Data processing of small samples is an important and valuable research problem in the electronic equipment test. Because it is difficult and complex to determine the probability distribution of small samples, it is di...Data processing of small samples is an important and valuable research problem in the electronic equipment test. Because it is difficult and complex to determine the probability distribution of small samples, it is difficult to use the traditional probability theory to process the samples and assess the degree of uncertainty. Using the grey relational theory and the norm theory, the grey distance information approach, which is based on the grey distance information quantity of a sample and the average grey distance information quantity of the samples, is proposed in this article. The definitions of the grey distance information quantity of a sample and the average grey distance information quantity of the samples, with their characteristics and algorithms, are introduced. The correlative problems, including the algorithm of estimated value, the standard deviation, and the acceptance and rejection criteria of the samples and estimated results, are also proposed. Moreover, the information whitening ratio is introduced to select the weight algorithm and to compare the different samples. Several examples are given to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach. The examples show that the proposed approach, which has no demand for the probability distribution of small samples, is feasible and effective.展开更多
ADSP-TS101 is a high performance DSP with good properties of parallel processing and high speed.According to the real-time processing requirements of underwater acoustic communication algorithms,a real-time parallel p...ADSP-TS101 is a high performance DSP with good properties of parallel processing and high speed.According to the real-time processing requirements of underwater acoustic communication algorithms,a real-time parallel processing system with multi-channel synchronous sample,which is composed of multiple ADSP-TS101s,is designed and carried out.For the hardware design,field programmable gate array(FPGA)logical control is adopted for the design of multi-channel synchronous sample module and cluster/data flow associated pin connection mode is adopted for multiprocessing parallel processing configuration respectively.And the software is optimized by two kinds of communication ways:broadcast writing way through shared bus and point-to-point way through link ports.Through the whole system installation,connective debugging,and experiments in a lake,the results show that the real-time parallel processing system has good stability and real-time processing capability and meets the technical design requirements of real-time processing.展开更多
Wideband spectrum sensing with a high-speed analog-digital converter(ADC) presents a challenge for practical systems.The Nyquist folding receiver(NYFR) is a promising scheme for achieving cost-effective real-time spec...Wideband spectrum sensing with a high-speed analog-digital converter(ADC) presents a challenge for practical systems.The Nyquist folding receiver(NYFR) is a promising scheme for achieving cost-effective real-time spectrum sensing,which is subject to the complexity of processing the modulated outputs.In this case,a multipath NYFR architecture with a step-sampling rate for the different paths is proposed.The different numbers of digital channels for each path are designed based on the Chinese remainder theorem(CRT).Then,the detectable frequency range is divided into multiple frequency grids,and the Nyquist zone(NZ) of the input can be obtained by sensing these grids.Thus,high-precision parameter estimation is performed by utilizing the NYFR characteristics.Compared with the existing methods,the scheme proposed in this paper overcomes the challenge of NZ estimation,information damage,many computations,low accuracy,and high false alarm probability.Comparative simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed architecture in this paper.展开更多
