The aerobic granular sludge was cultivated in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor （SBR）, and some of the granules were stored at 8 ℃ for 150 d. Extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） of sludge samples were e...The aerobic granular sludge was cultivated in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor （SBR）, and some of the granules were stored at 8 ℃ for 150 d. Extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） of sludge samples were extracted and analyzed during the granulation and storage process. The results show that the contents of protein and EPS increase along with the granulation process, while polysaccharides remain almost unchanged. The content of protein in EPS is almost two-fold larger than that of polysaccharides in granular sludge cultivated with municipal wastewater. Moreover, some of the granules disintegrate during storage, corresponding to the decrease of protein contents in EPS. Three peaks are identified in three-dimensional excitation emission matrix （EEM） fluorescence spectra of the EPS in the aerobic granules. Two peaks （A and B） are attributed to the protein-like fluorophores, and the third （peak C） is related to visible fulvic-like substances. Peak A gradually disappears during storage, while a new peak related to ultraviolet fulvic acid （peak D） is formed. The formation and the stability of aerobic granules are closely dependent on the quantity and composition of EPS proteins. Peak C has no obvious changes during granulation, while the fulvic-like substances present an increase in fluorescence intensities during storage, accompanied with an increase in structural complexity. The fulvie-like substances are also associated with the disintegration of the aerobic granules.展开更多
High salinity industrial wastewater is difficult to treat using biological treatment system because of the high concentrations of salt.The potential of a sequencing batch biofilm reactor(SBBR)process in treating synth...High salinity industrial wastewater is difficult to treat using biological treatment system because of the high concentrations of salt.The potential of a sequencing batch biofilm reactor(SBBR)process in treating synthetic high salinity wastewater was evaluated at laboratory scale during a 110-day operation.The reactor was operated in a 12 h cycle,and each cycle consisted of 0.25 h influent addition,8 h aeration,3 h anoxic reaction,0.5 h sedimentation and 0.25 h effluent withdrawal.Gradual increase in salinity gradient was applied during the acclimatization period.The acclimated SBBR system was demonstrated to be an effective process to remove organic compounds and ammonia nitrogen under high salinity conditions with chemical oxygen demand(COD)and ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)removal efficiencies of 88% and 80%,respectively.The microscopic examination indicated that rather than rotifers or vorticella,the zoogloea,filamentous fungus mingled with a small quantity of swimming infusorians were dominant bacteria in SBBR system.The removal efficiencies close to 80% in COD and 75% in NH3-N were achieved at an organic loading rate(OLR)of 0.96 kg COD/(m3·d),pH of 7.0,salinity of 14 g/L and NH3-N of 30 mg/L.展开更多
Combined technology of SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalysis and sequencing batch reactor （SBR） were applied to treating dyestuff wastewater. Photocatalysis was carried out in a spiral up-flow type reactor as pre-treatment. S...Combined technology of SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalysis and sequencing batch reactor （SBR） were applied to treating dyestuff wastewater. Photocatalysis was carried out in a spiral up-flow type reactor as pre-treatment. SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by modification of nano-TiO2 using CuO and sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS）. Results show that the SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalyst contains two kinds of crystals, including TiO2 and CuO. The band gap of this photocatalyst is 1.56 eV, indicating that it can be excited by visible light （2〈794.87 nm）. And characterization also shows that there are alkyl groups on its surface. It takes 40 rain to improve the biodegradability of dyestuff wastewater. Five-day biochemical oxygen demand （BODs） and dehydrogenase activity （DHA） of wastewater reach the maximum value when dissolved oxygen is higher than 2.97 mg/L. SBR reactor was used to treat this biodegradability improved wastewater. Chemical oxygen demand （COD） and colority decline to 72 mg/L and 20 times, respectively, when the sludge loading is 0.179 kg（COD）/[kg（MLSS）＇d], dissolved oxygen is 4.09 mg/L and aeration time is 10 h.展开更多
Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the transformation and performance of a granular sequence batch reactor(SBR) under the conventional organic loading rate(OLR) condition.Aerobic granules were succes...Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the transformation and performance of a granular sequence batch reactor(SBR) under the conventional organic loading rate(OLR) condition.Aerobic granules were successfully cultivated in a SBR by means of alternative feeding load combined with reducing settling time after 60 d operational period.Subsequently,the black fungal granules were presented in reactor because of the filamentous overgrowth on the surface of aerobic granules.A small amount of fungal granules had no effect on the performance of granular SBR.Aerobic granules completely vanished and fungal granules eventually became the dominant species in subsequent 90 d operation after granulation.The three-dimensional excitation emission matrix(EEM) spectra result shows that the extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) component in both granules has no much difference,whereas the content of EPS in fungal granules is higher than that in bacterial granules.Due to their low bioactivity,the chemical oxidation demand(COD) and NH4-N removal efficiencies gradually decrease from 90.4%–96.5% and 99.5% to 71.8% and 32.9% respectively while the fungal granules become dominant in the SBR.展开更多
基金Project(2006AA06Z318) supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘The aerobic granular sludge was cultivated in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor （SBR）, and some of the granules were stored at 8 ℃ for 150 d. Extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） of sludge samples were extracted and analyzed during the granulation and storage process. The results show that the contents of protein and EPS increase along with the granulation process, while polysaccharides remain almost unchanged. The content of protein in EPS is almost two-fold larger than that of polysaccharides in granular sludge cultivated with municipal wastewater. Moreover, some of the granules disintegrate during storage, corresponding to the decrease of protein contents in EPS. Three peaks are identified in three-dimensional excitation emission matrix （EEM） fluorescence spectra of the EPS in the aerobic granules. Two peaks （A and B） are attributed to the protein-like fluorophores, and the third （peak C） is related to visible fulvic-like substances. Peak A gradually disappears during storage, while a new peak related to ultraviolet fulvic acid （peak D） is formed. The formation and the stability of aerobic granules are closely dependent on the quantity and composition of EPS proteins. Peak C has no obvious changes during granulation, while the fulvic-like substances present an increase in fluorescence intensities during storage, accompanied with an increase in structural complexity. The fulvie-like substances are also associated with the disintegration of the aerobic granules.
