By two years （2007-2008） located fertilizer experiment, the effect of long-term combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on black soil fertility and crop yield was investigated in Shuangcheng City, ...By two years （2007-2008） located fertilizer experiment, the effect of long-term combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on black soil fertility and crop yield was investigated in Shuangcheng City, Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers could increase the organinc matter, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. At the same time, the increasing application of organic fertilizer could reduce the soil bulk density and improve the field moisture capacity. Field moisture capacity and organic matter of the combined application of high quantities of organic manure and inorganic fertilizers AtB5 treatment increased the fhstest, organic matter increased by 3.33 g. kg and field moisture capacity increased by 11.25% than the beginning of the experiment. Under the same fertilization, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers＇ increasing production range was higher than the single chemical fertilizers＇ which was from 0.8% to 9.4%. The results showed that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers could increase the nutrient contents of soil and also was the highest productivity contribution to black soil fertility. It was the best fertilization structure of increasing productivity level and improving the soil fertility.展开更多
Using soil data of the Second National Field Survey,the soil fertility of wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake was evaluated by using the technology of GIS and method of fuzzy evaluation.Integrated with the wetland actu...Using soil data of the Second National Field Survey,the soil fertility of wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake was evaluated by using the technology of GIS and method of fuzzy evaluation.Integrated with the wetland actuality of Dongting Lake and particularity of paddy,seven factors (including soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,available potassium,and pH value),closely related with soil fertility,were chosen to establish the index system of synthetical evaluation.Based on the effect degree of each selected index on soil fertility,a judgment matrix was built,and the weight coefficient was determined by the method of correlation coefficient.Finally,under the support of the spatial analysis module of GIS (Geographic Information System),the spatial distribution properties of soil fertility in wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake were studied.The results show that the soil fertility of Dongting Lake wetland ecosystem is not very good,and the area of type III and type IV achieves 69.8%.As a result,many countermeasures should be taken to improve the soil fertility.As for the spatial properties,the soil fertility level of central and west Dongting Lake is much higher than that of north and south part.The soil fertility of paddy field surpasses that of red soil,and the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in paddy field are large.展开更多
Potentially toxic metals,Cd and Pb in paddy soil,have important meanings for safety of rice.A comparison extraction of Cd and Pb with EDTA,DTPA,citric acid,and FeCl3 and effects on soil fertility was studied.Results i...Potentially toxic metals,Cd and Pb in paddy soil,have important meanings for safety of rice.A comparison extraction of Cd and Pb with EDTA,DTPA,citric acid,and FeCl3 and effects on soil fertility was studied.Results indicate that about 59%and 63%of soil Cd and Pb were simultaneously removed by 10 g/L EDTA at pH 5 with a soil/extractant ratio of 1:10(W/V)for 30 min while 52%and 51%by 5 g/L DTPA.Acid extractable and reducible Cd by EDTA and DTPA contributed 58%and 53%of the removals and acid extractable and reducible Pb were about 49%and 41%,respectively.Slight changes of soil fertility,including pH,cation exchange capacity,organic matter,and soil extractable phosphorus,were observed.Extractions of citric acid and ferric chloride,however,were only efficient for Cd and the soil pH was decreased significantly.This study suggests that EDTA and DTPA can be considered as suitable agents to clean up the paddy soils contaminated with potentially toxic metals.展开更多
Due to the spatial heterogeneity of forest soil,it is a difficult problem to evaluate the forest soil fertility on a large scale.This study conducted a grid survey of forest soil in Yunfu City,Guangdong Province,and u...Due to the spatial heterogeneity of forest soil,it is a difficult problem to evaluate the forest soil fertility on a large scale.This study conducted a grid survey of forest soil in Yunfu City,Guangdong Province,and used the the gray correlation system to evaluate forest soil fertility in each county.The results showed that the effect of using the gray correlation analysis to evaluate soil fertility in Yunfu city was ideal,and the fertilizer strength in each county was in order of Yunan,Yun'an,Yuncheng,Xinxing,and Luoding.The results can provide an appropriate scientific basis for forestry division within the county scale.展开更多
