Objective The purpose of the present study is to provide scientific evidence for the implementation of standardized management of the loaner instruments by examining the process of receiving through issuing steps and ...Objective The purpose of the present study is to provide scientific evidence for the implementation of standardized management of the loaner instruments by examining the process of receiving through issuing steps and analyzing challenges encountered by the CSSD of our hospital. Methods The loaner instruments were collected and categorized into the control group( 2 639 pieces during the period of January 2013 to December 2014) and the observation group( 2 418 pieces during the period of January 2015 to December 2016). The possible causes of the challenges were carefully investigated and analyzed. Results After the implementation of standardized management procedures,the efficiency and qualified care of the loaner instruments was significantly improved by measuring qualified rate. The difference in the qualified rate between control and observation groups was statistically significant( P < 0. 01). Conclusion The implementation of the standardized management procedures is important for central sterilization supply departments in guarantee of safe supplies of the loaner instruments,reducing operation risks,and ultimately ensuring patient safety.展开更多
Optimization procedures are required to minimize the amount of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions from marine engines.This study discusses the procedures to optimize the performance of any marine engine implemente...Optimization procedures are required to minimize the amount of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions from marine engines.This study discusses the procedures to optimize the performance of any marine engine implemented in a 0D/1D numerical model in order to achieve lower values of exhaust emissions.From that point,an extension of previous simulation researches is presented to calculate the amount of SOx emissions from two marine diesel engines along their load diagrams based on the percentage of sulfur in the marine fuel used.The variations of SOx emissions are computed in g/k W·h and in parts per million(ppm)as functions of the optimized parameters:brake specific fuel consumption and the amount of air-fuel ratio respectively.Then,a surrogate model-based response surface methodology is used to generate polynomial equations to estimate the amount of SOx emissions as functions of engine speed and load.These developed non-dimensional equations can be further used directly to assess the value of SOx emissions for different percentages of sulfur of the selected or similar engines to be used in different marine applications.展开更多
Background:Snakebites can lead to lifelong consequences and is one of the main causes of death among military troops worldwide.However,few Chinese military medics know the proper first aid procedures for snakebites.Th...Background:Snakebites can lead to lifelong consequences and is one of the main causes of death among military troops worldwide.However,few Chinese military medics know the proper first aid procedures for snakebites.Therefore,this study aimed to explore the impact of the Standard Operation Procedure(SOP)and checklist on Chinese military medics’ability to manage snakebite first aid.Methods:This study was a prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in a military medical university of China from May to June 2017.A questionnaire-based survey was performed to collect the participants’socio-demographic profiles before the baseline measurement.During the baseline measurement,participants were requested to provide corresponding first aid that was responsive to the simulative situation portrayed by the standardized patients(SPs)and the evaluators then scored their performances according to a checklist for snakebite first aid scoring table.After the baseline measurement,they were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups after stratification according to their baseline performance scores:group A received a self-learning course with textbooks(n=27),group B received a self-learning training on the SOP and checklist(n=27)and group C was engaged in an interactive discussion panel regarding the SOP and checklist(n=26).After the interventions,participants received outcome measurements about snakebite first aid key points capability from the same evaluator and SP for each group to avoid observational error.The reviewers were blinded about the grouping in the trial.Results:The baseline measurement yielded no significant difference(H=1.647,P=0.439)among the three groups.The post-intervention scores were higher than the pre-intervention scores for all three(A,B and C)groups(P=0.008,P<0.001 and P<0.001,respectively).There was significant difference of the post-intervention scores among the three groups(F=8.841,P<0.001).Both post-intervention scores of group B and group C were higher than that of group A(P<0.001 and P=0.001,respectively),but no difference was found between group B and C(P=0.695).The acceptance questionnaire score of SOP and checklist was mostly very satisfied,as the final scores of group B and group C were 4.62±0.61 and 4.82±0.45,respectively.Conclusions:In this study,the implementation of an SOP and checklist for snakebite first aid was shown to update and improve first aid treatment concepts in military medics.These intervention methods played an important role in improving the medics’cognition and understanding of snakebite first aid.Therefore,this finding suggests that SOP and checklist training should be further implemented in Chinese troops for snakebite care.展开更多
基金Special Fund of Academic Competence Improvement Project in Nursing of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western M edicine(TG20180002g)
文摘Objective The purpose of the present study is to provide scientific evidence for the implementation of standardized management of the loaner instruments by examining the process of receiving through issuing steps and analyzing challenges encountered by the CSSD of our hospital. Methods The loaner instruments were collected and categorized into the control group( 2 639 pieces during the period of January 2013 to December 2014) and the observation group( 2 418 pieces during the period of January 2015 to December 2016). The possible causes of the challenges were carefully investigated and analyzed. Results After the implementation of standardized management procedures,the efficiency and qualified care of the loaner instruments was significantly improved by measuring qualified rate. The difference in the qualified rate between control and observation groups was statistically significant( P < 0. 01). Conclusion The implementation of the standardized management procedures is important for central sterilization supply departments in guarantee of safe supplies of the loaner instruments,reducing operation risks,and ultimately ensuring patient safety.
