For the carbon-neutral,a multi-carrier renewable energy system(MRES),driven by the wind,solar and geothermal,was considered as an effective solution to mitigate CO2emissions and reduce energy usage in the building sec...For the carbon-neutral,a multi-carrier renewable energy system(MRES),driven by the wind,solar and geothermal,was considered as an effective solution to mitigate CO2emissions and reduce energy usage in the building sector.A proper sizing method was essential for achieving the desired 100%renewable energy system of resources.This paper presented a bi-objective optimization formulation for sizing the MRES using a constrained genetic algorithm(GA)coupled with the loss of power supply probability(LPSP)method to achieve the minimal cost of the system and the reliability of the system to the load real time requirement.An optimization App has been developed in MATLAB environment to offer a user-friendly interface and output the optimized design parameters when given the load demand.A case study of a swimming pool building was used to demonstrate the process of the proposed design method.Compared to the conventional distributed energy system,the MRES is feasible with a lower annual total cost(ATC).Additionally,the ATC decreases as the power supply reliability of the renewable system decreases.There is a decrease of 24%of the annual total cost when the power supply probability is equal to 8%compared to the baseline case with 0%power supply probability.展开更多
为进一步提高电动车辆队列行驶的经济性、降低车用动力电池的容量衰减,对某电动货车队列开展了行驶速度规划研究.首先建立了电动货车的单车能耗模型;然后基于此单车能耗模型、固定车头间距的跟车间距策略,以及拟合得到的不同间距下队列...为进一步提高电动车辆队列行驶的经济性、降低车用动力电池的容量衰减,对某电动货车队列开展了行驶速度规划研究.首先建立了电动货车的单车能耗模型;然后基于此单车能耗模型、固定车头间距的跟车间距策略,以及拟合得到的不同间距下队列中各车的气动阻力系数,建立了队列的能耗模型;接着以队列能量消耗最低为优化目标,以行程时间和道路限速为约束,采用交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers,ADMM)对队列进行了行驶速度规划;最后仿真研究了规划速度对队列行驶能耗和车辆动力电池容量衰减的影响.研究结果表明:相比于队列按定速巡航与基于坡度加速度的二次规划车速行驶,队列按ADMM规划车速行驶可分别使电动汽车节能9.29%和7.75%,且随着行驶里程的增加,以ADMM规划车速行驶的节能效果愈加明显;车辆队列运行1年后,ADMM规划车速行驶的电池容量衰减相比其他2种规划行驶分别下降9.69%和2.54%,即采用ADMM规划车速行驶可以减缓电池的老化速度,且随着时间的推移,在这3种行驶速度下的电池容量衰减差异越来越大.展开更多
基金Project(52108101)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2020GK4057,2021JJ40759)supported by the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department,China。
文摘For the carbon-neutral,a multi-carrier renewable energy system(MRES),driven by the wind,solar and geothermal,was considered as an effective solution to mitigate CO2emissions and reduce energy usage in the building sector.A proper sizing method was essential for achieving the desired 100%renewable energy system of resources.This paper presented a bi-objective optimization formulation for sizing the MRES using a constrained genetic algorithm(GA)coupled with the loss of power supply probability(LPSP)method to achieve the minimal cost of the system and the reliability of the system to the load real time requirement.An optimization App has been developed in MATLAB environment to offer a user-friendly interface and output the optimized design parameters when given the load demand.A case study of a swimming pool building was used to demonstrate the process of the proposed design method.Compared to the conventional distributed energy system,the MRES is feasible with a lower annual total cost(ATC).Additionally,the ATC decreases as the power supply reliability of the renewable system decreases.There is a decrease of 24%of the annual total cost when the power supply probability is equal to 8%compared to the baseline case with 0%power supply probability.
文摘为进一步提高电动车辆队列行驶的经济性、降低车用动力电池的容量衰减,对某电动货车队列开展了行驶速度规划研究.首先建立了电动货车的单车能耗模型;然后基于此单车能耗模型、固定车头间距的跟车间距策略,以及拟合得到的不同间距下队列中各车的气动阻力系数,建立了队列的能耗模型;接着以队列能量消耗最低为优化目标,以行程时间和道路限速为约束,采用交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers,ADMM)对队列进行了行驶速度规划;最后仿真研究了规划速度对队列行驶能耗和车辆动力电池容量衰减的影响.研究结果表明:相比于队列按定速巡航与基于坡度加速度的二次规划车速行驶,队列按ADMM规划车速行驶可分别使电动汽车节能9.29%和7.75%,且随着行驶里程的增加,以ADMM规划车速行驶的节能效果愈加明显;车辆队列运行1年后,ADMM规划车速行驶的电池容量衰减相比其他2种规划行驶分别下降9.69%和2.54%,即采用ADMM规划车速行驶可以减缓电池的老化速度,且随着时间的推移,在这3种行驶速度下的电池容量衰减差异越来越大.
