[Background]As one of the most serious environmental issues in the world,soil erosion causes water pollution,reservoir siltation,soil productivity decline,thus threatens agricultural systems and even affects global cl...[Background]As one of the most serious environmental issues in the world,soil erosion causes water pollution,reservoir siltation,soil productivity decline,thus threatens agricultural systems and even affects global climate.The benefits of ecological soil and water conservation measures(ESWCMs,such as micro basins tillage and contour tillage)are widely understood,including runoff and soil loss reducing to a certain extent when compared with traditional tillage.While few studies have focused on China’s different soil types and erosion characteristics.[Methods]We reviewed literature from Web of Science,Scopus,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure using terms like“Conservation practice”“Contour tillage”“Runoff”“Sediment”“Erosion”and“China”and retained literatures based on criteria such as natural or simulated precipitation,runoff or soil loss data,reported replications and statistics,recorded factors like location and slope,and at least two data pairs per group.Ultimately,49 literatures were selected to quantify the impacts on different ESWCMs and identify the slope and precipitation for the greatest runoff and sediment reduction by calculating the log response ratio(LRR).[Results]The three regions’soil and water conservation benefits varied due to the differences in climate,terrain,and soil properties:1)ESWCMs applied in the black soil region of Northeast China were the most effective in reducing runoff and soil loss(66.65%runoff and 75.83%sediment),followed by those applied in the purple soil region of Southwest China(39.98%runoff and 58.30%sediment)and loess soil region of Northwest China(16.36%runoff and 32.44%sediment).2)Micro basins tillage(MBT)(71.79%runoff and 87.03%sediment)no-tillage with mulch(NTM)(17.30%runoff and 32.51%sediment),collecting soil to form a ridge with no-till(CSNT)(55.78%runoff and 71.36%sediment reduction)were the most efficient soil and water conservation measures in controlling water erosion in the black soil of Northeast China,the loess soil region of Northwest China and the purple soil region of Southwest China,respectively.3)The slope gradients ranged from 0-3°,>3°-5°and>10°-15°(0-3°:97.09%;>3°-5°:74.62%;and>10°-15°:39.41%)caused the largest reduction of runoff in the black soil region of Northeast China,the loess soil region of Northwest China,and the purple soil region of Southwest China.Meanwhile,the effects of sediment reduction were the most obvious,ranging from 0-3°,>10°-15°,and>20°-25°(0-3°:89.32%;>10°-15°:75.94%;and>20°-25°:67.25%).4)The effect of ESWCMs under rainstorms was the most obvious in the black soil region of Northeast China.The effect on runoff reduction under light rain in the purple soil region of Southwest China was the most obvious,but it failed to pass the significance test in sediment reduction.[Conclusions]The results provided optimal conservation tillage measures for three regions,different slopes and different rainfalls,and provided data support for reducing regional soil and water loss in China.展开更多
[Background]The previous studies suggest that radioactive elements like Cs and Sr may adversely affect marine ecosystems and the fishing industry.Traditional treatment systems for radioactive wastewater like the Advan...[Background]The previous studies suggest that radioactive elements like Cs and Sr may adversely affect marine ecosystems and the fishing industry.Traditional treatment systems for radioactive wastewater like the Advanced Liquid Processing System(ALPS)and Kurion have faced challenges in limiting concentration and achieving safety criteria.Studies suggest potential long-term impacts on benthic organisms and seafood networks due to radioactive elements like Cs and Sr from the discharged radioactive wastewater,which may hinder post-disaster recovery and provoke economic losses in the fishing industry both domestically and internationally.A series of studies indicate that there are issues of Cs and Sr pollution migration in soil and water conservation in Fukushima.[Methods]To provide feasible solutions,the main article includes five nuclear wastewater treatment technologies,and soil and water conservation measures for different media(water and soil)were evaluated through reviewing the previous fifteen years'articles.To provide feasible solutions,the main articles,the phytoextraction technologies in Cs and Sr treatment within different land use areas were wildly analyzed(Camellia japonica,Arabidopsis halleri and other local species).[Results]1)A 99.9%removal rate for Cs^(+)and 99.5%for Sr^(2+)was achieved by the KFe[Fe(CN)_(6)]and BaSO_(4)co-precipitation method.2)For membrane filtration,Sr^(2+)and Cs^(+)were removed using metal-organic framework(MOF/graphene oxide)and ion exchange techniques using inorganic materials like titanosilicates.The absorption efficiency of membrane filtration for Sr^(2+)and Cs^(+)was at least 92%and 94%,respectively.The study analyzed soil and water conservation technologies in different land uses,river basins and catchments.3)The underground water treatment mainly were completed via the membrance technologies like reverse osmosis and Permeable Reactive Barriers(PRB)technologies.The ^(90) Sr concentration decreased 77%-91%compared to the initial concentration by PRB technology.These diverse methods offered effective strategies for radioactive wastewater treatment,especially the co-precipitation method may be feasible remediation measures to ensure ecological safety surrounding nuclear power utilizing areas.Soil and water conservation measures for soil pollution treatment mainly focused on the use of stabilizers to hinder the migration of Cs and Sr in the soil and the effects of wind erosion such as interpolyelectrolyte complexes.[Conclusions]We evaluated the pollution of Cs and Sr in the Fukushima nuclear radiation soil and water to provide solutions for the treatment of nuclear wastewater and to prevent radionuclide pollutants from migrating into the soil and water.展开更多