The F2, F3, families and F4 lines of six soybean crosses, were selected successively under high-and low - fertility sites with the relection objective of high yield and the method of pedigree was used. Two best F4 - d...The F2, F3, families and F4 lines of six soybean crosses, were selected successively under high-and low - fertility sites with the relection objective of high yield and the method of pedigree was used. Two best F4 - derived lines were chosen from each of the six crosses under both high-and low-fertility for use in this study. In 1995, the total 24 lines were tested in high, medium and low fertility sites with the same experimental design (CRB) to study the selcctoin effects of high and low - fertility. The results suggested that high- and low-fertility had different selection effects. High fertility was more effective for selecting lines, which had higher yield under high-fertility and lower yield under low-fertility; low-fertility was better for selecting lines, which had higher yield under low-fertility and lower yield under low-fertility, and high fertility was somewhat better than low fertility for selecting lines, which had higher yield under both high and low-fertility. It revealed that the lines selected from high-fertility had superior yield potential. The lines selected from high-fertility had shorter plant height, more nodes on main stem, fewer branches, higher seed-stem ratio. The reverse was true for the lines selected from low-fertility . The lodging-resistance of the lines selected from highfertility was greater than that of the lines from low-fertility. The soil fertility level of breeding nursery should be chosen according to the breeding objective.展开更多
The present study was conducted to see the short term impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil microbial biomass both in spring and summer. Also aimed to observe the correlation between soil microbial bioma...The present study was conducted to see the short term impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil microbial biomass both in spring and summer. Also aimed to observe the correlation between soil microbial biomass and soil DNA. The study concluded that type of fertilizer might alter the soil microbial biomass and DNA contents. In soil treated with organic fertilizers resulted in higher concentrations of microbial biomass and DNA contents in summer as compared to spring dute to increase in temperature. Correspondingly, in case of inorganic fertilizer, concentrations of soil microbial biomass and DNA detected higher in summer instead of spring. The statistical correlation between soil microbial biomass, DNA and ODR in spring and summer along with organic and inorganic fertilizers were calculated highly significant （p〉0.01）. This study demonstrated the impact of fertilizers and seasonal variations on soil microbial biomass and also revealed significant correlation between soil microbial biomass and soil DNA.展开更多
How to improve the water use efficiency of rice in black soil regions was studied. The black soil region in paddy fields was chosen as the research object. The research showed the fertilizer coupling mathematical mode...How to improve the water use efficiency of rice in black soil regions was studied. The black soil region in paddy fields was chosen as the research object. The research showed the fertilizer coupling mathematical model with N,P,K,irrigation water( W) and water use efficiency( WUE),which was set up under the condition of controlled irrigation with quadratic D- 416 optimized saturation design. The results show that the decending order of single factor' s influence on the WUE was N,K,P and W. All the interactions between N&P,N&K,N&W,K&P,P&W and K&W on the WUE were raised initially,and when reached a certain value,they began to decline. The decending order of each interaction on the WUE was K&P,K&W,N&K,N&P,P&W and N&W. When the WUE was targeted within 1. 8- 2. 5 kg / km^3,an optimized proportion plan was obtained in the 95% confidence interval,i. e. N 87. 76- 103. 32 kg / hm^2,K_2 O 52. 37- 66. 53 kg / hm^2 and P_2O_536. 80- 46. 71 kg / hm^2. Furthermore,the late tillering of the soil moisture content was 70. 07%- 72. 57% of the saturated moisture content.展开更多
The results of pot and pond trials are as follows.On equal amount of nitrogen(N)applied,the wheat nitrate reduction activity(NRA)and photosynthesis strength and other phy-siological properties are stronger and yields ...The results of pot and pond trials are as follows.On equal amount of nitrogen(N)applied,the wheat nitrate reduction activity(NRA)and photosynthesis strength and other phy-siological properties are stronger and yields are higher at normal soil moisture than those atdrought.At the same soil moisture,in a certain range of N applied,these properties of wheat in-crease with the increasing of N applied,but they descend when the amount of N applied exceedsa certain range.展开更多
