A deep understanding of explosive sensitivities and their factors is important for safe and reliable applications.However,quantitative prediction of the sensitivities is difficult.Here,reactive molecular dynamics simu...A deep understanding of explosive sensitivities and their factors is important for safe and reliable applications.However,quantitative prediction of the sensitivities is difficult.Here,reactive molecular dynamics simulation models for high-speed piston impacts on explosive supercells were established.Simulations were also performed to investigate shock-induced reactions of various high-energy explosives.The fraction of reacted explosive molecules in an initial supercell changed linearly with the propagation distance of the shock-wave front.The corresponding slope could be used as a reaction rate for a specific shock-loading velocity.Reaction rates that varied with the shock-loading pressure exhibited two-stage linearities with different slopes.The two inflection points corresponded to the initial and accelerated reactions,which respectively correlated to the thresholds of shock-induced ignition and detonation.Therefore,the ignition and detonation critical pressures could be determined.The sensitivity could then be a quantitative prediction of the critical pressure.The accuracies of the quantitative shock sensitivity predictions were verified by comparing the impact and shock sensitivities of common explosives and the characteristics of anisotropic shock-induced reactions.Molecular dynamics simulations quantitatively predict and rank shock sensitivities by using only crystal structures of the explosives.Overall,this method will enable the design and safe use of explosives.展开更多
This paper reports a new three-dimensional autonomous chaotic system. It contains six control parameters and three nonlinear terms. Two cross-product terms are respectively in two equations. And one square term is in ...This paper reports a new three-dimensional autonomous chaotic system. It contains six control parameters and three nonlinear terms. Two cross-product terms are respectively in two equations. And one square term is in the third equation. Basic dynamic properties of the new system are investigated by means of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, sensitivity to initial, power spectrum, Lyapunov exponent, and Poincar~ diagrams. The dynamic properties affected by variable parameters are also analysed. Finally, the chaotic system is simulated by circuit. The results verify the existence and implementation of the system.展开更多
Bubble size distribution is the basic apparent performance and obvious characteristics in the air dense medium fluidized bed (ADMFB). The approaches of numerical simulation and experimental verification were combined ...Bubble size distribution is the basic apparent performance and obvious characteristics in the air dense medium fluidized bed (ADMFB). The approaches of numerical simulation and experimental verification were combined to conduct the further research on the bubble generation and movement behavior. The results show that ADMFB could display favorable expanded characteristics after steady fluidization. With different particle size distributions of magnetite powder as medium solids, we selected an appropriate prediction model for the mean bubble diameter in ADMFB. The comparison results indicate that the mean bubble diameters along the bed heights are 35 mm < D b < 66 mm and 40 mm < D b < 69 mm with the magnetite powder of 0.3 mm+0.15mm and 0.15mm+0.074mm, respectively. The prediction model provides good agreements with the experimental and simulation data. Based on the optimal operating gas velocity distribution, the mixture of magnetite powder and <1mm fine coal as medium solids were utilized to carry out the separation experiment on 6-50mm raw coal. The results show that an optimal separation density d P of 1.73g/cm 3 with a probable error E of 0.07g/cm 3 and a recovery efficiency of 99.97% is achieved, which indicates good separation performance by applying ADMFB.展开更多
隧道涌水是隧道建设及后期运营中最为常见的地质灾害,准确预测涌水量大小将为隧道设计及施工提供关键参数,因此隧道涌水量预测尤为重要。通过采用地下水动力学方法中的解析法(包括裘布依公式、古德曼公式等),结合数值模拟方法,以隧道导...隧道涌水是隧道建设及后期运营中最为常见的地质灾害,准确预测涌水量大小将为隧道设计及施工提供关键参数,因此隧道涌水量预测尤为重要。通过采用地下水动力学方法中的解析法(包括裘布依公式、古德曼公式等),结合数值模拟方法,以隧道导水断层为研究重点,对地处莲花山断裂带鸿图特长隧道典型段落(K91+634~K93+512)的最大涌水量和正常涌水量进行了预测。同时,利用已开挖段实测涌水量数值,将多种方法进行对比,分析研究各计算方法的适配性,并优化计算算法。研究表明,裘布依承压含水层公式预测与实际涌水量最为接近,鸿图特长隧道典型段落(K91+634~K93+512)的预测最大涌水量为119000 m 3/d,是极限情况下的涌水量预测,为设计施工开挖提供了可靠地水文地质参数。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11832006).