Erosion and transport of soil has worldwide implications for agriculture, landscape stability, climate, natural hazards, and clean, renewable resources of water and air. Assured access to clean water and a healthy and...Erosion and transport of soil has worldwide implications for agriculture, landscape stability, climate, natural hazards, and clean, renewable resources of water and air. Assured access to clean water and a healthy and safe environment requires an ethic of conservation and protection. The minimum scale in which these principles apply successfully is basin wide. These are the fundamental concerns of the Sino-US Centers for Soil and Water Conservation and Environmental Protection.展开更多
The Soil Conservation Monitorins Information System (SCMIS) presented in this paper is oriented to soil erosion control, resources exploitation, utilization, planning and management for a small watershed (about 10 sq....The Soil Conservation Monitorins Information System (SCMIS) presented in this paper is oriented to soil erosion control, resources exploitation, utilization, planning and management for a small watershed (about 10 sq. km.) on the Loess Plateau. It sums up Remote sensing (RS), Geographical Information System (GIS) and Expert System (ES) and consists of a integrated system. As a basic level information system of Loess Plateau, its perfection and psreading will bring about a great advance in resources exploitation and management of Loess Plateau.展开更多
Aiming at the limitation of traditional measuring soil water potential, the paper presents an information system based GSM to real-time monitor data coming from multiple data sources. The monitoring system, which cons...Aiming at the limitation of traditional measuring soil water potential, the paper presents an information system based GSM to real-time monitor data coming from multiple data sources. The monitoring system, which consisted of monitoring center, GSM transmission channel and data detection terminal, was given. The detection terminal included the measuring station and TS-2 negative pressure meter, which was applied to measure soil water potential. Nowadays the system has been successfully applied to drip irrigation in the cotton field on farm in Xinjiang region. The system provides a feasible technology frame-work for collecting and processing wide geographical distribution data in farmland.展开更多
Making a brief analysis of the water and soil loss present situation in Daxing＇anling area which locates to the upstream region of Nenjiang River, and giving the water and soil loss of this area that have been made n...Making a brief analysis of the water and soil loss present situation in Daxing＇anling area which locates to the upstream region of Nenjiang River, and giving the water and soil loss of this area that have been made near 20 years, as well as the factors of the water and soil loss. According to the factors corresponding prevention measure and forecast model have been put forward, make a brief introduction to this model in this article. It is helpful to improve the local soil conservation and sustainable development.展开更多
基金Science and Technology Major Project of Tibetan Autonomous Region of China(XZ202201ZD0005G02)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42277353)Chengdu Science and Technology Project(2022-YF05-01162-SN)。
文摘[Background]As one of the most serious environmental issues in the world,soil erosion causes water pollution,reservoir siltation,soil productivity decline,thus threatens agricultural systems and even affects global climate.The benefits of ecological soil and water conservation measures(ESWCMs,such as micro basins tillage and contour tillage)are widely understood,including runoff and soil loss reducing to a certain extent when compared with traditional tillage.While few studies have focused on China’s different soil types and erosion characteristics.[Methods]We reviewed literature from Web of Science,Scopus,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure using terms like“Conservation practice”“Contour tillage”“Runoff”“Sediment”“Erosion”and“China”and retained literatures based on criteria such as natural or simulated precipitation,runoff or soil loss data,reported replications and statistics,recorded factors like location and slope,and at least two data pairs per group.Ultimately,49 literatures were selected to quantify the impacts on different ESWCMs and identify the slope and precipitation for the greatest runoff and sediment reduction by calculating the log response ratio(LRR).[Results]The three regions’soil and water conservation benefits varied due to the differences in climate,terrain,and soil properties:1)ESWCMs applied in the black soil region of Northeast China were the most effective in reducing runoff and soil loss(66.65%runoff and 75.83%sediment),followed by those applied in the purple soil region of Southwest China(39.98%runoff and 58.30%sediment)and loess soil region of Northwest China(16.36%runoff and 32.44%sediment).2)Micro basins tillage(MBT)(71.79%runoff and 87.03%sediment)no-tillage with mulch(NTM)(17.30%runoff and 32.51%sediment),collecting soil to form a ridge with no-till(CSNT)(55.78%runoff and 71.36%sediment reduction)were the most efficient soil and water conservation measures in controlling water erosion in the black soil of Northeast China,the loess soil region of Northwest China and the purple soil region of Southwest China,respectively.3)The slope gradients ranged from 0-3°,>3°-5°and>10°-15°(0-3°:97.09%;>3°-5°:74.62%;and>10°-15°:39.41%)caused the largest reduction of runoff in the black soil region of Northeast China,the loess soil region of Northwest China,and the purple soil region of Southwest China.Meanwhile,the effects of sediment reduction were the most obvious,ranging from 0-3°,>10°-15°,and>20°-25°(0-3°:89.32%;>10°-15°:75.94%;and>20°-25°:67.25%).4)The effect of ESWCMs under rainstorms was the most obvious in the black soil region of Northeast China.The effect on runoff reduction under light rain in the purple soil region of Southwest China was the most obvious,but it failed to pass the significance test in sediment reduction.[Conclusions]The results provided optimal conservation tillage measures for three regions,different slopes and different rainfalls,and provided data support for reducing regional soil and water loss in China.