【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference fo...【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference for the manufacture and application of both microbial agents and Si fertilizer in food lily production.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted over a three-year period,from March 2019 to March 2022.The experimental field had been continuously cultivated with lily for 9 years.Three treatments were established:silicon fertilizer(SF),microbial agents(“Special 8^(TM)”,MF),and combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents(SMF).A control group with blank soil(CK)was also included.At seedling stage of Lanzhou lilies in 2020 and 2021,the shoot and bulb dry weight,and the plant height and stem diameter of Lanzhou lilies were investigated for calculation of seedling index.In July 2020,20 plants were selected in each plot,and root zone soils were sampled at a depth of 20 cm,10 cm away from the roots,and then mixed to form a composite sample.The soil available Si and organic matter content were analyzed,and the fungal community structure and some specific microbial groups in soils were determined with high-throughput sequencing of ITS.【Results】All the three treatments significantly enhanced the lily plant growth and the seedling index,compared to CK.Besides,SF and MF treatments increased the relative abundances(RA)and diversity of fungal communities,and altered the community structures.The RA of some specific groups were found to be significantly correlated with the seedling index and/or soil available Si.Of them,the RA of the genera Fusarium,Dactylonectria,Humicola,Stilbella,and the species Humicola_grisea showed a positive correlation,while that of the genera Mortierella,Stilbella,Holtermanniella,and the species Mortierella_fatshederae showed a negative correlation with seedling index.The genera Fusarium,Stilbella,the species Humicola_grisea,and Dactylonectria_estremocensis showed a positive correlation,while the genura Stilbella,and the species Mortierella fatshederae showed a negative correlation with available Si content.In the co-occurence network of top twenty fungal genera and top sixteen bacterial genera(RA>0.2%),Holtermanniella was the only genus that interacted with the bacteria and negatively correlated with bacterial genus Blastococcus.Holtermanniella was also the most densely connected genera,followed by the genus Fusarium,Didymella and Humicola.In addition,the genus Holtermanniella was the key species connecting fungal and bacterial community in soil.Fungal functional prediction revealed that SF,MF and SMF treatments decreased plant pathogens guilds and increased the beneficial guilds Ectomycorrhizal,plant saprophyte,leaf saprophyte,and arbuscular mycorrhizal compared to CK.【Conclusions】Combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents can alleviate continuous replanting problems of Lanzhou lilies through restoring the fungal community diversity,and promoting plant residue depredation,thus reducing soil born disease incidence.The beneficial genus Humicola and its one species H.grisea acts as bioconversion,and the genus Acremonium acts as plant pathogen inhibitor.展开更多
Regressive models were obtained by employing '311 B' and '3414' optimal regressive desingns through 5 year (1993～1997) field experiment,and by datum processing with computer.These models express the...Regressive models were obtained by employing '311 B' and '3414' optimal regressive desingns through 5 year (1993～1997) field experiment,and by datum processing with computer.These models express the relationships between corn yields in high,middle and low yield areas and N,P,and K application rates in black soil.By analysis to the models,the fertilizer application rates for maximum yield and optimal yield were achieved.展开更多
The experiment was conducted to study the impact of application of microbial inoculants, compared with no microbial fertilizer, on enzyme activity, microbial biomass and available nutrient contents in paddy soil in He...The experiment was conducted to study the impact of application of microbial inoculants, compared with no microbial fertilizer, on enzyme activity, microbial biomass and available nutrient contents in paddy soil in Heilongjiang Province. The application of soil phosphorus activator was able to increase the quantity of bacteria and fungi in soil, but its effect on actinomycetes in soil was not significant. The application of microbial inoculants increased the urease and sucrase activities in soil over the growing season, but only at the maturing stage soil acid phosphatase activity was enhanced with the applying soil phosphorus activator. The application of soil phosphorus activator increased alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus contents in soil, but did not increase available potassium content in soil. The optimal microbial inoculant application rate as applied as soil phosphorus activator was 7.5 kg hm-2.展开更多
