Based on 3D, steady N-S equations and k-e turbulence model, Fluent was employed to do numerical simulation for lateral aerodynamic performance of 6-axis X2K double-deck container trains with two different loading form...Based on 3D, steady N-S equations and k-e turbulence model, Fluent was employed to do numerical simulation for lateral aerodynamic performance of 6-axis X2K double-deck container trains with two different loading forms, and speed limits of the freight trains were studied. The result indicates that under wind environment： 1） As for vehicles without and with cross-loaded structure, aero-pressure on the former is bigger, but air velocity around the latter is larger; 2） When sideslip angle θ=0°, the airflow is symmetry about train vertical axis; when θ〉0°, the airflow is detached at the top of vehicles, and the air velocity increases above the separated line but decreases below it; 3） With θ increasing, the lateral force on the mid vehicle firstly increases but decreases as θ=75°; 4） When the 6-axis X2K fiat car loads empty boxes of a 40 ft and a 48 ft at 120 km/h, the overturning wind speed is 25.19 m/s, and the train should be stopped under the 12th grade wind speed.展开更多
A control strategy of variable speed limits(VSL)was developed to reduce the travel time at freeway recurrent bottleneck areas.The proposed control strategy particularly focused on preventing the capacity drop and incr...A control strategy of variable speed limits(VSL)was developed to reduce the travel time at freeway recurrent bottleneck areas.The proposed control strategy particularly focused on preventing the capacity drop and increasing the discharge flow.A cell transmission model(CTM)was developed to evaluate the effects of the proposed VSL control strategy on the traffic operations.The results show that the total travel time is reduced by 25.5% and the delay is reduced by 56.1%.The average travel speed is increased by 34.3% and the queue length is reduced by 31.0%.The traffic operation is improved by the proposed VSL control strategy.The way to use the proposed VSL control strategy in different types of freeway bottlenecks was also discussed by considering different traffic flow characteristics.It is concluded that the VSL control strategy is effective for merge bottlenecks but is less effective for diverge bottlenecks.展开更多
风电机组一般通过综合惯量控制提供辅助调频,然而其调频效果受控制参数影响较大。文中综合考虑风电机组自身可调能力与系统频率响应指标,对风电调频参数整定进行研究。首先,建立计及风电和火电参与调频的系统频率响应(system frequency ...风电机组一般通过综合惯量控制提供辅助调频,然而其调频效果受控制参数影响较大。文中综合考虑风电机组自身可调能力与系统频率响应指标,对风电调频参数整定进行研究。首先,建立计及风电和火电参与调频的系统频率响应(system frequency response,SFR)模型,并推导频率响应指标的解析式。其次,对风电机组的转子运动方程进行线性化并建立转速模型,在不同风速工况下验证其准确性。然后,以提升系统频率最低点为目标,同时考虑风电机组转速下限和系统频率安全约束,整定其控制参数。最后,仿真结果验证所提风电调频控制参数整定方法在不同风电渗透率以及功率扰动下,均能够在确保系统频率安全的前提下充分利用风电机组的转子动能。展开更多
为了提高高速车辆-道岔复杂动力学响应的仿真计算效率和计算精度,构建了基于长短时记忆(Long Short Term Memory,LSTM)网络的动力学响应预测模型。首先,利用刚柔耦合动力学模型,生成不同水平不平顺状态下的轮轨垂向力样本。然后,将水平...为了提高高速车辆-道岔复杂动力学响应的仿真计算效率和计算精度,构建了基于长短时记忆(Long Short Term Memory,LSTM)网络的动力学响应预测模型。首先,利用刚柔耦合动力学模型,生成不同水平不平顺状态下的轮轨垂向力样本。然后,将水平不平顺幅值作为模型输入,轮轨垂向力作为输出,引入dropout参数,训练LSTM网络并采用均方误差和决定系数来评价模型性能。最后,基于计算结果分析轮重减载率和统计超限概率。结果表明:本文搭建的LSTM网络在训练轮次达到5000次后,均方误差基本稳定在0.00267,测试集的决定系数为0.903,模型具有较高的可靠性,可用于预测不平顺状态下的车辆-道岔动力学响应;与传统动力学模型计算相比,LSTM模型计算效率提高了约26倍,大幅提高了计算效率且计算精度达到要求;水平不平顺幅值达到6 mm时,超限概率达到了9.08%,超过了容许阈值。展开更多