基金Xiong′an New Area Science and Technology Innovation Project(2022XACX1000)。
文摘[Background]The previous studies suggest that radioactive elements like Cs and Sr may adversely affect marine ecosystems and the fishing industry.Traditional treatment systems for radioactive wastewater like the Advanced Liquid Processing System(ALPS)and Kurion have faced challenges in limiting concentration and achieving safety criteria.Studies suggest potential long-term impacts on benthic organisms and seafood networks due to radioactive elements like Cs and Sr from the discharged radioactive wastewater,which may hinder post-disaster recovery and provoke economic losses in the fishing industry both domestically and internationally.A series of studies indicate that there are issues of Cs and Sr pollution migration in soil and water conservation in Fukushima.[Methods]To provide feasible solutions,the main article includes five nuclear wastewater treatment technologies,and soil and water conservation measures for different media(water and soil)were evaluated through reviewing the previous fifteen years'articles.To provide feasible solutions,the main articles,the phytoextraction technologies in Cs and Sr treatment within different land use areas were wildly analyzed(Camellia japonica,Arabidopsis halleri and other local species).[Results]1)A 99.9%removal rate for Cs^(+)and 99.5%for Sr^(2+)was achieved by the KFe[Fe(CN)_(6)]and BaSO_(4)co-precipitation method.2)For membrane filtration,Sr^(2+)and Cs^(+)were removed using metal-organic framework(MOF/graphene oxide)and ion exchange techniques using inorganic materials like titanosilicates.The absorption efficiency of membrane filtration for Sr^(2+)and Cs^(+)was at least 92%and 94%,respectively.The study analyzed soil and water conservation technologies in different land uses,river basins and catchments.3)The underground water treatment mainly were completed via the membrance technologies like reverse osmosis and Permeable Reactive Barriers(PRB)technologies.The ^(90) Sr concentration decreased 77%-91%compared to the initial concentration by PRB technology.These diverse methods offered effective strategies for radioactive wastewater treatment,especially the co-precipitation method may be feasible remediation measures to ensure ecological safety surrounding nuclear power utilizing areas.Soil and water conservation measures for soil pollution treatment mainly focused on the use of stabilizers to hinder the migration of Cs and Sr in the soil and the effects of wind erosion such as interpolyelectrolyte complexes.[Conclusions]We evaluated the pollution of Cs and Sr in the Fukushima nuclear radiation soil and water to provide solutions for the treatment of nuclear wastewater and to prevent radionuclide pollutants from migrating into the soil and water.
文摘Erosion and transport of soil has worldwide implications for agriculture, landscape stability, climate, natural hazards, and clean, renewable resources of water and air. Assured access to clean water and a healthy and safe environment requires an ethic of conservation and protection. The minimum scale in which these principles apply successfully is basin wide. These are the fundamental concerns of the Sino-US Centers for Soil and Water Conservation and Environmental Protection.
文摘The Soil Conservation Monitorins Information System (SCMIS) presented in this paper is oriented to soil erosion control, resources exploitation, utilization, planning and management for a small watershed (about 10 sq. km.) on the Loess Plateau. It sums up Remote sensing (RS), Geographical Information System (GIS) and Expert System (ES) and consists of a integrated system. As a basic level information system of Loess Plateau, its perfection and psreading will bring about a great advance in resources exploitation and management of Loess Plateau.
文摘Aiming at the limitation of traditional measuring soil water potential, the paper presents an information system based GSM to real-time monitor data coming from multiple data sources. The monitoring system, which consisted of monitoring center, GSM transmission channel and data detection terminal, was given. The detection terminal included the measuring station and TS-2 negative pressure meter, which was applied to measure soil water potential. Nowadays the system has been successfully applied to drip irrigation in the cotton field on farm in Xinjiang region. The system provides a feasible technology frame-work for collecting and processing wide geographical distribution data in farmland.
基金Supportde by The Natual Science Fund of Heilongjiang Province(E0335)
文摘Making a brief analysis of the water and soil loss present situation in Daxing＇anling area which locates to the upstream region of Nenjiang River, and giving the water and soil loss of this area that have been made near 20 years, as well as the factors of the water and soil loss. According to the factors corresponding prevention measure and forecast model have been put forward, make a brief introduction to this model in this article. It is helpful to improve the local soil conservation and sustainable development.