This paper reports the diagnosis studies of soil nutrient status and deficiency of 12nutrients elements by using the systematic approach of soil nutrient status.The characteristicsof vegetable soils,the nutrient balan...This paper reports the diagnosis studies of soil nutrient status and deficiency of 12nutrients elements by using the systematic approach of soil nutrient status.The characteristicsof vegetable soils,the nutrient balance of different vegetable soils and the limiting factors andtheir extent to reducing yield in developing and developed vegetable soils were studied.And thebalance fertilization for further yield-increasing and quality improving was recommended.展开更多
Plant residue application is an important way to maintain soil productivity. In order to determine whether walnut leaf can be returned to soil or not and get the conditions of efficient decomposition, the effect of wa...Plant residue application is an important way to maintain soil productivity. In order to determine whether walnut leaf can be returned to soil or not and get the conditions of efficient decomposition, the effect of walnut （Juglans sigillata Dode） leaf decomposition under various conditions （different temperatures, durations and leaf-soil ratios） upon soil chemicals and biological properties were analyzed. Compared with the original soil, adding walnut leaf to soil could decrease soil pH, increase EC, nutrient contents, microbial quantity and enzyme activities. Total nitrogen, total organic carbon and organic matter increased with the increasing of decomposition duration, temperature and leaf-soil ratio. Enzyme activities changed with different decomposition conditions, but the highest activities of alkaline phosphatase and catalase were associated with the lower temperature （15℃）, the highest concentration （10 ： 100） and the shortest duration （0 day）. Walnut leaves decomposition for 20 or 30 days at 15℃ and with 10 ： 100 ratio significantly promoted bacteria, fungi and the total microbial quantity. Walnut leaves can be returned to soil because their decomposition could improve relevant indicators of soil fertility, decomposition conditions as shorter durations （20 days）, lower temperature （ 15 ℃） and higher concentrations of leaves （ 10 ： 100） were the more effective decomposition conditions for walnut leaves.展开更多
In order to study the effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in dandelion after sowing,the experiment applied four levels of treatments of carbon-based organic ...In order to study the effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in dandelion after sowing,the experiment applied four levels of treatments of carbon-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),and the base fertilizer that only applied conventional chemical fertilizer was used as the control.The total flavonoid contents and physiological indices of dandelion in different growth periods were determined.The results showed that the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in leaves and roots of dandelion improved significantly by applying biochar-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),with the highest total flavonoid occurred in the 0.45 kg•m^(-2) biochar-based organic fertilizer treatment.Along with dandelion growing,the total flavonoid contents in leaves were first elevated,and then decreased,with the maximum reached at 95 days after sowing(anthesis).While the total flavonoid contents in roots were elevated constantly.The total flavonoid contents accumulation in dandelion were positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,soluble sugar content,soluble protein,nitrate nitrogen,and available potassium,while negatively correlated with intercellular CO_(2) concentration.展开更多
基金Supported by Black Soil Conservation Tillage and Oriented Cultivation Technology Research (GB06B107-1)Innovation Fund of Northeast Agricultural University (CXP7003-3-3)+1 种基金Northeast Agricultural University and the Scientific Research Fund of Heilongjiang Province to Black CollegesUniversities Cold Key Laboratory of Utilization and Protection of Open-funded Projects (GXS08-5)
文摘By two years （2007-2008） located fertilizer experiment, the effect of long-term combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on black soil fertility and crop yield was investigated in Shuangcheng City, Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers could increase the organinc matter, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. At the same time, the increasing application of organic fertilizer could reduce the soil bulk density and improve the field moisture capacity. Field moisture capacity and organic matter of the combined application of high quantities of organic manure and inorganic fertilizers AtB5 treatment increased the fhstest, organic matter increased by 3.33 g. kg and field moisture capacity increased by 11.25% than the beginning of the experiment. Under the same fertilization, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers＇ increasing production range was higher than the single chemical fertilizers＇ which was from 0.8% to 9.4%. The results showed that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers could increase the nutrient contents of soil and also was the highest productivity contribution to black soil fertility. It was the best fertilization structure of increasing productivity level and improving the soil fertility.