为探明栽前土壤青枯菌含量与烟草发病情况的关系及云南省植烟土壤青枯菌定量分布特征,本研究应用青枯菌复合种(Ralstonia solanacearum species complex,RSSC)的qPCR检测体系对栽前土壤中的青枯菌进行定量检测,在烟草旺长期至成熟期调...为探明栽前土壤青枯菌含量与烟草发病情况的关系及云南省植烟土壤青枯菌定量分布特征,本研究应用青枯菌复合种(Ralstonia solanacearum species complex,RSSC)的qPCR检测体系对栽前土壤中的青枯菌进行定量检测,在烟草旺长期至成熟期调查青枯病发生情况。结果表明:(1)引起烟草青枯病发生的土壤病原群体阈值为10^(3)~10^(4)基因组/g;(2)青枯菌群体数量随土层加深呈下降趋势,主要集中于40 cm以内的土层;(3)检测716份土样发现青枯菌含量在10^(4)~10~5基因组/g的样品占比最多(37.43%),其中保山市、昆明市和临沧市占比较高,分别为58.33%、51.43%、45.25%;大理州、昭通市、文山州、楚雄州及玉溪市含菌量<10^(3)基因组/g的样品占比最多,分别为62.50%、61.54%、56.04%、48.48%和41.67%;(4)夏季轮作禾本科作物的土壤青枯菌含量极显著低于连作烟田;与冬闲相比,前茬种植茄科、蓼科、十字花科作物的土壤青枯菌含量较高,而种植豆科和菊科作物则较低,但只有豆科作物显著降低了青枯菌含量。按照10^(3)~10^(4)基因组/g的风险阈值,云南省昆明市、临沧市、普洱市、曲靖市、红河州、保山市发生青枯病的风险较高,需注意防治。展开更多
单晶硅生产过程中,引晶工艺产生的缺陷严重影响产品质量,传统的基于视觉的缺陷检测方法在检测引晶图像中的凸点小目标时,存在检测速度慢、参数量大、难以部署在嵌入式终端等不足。为此,提出了一种改进的YOLOv8目标检测模型,引入了Contex...单晶硅生产过程中,引晶工艺产生的缺陷严重影响产品质量,传统的基于视觉的缺陷检测方法在检测引晶图像中的凸点小目标时,存在检测速度慢、参数量大、难以部署在嵌入式终端等不足。为此,提出了一种改进的YOLOv8目标检测模型,引入了ContextGuided模块,提高了模型的推理效率;在特征融合网络中引入更为高效的DySample,优化了特征融合的效率和深度;采用轻量级网络结构,减少了模型的复杂度和计算量,使其适应计算资源有限的终端设备。在工业数据集上进行了训练和测试,实验结果表明,对凸点小目标的检测更加准确,mAP(mean average precision)达到97.7%,在精确率上相对于YOLOv8n提升了11.6%,同时参数量减少31.9%,方便部署在嵌入式终端。展开更多
准确高效的麦粒计数对小麦育种和产量评估具有重要意义。传统人工计数方法费时费力且易出错。目前的自动计数方法主要基于二维图像处理技术,但在处理麦粒遮挡和获取立体形态特征方面存在局限。点云数据能够完整记录麦穗的三维几何结构,...准确高效的麦粒计数对小麦育种和产量评估具有重要意义。传统人工计数方法费时费力且易出错。目前的自动计数方法主要基于二维图像处理技术,但在处理麦粒遮挡和获取立体形态特征方面存在局限。点云数据能够完整记录麦穗的三维几何结构,为解决这些问题提供了新的思路。本文针对现有点云目标检测算法在处理密集分布麦粒时的不足,提出了一种改进的3DSSD网络用于麦穗点云中的麦粒检测与计数。该方法充分利用麦粒的形态学特征,设计了2个核心创新模块:一是提出局部形状感知采样策略(Local shape-aware sampling,LSAS),通过分析点云的局部几何结构来指导采样过程,有效缓解了传统最远点采样(Farthest point sampling,FPS)算法在密集目标场景下的特征退化问题;二是引入部件感知损失函数(Part-aware loss function,PALF),将麦粒建模为具有多个关键部位的目标,增强了网络对局部特征的感知能力。实验结果表明,改进后的方法在麦粒检测任务中AP@25达到72.68%,较基线3DSSD提升14.02%,计数任务MAE降至3.87,较3DSSD下降了85.54%,Recall提升至93.21%,从而在处理形态复杂、目标密集的麦穗点云时表现出显著优势。本研究为实现麦穗表型的快速、准确测量提供了新的技术方案,并成功地在马兰国家农业科技园区应用该方法。展开更多
文摘Data processing of small samples is an important and valuable research problem in the electronic equipment test. Because it is difficult and complex to determine the probability distribution of small samples, it is difficult to use the traditional probability theory to process the samples and assess the degree of uncertainty. Using the grey relational theory and the norm theory, the grey distance information approach, which is based on the grey distance information quantity of a sample and the average grey distance information quantity of the samples, is proposed in this article. The definitions of the grey distance information quantity of a sample and the average grey distance information quantity of the samples, with their characteristics and algorithms, are introduced. The correlative problems, including the algorithm of estimated value, the standard deviation, and the acceptance and rejection criteria of the samples and estimated results, are also proposed. Moreover, the information whitening ratio is introduced to select the weight algorithm and to compare the different samples. Several examples are given to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach. The examples show that the proposed approach, which has no demand for the probability distribution of small samples, is feasible and effective.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(60572098)
文摘ADSP-TS101 is a high performance DSP with good properties of parallel processing and high speed.According to the real-time processing requirements of underwater acoustic communication algorithms,a real-time parallel processing system with multi-channel synchronous sample,which is composed of multiple ADSP-TS101s,is designed and carried out.For the hardware design,field programmable gate array(FPGA)logical control is adopted for the design of multi-channel synchronous sample module and cluster/data flow associated pin connection mode is adopted for multiprocessing parallel processing configuration respectively.And the software is optimized by two kinds of communication ways:broadcast writing way through shared bus and point-to-point way through link ports.Through the whole system installation,connective debugging,and experiments in a lake,the results show that the real-time parallel processing system has good stability and real-time processing capability and meets the technical design requirements of real-time processing.