基金Project supported by Scholarship Award for Excellent Doctoral Student granted by Ministry of Education,ChinaProject(2012QNZT029) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China+1 种基金Project(CX2010B122) supported by Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate,ChinaProject(2010ybfz088) supported by the Foundation of Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of Central South University,China
文摘Based on 3D, steady N-S equations and k-e turbulence model, Fluent was employed to do numerical simulation for lateral aerodynamic performance of 6-axis X2K double-deck container trains with two different loading forms, and speed limits of the freight trains were studied. The result indicates that under wind environment： 1） As for vehicles without and with cross-loaded structure, aero-pressure on the former is bigger, but air velocity around the latter is larger; 2） When sideslip angle θ=0°, the airflow is symmetry about train vertical axis; when θ〉0°, the airflow is detached at the top of vehicles, and the air velocity increases above the separated line but decreases below it; 3） With θ increasing, the lateral force on the mid vehicle firstly increases but decreases as θ=75°; 4） When the 6-axis X2K fiat car loads empty boxes of a 40 ft and a 48 ft at 120 km/h, the overturning wind speed is 25.19 m/s, and the train should be stopped under the 12th grade wind speed.
基金Project(2012CB725400)supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(2011AA110303)supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(YBPY1211)supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of the Graduate School of Southeast University,China
文摘A control strategy of variable speed limits(VSL)was developed to reduce the travel time at freeway recurrent bottleneck areas.The proposed control strategy particularly focused on preventing the capacity drop and increasing the discharge flow.A cell transmission model(CTM)was developed to evaluate the effects of the proposed VSL control strategy on the traffic operations.The results show that the total travel time is reduced by 25.5% and the delay is reduced by 56.1%.The average travel speed is increased by 34.3% and the queue length is reduced by 31.0%.The traffic operation is improved by the proposed VSL control strategy.The way to use the proposed VSL control strategy in different types of freeway bottlenecks was also discussed by considering different traffic flow characteristics.It is concluded that the VSL control strategy is effective for merge bottlenecks but is less effective for diverge bottlenecks.
文摘风电机组一般通过综合惯量控制提供辅助调频,然而其调频效果受控制参数影响较大。文中综合考虑风电机组自身可调能力与系统频率响应指标,对风电调频参数整定进行研究。首先,建立计及风电和火电参与调频的系统频率响应(system frequency response,SFR)模型,并推导频率响应指标的解析式。其次,对风电机组的转子运动方程进行线性化并建立转速模型,在不同风速工况下验证其准确性。然后,以提升系统频率最低点为目标,同时考虑风电机组转速下限和系统频率安全约束,整定其控制参数。最后,仿真结果验证所提风电调频控制参数整定方法在不同风电渗透率以及功率扰动下,均能够在确保系统频率安全的前提下充分利用风电机组的转子动能。
文摘为了提高高速车辆-道岔复杂动力学响应的仿真计算效率和计算精度,构建了基于长短时记忆(Long Short Term Memory,LSTM)网络的动力学响应预测模型。首先,利用刚柔耦合动力学模型,生成不同水平不平顺状态下的轮轨垂向力样本。然后,将水平不平顺幅值作为模型输入,轮轨垂向力作为输出,引入dropout参数,训练LSTM网络并采用均方误差和决定系数来评价模型性能。最后,基于计算结果分析轮重减载率和统计超限概率。结果表明:本文搭建的LSTM网络在训练轮次达到5000次后,均方误差基本稳定在0.00267,测试集的决定系数为0.903,模型具有较高的可靠性,可用于预测不平顺状态下的车辆-道岔动力学响应;与传统动力学模型计算相比,LSTM模型计算效率提高了约26倍,大幅提高了计算效率且计算精度达到要求;水平不平顺幅值达到6 mm时,超限概率达到了9.08%,超过了容许阈值。