基金Projects(40971170,51039001) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2007AA10Z222) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘Using soil data of the Second National Field Survey,the soil fertility of wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake was evaluated by using the technology of GIS and method of fuzzy evaluation.Integrated with the wetland actuality of Dongting Lake and particularity of paddy,seven factors (including soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,available potassium,and pH value),closely related with soil fertility,were chosen to establish the index system of synthetical evaluation.Based on the effect degree of each selected index on soil fertility,a judgment matrix was built,and the weight coefficient was determined by the method of correlation coefficient.Finally,under the support of the spatial analysis module of GIS (Geographic Information System),the spatial distribution properties of soil fertility in wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake were studied.The results show that the soil fertility of Dongting Lake wetland ecosystem is not very good,and the area of type III and type IV achieves 69.8%.As a result,many countermeasures should be taken to improve the soil fertility.As for the spatial properties,the soil fertility level of central and west Dongting Lake is much higher than that of north and south part.The soil fertility of paddy field surpasses that of red soil,and the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in paddy field are large.
基金Project(2015BAD05B02)supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program,China
文摘Potentially toxic metals,Cd and Pb in paddy soil,have important meanings for safety of rice.A comparison extraction of Cd and Pb with EDTA,DTPA,citric acid,and FeCl3 and effects on soil fertility was studied.Results indicate that about 59%and 63%of soil Cd and Pb were simultaneously removed by 10 g/L EDTA at pH 5 with a soil/extractant ratio of 1:10(W/V)for 30 min while 52%and 51%by 5 g/L DTPA.Acid extractable and reducible Cd by EDTA and DTPA contributed 58%and 53%of the removals and acid extractable and reducible Pb were about 49%and 41%,respectively.Slight changes of soil fertility,including pH,cation exchange capacity,organic matter,and soil extractable phosphorus,were observed.Extractions of citric acid and ferric chloride,however,were only efficient for Cd and the soil pH was decreased significantly.This study suggests that EDTA and DTPA can be considered as suitable agents to clean up the paddy soils contaminated with potentially toxic metals.
基金Provincial Science and Technology Research Project of Guangdong(2014KJcx022)
文摘Due to the spatial heterogeneity of forest soil,it is a difficult problem to evaluate the forest soil fertility on a large scale.This study conducted a grid survey of forest soil in Yunfu City,Guangdong Province,and used the the gray correlation system to evaluate forest soil fertility in each county.The results showed that the effect of using the gray correlation analysis to evaluate soil fertility in Yunfu city was ideal,and the fertilizer strength in each county was in order of Yunan,Yun'an,Yuncheng,Xinxing,and Luoding.The results can provide an appropriate scientific basis for forestry division within the county scale.
文摘The F2, F3, families and F4 lines of six soybean crosses, were selected successively under high-and low - fertility sites with the relection objective of high yield and the method of pedigree was used. Two best F4 - derived lines were chosen from each of the six crosses under both high-and low-fertility for use in this study. In 1995, the total 24 lines were tested in high, medium and low fertility sites with the same experimental design (CRB) to study the selcctoin effects of high and low - fertility. The results suggested that high- and low-fertility had different selection effects. High fertility was more effective for selecting lines, which had higher yield under high-fertility and lower yield under low-fertility; low-fertility was better for selecting lines, which had higher yield under low-fertility and lower yield under low-fertility, and high fertility was somewhat better than low fertility for selecting lines, which had higher yield under both high and low-fertility. It revealed that the lines selected from high-fertility had superior yield potential. The lines selected from high-fertility had shorter plant height, more nodes on main stem, fewer branches, higher seed-stem ratio. The reverse was true for the lines selected from low-fertility . The lodging-resistance of the lines selected from highfertility was greater than that of the lines from low-fertility. The soil fertility level of breeding nursery should be chosen according to the breeding objective.
基金Supported by the University Science and Technology Innovation Team Construction Projects of Heilongjiang Province(2013 TD003)
文摘The present study was conducted to see the short term impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil microbial biomass both in spring and summer. Also aimed to observe the correlation between soil microbial biomass and soil DNA. The study concluded that type of fertilizer might alter the soil microbial biomass and DNA contents. In soil treated with organic fertilizers resulted in higher concentrations of microbial biomass and DNA contents in summer as compared to spring dute to increase in temperature. Correspondingly, in case of inorganic fertilizer, concentrations of soil microbial biomass and DNA detected higher in summer instead of spring. The statistical correlation between soil microbial biomass, DNA and ODR in spring and summer along with organic and inorganic fertilizers were calculated highly significant （p〉0.01）. This study demonstrated the impact of fertilizers and seasonal variations on soil microbial biomass and also revealed significant correlation between soil microbial biomass and soil DNA.
