in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) model mice with Parkinson disease(PD) and explore the underlying signaling pathway that mediate TREM2 function.METHODS TREM2 adenovirus were stereologically injected into the right striatum.Two weeks later,MPTP was intraperitoneally injected to produce the acute MPTP mouse model of PD.Mice were sacrificed at different time points following MPTP for biochemical or histological study.RESULTS Overexpression of TREM2 remarkably reduced MPTP-induced neuropathology including the dopaminergic neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in vivo.Further study revealed that TREM2 may inhibit neuroinflammation by negatively regulating the TRAF6/TLR4-mediated activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.CONCLUSION TREM2 may have important neuroprotective effects against PD by critical y modulating neuroinflammatory responses.
文摘目的观察血管活性肠肽（vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP）对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharides,LPS）应激的小鼠成纤维细胞髓样细胞表达触发受体-2（TREM-2）表达的影响,并初步探讨其信号转导通路。方法利用LPS腹腔注射建立急性肺损伤（ALI）小鼠模型;采用VIP慢病毒气管滴注,q PCR检测肺组织TREM-2的表达。选用q PCR和流式细胞术检测VIP对LPS应激的小鼠成纤维细胞TREM-2表达的影响;并观察PKC信号通路阻断剂（H-7）、PKA信号通路阻断剂（H-89）、MAPK信号通路阻断剂（PD98059）和Ca M信号通路阻断剂（W-7）对VIP调控TREM-2表达的影响。结果 ALI时小鼠肺组织TREM-2 m RNA表达降低,而VIP可上调肺组织TREM-2 m RNA的表达。LPS下调小鼠成纤维细胞TREM-2 m RNA的表达,VIP可呈时间依赖性上调TREM-2 m RNA的表达（0、3、6、12和24 h）,且在6 h达到峰值;并呈剂量相关性上调TREM-2 m RNA的表达（10^（-10）、10^（-9）、10^（-8）和10^（-7）mol/L）,以10^（-8）mol/L作用最明显。VIP对LPS应激6 h增加小鼠成纤维细胞TREM-2 m RNA和蛋白表达的效应可被H-7、PD98059以及W-7所阻断。结论 LPS下调小鼠成纤维细胞TREM-2的表达,而VIP可上调LPS应激的小鼠成纤维细胞TREM-2 m RNA的表达,其胞内信号转导途径可能与PKC、MAPK及Ca M有关。