基金performed within the Strategic Research Plan of the Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering(CENTEC)financed by Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(Fundacao para a Ciência e Tecnologia(FCT)),under contract UID/Multi/00134/2013-LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-007629。
文摘Optimization procedures are required to minimize the amount of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions from marine engines.This study discusses the procedures to optimize the performance of any marine engine implemented in a 0D/1D numerical model in order to achieve lower values of exhaust emissions.From that point,an extension of previous simulation researches is presented to calculate the amount of SOx emissions from two marine diesel engines along their load diagrams based on the percentage of sulfur in the marine fuel used.The variations of SOx emissions are computed in g/k W·h and in parts per million(ppm)as functions of the optimized parameters:brake specific fuel consumption and the amount of air-fuel ratio respectively.Then,a surrogate model-based response surface methodology is used to generate polynomial equations to estimate the amount of SOx emissions as functions of engine speed and load.These developed non-dimensional equations can be further used directly to assess the value of SOx emissions for different percentages of sulfur of the selected or similar engines to be used in different marine applications.
基金supported by the Clinical Support program of General Hospital of PLA(No.2018FC-WJFWZX-2-19)Military Medical Innovation Program(18CXZ009)。
文摘Background:Snakebites can lead to lifelong consequences and is one of the main causes of death among military troops worldwide.However,few Chinese military medics know the proper first aid procedures for snakebites.Therefore,this study aimed to explore the impact of the Standard Operation Procedure(SOP)and checklist on Chinese military medics’ability to manage snakebite first aid.Methods:This study was a prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in a military medical university of China from May to June 2017.A questionnaire-based survey was performed to collect the participants’socio-demographic profiles before the baseline measurement.During the baseline measurement,participants were requested to provide corresponding first aid that was responsive to the simulative situation portrayed by the standardized patients(SPs)and the evaluators then scored their performances according to a checklist for snakebite first aid scoring table.After the baseline measurement,they were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups after stratification according to their baseline performance scores:group A received a self-learning course with textbooks(n=27),group B received a self-learning training on the SOP and checklist(n=27)and group C was engaged in an interactive discussion panel regarding the SOP and checklist(n=26).After the interventions,participants received outcome measurements about snakebite first aid key points capability from the same evaluator and SP for each group to avoid observational error.The reviewers were blinded about the grouping in the trial.Results:The baseline measurement yielded no significant difference(H=1.647,P=0.439)among the three groups.The post-intervention scores were higher than the pre-intervention scores for all three(A,B and C)groups(P=0.008,P<0.001 and P<0.001,respectively).There was significant difference of the post-intervention scores among the three groups(F=8.841,P<0.001).Both post-intervention scores of group B and group C were higher than that of group A(P<0.001 and P=0.001,respectively),but no difference was found between group B and C(P=0.695).The acceptance questionnaire score of SOP and checklist was mostly very satisfied,as the final scores of group B and group C were 4.62±0.61 and 4.82±0.45,respectively.Conclusions:In this study,the implementation of an SOP and checklist for snakebite first aid was shown to update and improve first aid treatment concepts in military medics.These intervention methods played an important role in improving the medics’cognition and understanding of snakebite first aid.Therefore,this finding suggests that SOP and checklist training should be further implemented in Chinese troops for snakebite care.