文摘How to improve the water use efficiency of rice in black soil regions was studied. The black soil region in paddy fields was chosen as the research object. The research showed the fertilizer coupling mathematical model with N,P,K,irrigation water( W) and water use efficiency( WUE),which was set up under the condition of controlled irrigation with quadratic D- 416 optimized saturation design. The results show that the decending order of single factor' s influence on the WUE was N,K,P and W. All the interactions between N&P,N&K,N&W,K&P,P&W and K&W on the WUE were raised initially,and when reached a certain value,they began to decline. The decending order of each interaction on the WUE was K&P,K&W,N&K,N&P,P&W and N&W. When the WUE was targeted within 1. 8- 2. 5 kg / km^3,an optimized proportion plan was obtained in the 95% confidence interval,i. e. N 87. 76- 103. 32 kg / hm^2,K_2 O 52. 37- 66. 53 kg / hm^2 and P_2O_536. 80- 46. 71 kg / hm^2. Furthermore,the late tillering of the soil moisture content was 70. 07%- 72. 57% of the saturated moisture content.
文摘The results of pot and pond trials are as follows.On equal amount of nitrogen(N)applied,the wheat nitrate reduction activity(NRA)and photosynthesis strength and other phy-siological properties are stronger and yields are higher at normal soil moisture than those atdrought.At the same soil moisture,in a certain range of N applied,these properties of wheat in-crease with the increasing of N applied,but they descend when the amount of N applied exceedsa certain range.
基金Key Research project of Gansu Province of China(22YF7NA108)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860549)+1 种基金Industry Supporting Project from Education Department of Gansu Province(2023CYZC-49)Major Science and Technology project of Gansu province(24ZDNA006)。
文摘【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference for the manufacture and application of both microbial agents and Si fertilizer in food lily production.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted over a three-year period,from March 2019 to March 2022.The experimental field had been continuously cultivated with lily for 9 years.Three treatments were established:silicon fertilizer(SF),microbial agents(“Special 8^(TM)”,MF),and combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents(SMF).A control group with blank soil(CK)was also included.At seedling stage of Lanzhou lilies in 2020 and 2021,the shoot and bulb dry weight,and the plant height and stem diameter of Lanzhou lilies were investigated for calculation of seedling index.In July 2020,20 plants were selected in each plot,and root zone soils were sampled at a depth of 20 cm,10 cm away from the roots,and then mixed to form a composite sample.The soil available Si and organic matter content were analyzed,and the fungal community structure and some specific microbial groups in soils were determined with high-throughput sequencing of ITS.【Results】All the three treatments significantly enhanced the lily plant growth and the seedling index,compared to CK.Besides,SF and MF treatments increased the relative abundances(RA)and diversity of fungal communities,and altered the community structures.The RA of some specific groups were found to be significantly correlated with the seedling index and/or soil available Si.Of them,the RA of the genera Fusarium,Dactylonectria,Humicola,Stilbella,and the species Humicola_grisea showed a positive correlation,while that of the genera Mortierella,Stilbella,Holtermanniella,and the species Mortierella_fatshederae showed a negative correlation with seedling index.The genera Fusarium,Stilbella,the species Humicola_grisea,and Dactylonectria_estremocensis showed a positive correlation,while the genura Stilbella,and the species Mortierella fatshederae showed a negative correlation with available Si content.In the co-occurence network of top twenty fungal genera and top sixteen bacterial genera(RA>0.2%),Holtermanniella was the only genus that interacted with the bacteria and negatively correlated with bacterial genus Blastococcus.Holtermanniella was also the most densely connected genera,followed by the genus Fusarium,Didymella and Humicola.In addition,the genus Holtermanniella was the key species connecting fungal and bacterial community in soil.Fungal functional prediction revealed that SF,MF and SMF treatments decreased plant pathogens guilds and increased the beneficial guilds Ectomycorrhizal,plant saprophyte,leaf saprophyte,and arbuscular mycorrhizal compared to CK.【Conclusions】Combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents can alleviate continuous replanting problems of Lanzhou lilies through restoring the fungal community diversity,and promoting plant residue depredation,thus reducing soil born disease incidence.The beneficial genus Humicola and its one species H.grisea acts as bioconversion,and the genus Acremonium acts as plant pathogen inhibitor.