文摘A deep understanding of explosive sensitivities and their factors is important for safe and reliable applications.However,quantitative prediction of the sensitivities is difficult.Here,reactive molecular dynamics simulation models for high-speed piston impacts on explosive supercells were established.Simulations were also performed to investigate shock-induced reactions of various high-energy explosives.The fraction of reacted explosive molecules in an initial supercell changed linearly with the propagation distance of the shock-wave front.The corresponding slope could be used as a reaction rate for a specific shock-loading velocity.Reaction rates that varied with the shock-loading pressure exhibited two-stage linearities with different slopes.The two inflection points corresponded to the initial and accelerated reactions,which respectively correlated to the thresholds of shock-induced ignition and detonation.Therefore,the ignition and detonation critical pressures could be determined.The sensitivity could then be a quantitative prediction of the critical pressure.The accuracies of the quantitative shock sensitivity predictions were verified by comparing the impact and shock sensitivities of common explosives and the characteristics of anisotropic shock-induced reactions.Molecular dynamics simulations quantitatively predict and rank shock sensitivities by using only crystal structures of the explosives.Overall,this method will enable the design and safe use of explosives.
文摘This paper reports a new three-dimensional autonomous chaotic system. It contains six control parameters and three nonlinear terms. Two cross-product terms are respectively in two equations. And one square term is in the third equation. Basic dynamic properties of the new system are investigated by means of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, sensitivity to initial, power spectrum, Lyapunov exponent, and Poincar~ diagrams. The dynamic properties affected by variable parameters are also analysed. Finally, the chaotic system is simulated by circuit. The results verify the existence and implementation of the system.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51221462, 51134022,51174203 and 51074156)the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2012CB214904)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2013M531430)
文摘Bubble size distribution is the basic apparent performance and obvious characteristics in the air dense medium fluidized bed (ADMFB). The approaches of numerical simulation and experimental verification were combined to conduct the further research on the bubble generation and movement behavior. The results show that ADMFB could display favorable expanded characteristics after steady fluidization. With different particle size distributions of magnetite powder as medium solids, we selected an appropriate prediction model for the mean bubble diameter in ADMFB. The comparison results indicate that the mean bubble diameters along the bed heights are 35 mm < D b < 66 mm and 40 mm < D b < 69 mm with the magnetite powder of 0.3 mm+0.15mm and 0.15mm+0.074mm, respectively. The prediction model provides good agreements with the experimental and simulation data. Based on the optimal operating gas velocity distribution, the mixture of magnetite powder and <1mm fine coal as medium solids were utilized to carry out the separation experiment on 6-50mm raw coal. The results show that an optimal separation density d P of 1.73g/cm 3 with a probable error E of 0.07g/cm 3 and a recovery efficiency of 99.97% is achieved, which indicates good separation performance by applying ADMFB.
文摘隧道涌水是隧道建设及后期运营中最为常见的地质灾害,准确预测涌水量大小将为隧道设计及施工提供关键参数,因此隧道涌水量预测尤为重要。通过采用地下水动力学方法中的解析法(包括裘布依公式、古德曼公式等),结合数值模拟方法,以隧道导水断层为研究重点,对地处莲花山断裂带鸿图特长隧道典型段落(K91+634~K93+512)的最大涌水量和正常涌水量进行了预测。同时,利用已开挖段实测涌水量数值,将多种方法进行对比,分析研究各计算方法的适配性,并优化计算算法。研究表明,裘布依承压含水层公式预测与实际涌水量最为接近,鸿图特长隧道典型段落(K91+634~K93+512)的预测最大涌水量为119000 m 3/d,是极限情况下的涌水量预测,为设计施工开挖提供了可靠地水文地质参数。