基金supported by the Key Projects of the 2022 National Defense Science and Technology Foundation Strengthening Plan 173 (Grant No.2022-173ZD-010)the Equipment PreResearch Foundation of The State Key Laboratory (Grant No.6142101200204)。
文摘Wideband spectrum sensing with a high-speed analog-digital converter(ADC) presents a challenge for practical systems.The Nyquist folding receiver(NYFR) is a promising scheme for achieving cost-effective real-time spectrum sensing,which is subject to the complexity of processing the modulated outputs.In this case,a multipath NYFR architecture with a step-sampling rate for the different paths is proposed.The different numbers of digital channels for each path are designed based on the Chinese remainder theorem(CRT).Then,the detectable frequency range is divided into multiple frequency grids,and the Nyquist zone(NZ) of the input can be obtained by sensing these grids.Thus,high-precision parameter estimation is performed by utilizing the NYFR characteristics.Compared with the existing methods,the scheme proposed in this paper overcomes the challenge of NZ estimation,information damage,many computations,low accuracy,and high false alarm probability.Comparative simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed architecture in this paper.
文摘为探明栽前土壤青枯菌含量与烟草发病情况的关系及云南省植烟土壤青枯菌定量分布特征,本研究应用青枯菌复合种(Ralstonia solanacearum species complex,RSSC)的qPCR检测体系对栽前土壤中的青枯菌进行定量检测,在烟草旺长期至成熟期调查青枯病发生情况。结果表明:(1)引起烟草青枯病发生的土壤病原群体阈值为10^(3)~10^(4)基因组/g;(2)青枯菌群体数量随土层加深呈下降趋势,主要集中于40 cm以内的土层;(3)检测716份土样发现青枯菌含量在10^(4)~10~5基因组/g的样品占比最多(37.43%),其中保山市、昆明市和临沧市占比较高,分别为58.33%、51.43%、45.25%;大理州、昭通市、文山州、楚雄州及玉溪市含菌量<10^(3)基因组/g的样品占比最多,分别为62.50%、61.54%、56.04%、48.48%和41.67%;(4)夏季轮作禾本科作物的土壤青枯菌含量极显著低于连作烟田;与冬闲相比,前茬种植茄科、蓼科、十字花科作物的土壤青枯菌含量较高,而种植豆科和菊科作物则较低,但只有豆科作物显著降低了青枯菌含量。按照10^(3)~10^(4)基因组/g的风险阈值,云南省昆明市、临沧市、普洱市、曲靖市、红河州、保山市发生青枯病的风险较高,需注意防治。
文摘单晶硅生产过程中,引晶工艺产生的缺陷严重影响产品质量,传统的基于视觉的缺陷检测方法在检测引晶图像中的凸点小目标时,存在检测速度慢、参数量大、难以部署在嵌入式终端等不足。为此,提出了一种改进的YOLOv8目标检测模型,引入了ContextGuided模块,提高了模型的推理效率;在特征融合网络中引入更为高效的DySample,优化了特征融合的效率和深度;采用轻量级网络结构,减少了模型的复杂度和计算量,使其适应计算资源有限的终端设备。在工业数据集上进行了训练和测试,实验结果表明,对凸点小目标的检测更加准确,mAP(mean average precision)达到97.7%,在精确率上相对于YOLOv8n提升了11.6%,同时参数量减少31.9%,方便部署在嵌入式终端。
文摘准确高效的麦粒计数对小麦育种和产量评估具有重要意义。传统人工计数方法费时费力且易出错。目前的自动计数方法主要基于二维图像处理技术,但在处理麦粒遮挡和获取立体形态特征方面存在局限。点云数据能够完整记录麦穗的三维几何结构,为解决这些问题提供了新的思路。本文针对现有点云目标检测算法在处理密集分布麦粒时的不足,提出了一种改进的3DSSD网络用于麦穗点云中的麦粒检测与计数。该方法充分利用麦粒的形态学特征,设计了2个核心创新模块:一是提出局部形状感知采样策略(Local shape-aware sampling,LSAS),通过分析点云的局部几何结构来指导采样过程,有效缓解了传统最远点采样(Farthest point sampling,FPS)算法在密集目标场景下的特征退化问题;二是引入部件感知损失函数(Part-aware loss function,PALF),将麦粒建模为具有多个关键部位的目标,增强了网络对局部特征的感知能力。实验结果表明,改进后的方法在麦粒检测任务中AP@25达到72.68%,较基线3DSSD提升14.02%,计数任务MAE降至3.87,较3DSSD下降了85.54%,Recall提升至93.21%,从而在处理形态复杂、目标密集的麦穗点云时表现出显著优势。本研究为实现麦穗表型的快速、准确测量提供了新的技术方案,并成功地在马兰国家农业科技园区应用该方法。