文摘Regressive models were obtained by employing '311 B' and '3414' optimal regressive desingns through 5 year (1993～1997) field experiment,and by datum processing with computer.These models express the relationships between corn yields in high,middle and low yield areas and N,P,and K application rates in black soil.By analysis to the models,the fertilizer application rates for maximum yield and optimal yield were achieved.
文摘The experiment was conducted to study the impact of application of microbial inoculants, compared with no microbial fertilizer, on enzyme activity, microbial biomass and available nutrient contents in paddy soil in Heilongjiang Province. The application of soil phosphorus activator was able to increase the quantity of bacteria and fungi in soil, but its effect on actinomycetes in soil was not significant. The application of microbial inoculants increased the urease and sucrase activities in soil over the growing season, but only at the maturing stage soil acid phosphatase activity was enhanced with the applying soil phosphorus activator. The application of soil phosphorus activator increased alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus contents in soil, but did not increase available potassium content in soil. The optimal microbial inoculant application rate as applied as soil phosphorus activator was 7.5 kg hm-2.
文摘This paper reports the diagnosis studies of soil nutrient status and deficiency of 12nutrients elements by using the systematic approach of soil nutrient status.The characteristicsof vegetable soils,the nutrient balance of different vegetable soils and the limiting factors andtheir extent to reducing yield in developing and developed vegetable soils were studied.And thebalance fertilization for further yield-increasing and quality improving was recommended.
基金Supported by Guizhou Science and Technology Major Project([2011]6011)the National Key Technology R&D Program(2014BAD23B03)
文摘Plant residue application is an important way to maintain soil productivity. In order to determine whether walnut leaf can be returned to soil or not and get the conditions of efficient decomposition, the effect of walnut （Juglans sigillata Dode） leaf decomposition under various conditions （different temperatures, durations and leaf-soil ratios） upon soil chemicals and biological properties were analyzed. Compared with the original soil, adding walnut leaf to soil could decrease soil pH, increase EC, nutrient contents, microbial quantity and enzyme activities. Total nitrogen, total organic carbon and organic matter increased with the increasing of decomposition duration, temperature and leaf-soil ratio. Enzyme activities changed with different decomposition conditions, but the highest activities of alkaline phosphatase and catalase were associated with the lower temperature （15℃）, the highest concentration （10 ： 100） and the shortest duration （0 day）. Walnut leaves decomposition for 20 or 30 days at 15℃ and with 10 ： 100 ratio significantly promoted bacteria, fungi and the total microbial quantity. Walnut leaves can be returned to soil because their decomposition could improve relevant indicators of soil fertility, decomposition conditions as shorter durations （20 days）, lower temperature （ 15 ℃） and higher concentrations of leaves （ 10 ： 100） were the more effective decomposition conditions for walnut leaves.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2021YFD16009012021YFD1600902)。
文摘In order to study the effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in dandelion after sowing,the experiment applied four levels of treatments of carbon-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),and the base fertilizer that only applied conventional chemical fertilizer was used as the control.The total flavonoid contents and physiological indices of dandelion in different growth periods were determined.The results showed that the accumulation of the total flavonoid contents in leaves and roots of dandelion improved significantly by applying biochar-based organic fertilizer(0.15,0.30,0.45,and 0.60 kg•m^(-2)),with the highest total flavonoid occurred in the 0.45 kg•m^(-2) biochar-based organic fertilizer treatment.Along with dandelion growing,the total flavonoid contents in leaves were first elevated,and then decreased,with the maximum reached at 95 days after sowing(anthesis).While the total flavonoid contents in roots were elevated constantly.The total flavonoid contents accumulation in dandelion were positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,soluble sugar content,soluble protein,nitrate nitrogen,and available potassium,while negatively correlated with intercellular CO_(2) concentration.