基金Projects(ZR2013BL010,ZR2012DL05)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,ChinaProject(4041412016)supported by the Research Excellence Award of Shandong University of Technology,ChinaProjects(2013GG03116,2011GG02115)supported by the Science and Technology Development Planning Project of Zibo,China
文摘High salinity industrial wastewater is difficult to treat using biological treatment system because of the high concentrations of salt.The potential of a sequencing batch biofilm reactor(SBBR)process in treating synthetic high salinity wastewater was evaluated at laboratory scale during a 110-day operation.The reactor was operated in a 12 h cycle,and each cycle consisted of 0.25 h influent addition,8 h aeration,3 h anoxic reaction,0.5 h sedimentation and 0.25 h effluent withdrawal.Gradual increase in salinity gradient was applied during the acclimatization period.The acclimated SBBR system was demonstrated to be an effective process to remove organic compounds and ammonia nitrogen under high salinity conditions with chemical oxygen demand(COD)and ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)removal efficiencies of 88% and 80%,respectively.The microscopic examination indicated that rather than rotifers or vorticella,the zoogloea,filamentous fungus mingled with a small quantity of swimming infusorians were dominant bacteria in SBBR system.The removal efficiencies close to 80% in COD and 75% in NH3-N were achieved at an organic loading rate(OLR)of 0.96 kg COD/(m3·d),pH of 7.0,salinity of 14 g/L and NH3-N of 30 mg/L.
基金Project(CDJZR11210009) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘Combined technology of SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalysis and sequencing batch reactor （SBR） were applied to treating dyestuff wastewater. Photocatalysis was carried out in a spiral up-flow type reactor as pre-treatment. SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by modification of nano-TiO2 using CuO and sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS）. Results show that the SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalyst contains two kinds of crystals, including TiO2 and CuO. The band gap of this photocatalyst is 1.56 eV, indicating that it can be excited by visible light （2〈794.87 nm）. And characterization also shows that there are alkyl groups on its surface. It takes 40 rain to improve the biodegradability of dyestuff wastewater. Five-day biochemical oxygen demand （BODs） and dehydrogenase activity （DHA） of wastewater reach the maximum value when dissolved oxygen is higher than 2.97 mg/L. SBR reactor was used to treat this biodegradability improved wastewater. Chemical oxygen demand （COD） and colority decline to 72 mg/L and 20 times, respectively, when the sludge loading is 0.179 kg（COD）/[kg（MLSS）＇d], dissolved oxygen is 4.09 mg/L and aeration time is 10 h.
基金Project(51078036) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the transformation and performance of a granular sequence batch reactor(SBR) under the conventional organic loading rate(OLR) condition.Aerobic granules were successfully cultivated in a SBR by means of alternative feeding load combined with reducing settling time after 60 d operational period.Subsequently,the black fungal granules were presented in reactor because of the filamentous overgrowth on the surface of aerobic granules.A small amount of fungal granules had no effect on the performance of granular SBR.Aerobic granules completely vanished and fungal granules eventually became the dominant species in subsequent 90 d operation after granulation.The three-dimensional excitation emission matrix(EEM) spectra result shows that the extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) component in both granules has no much difference,whereas the content of EPS in fungal granules is higher than that in bacterial granules.Due to their low bioactivity,the chemical oxidation demand(COD) and NH4-N removal efficiencies gradually decrease from 90.4%–96.5% and 99.5% to 71.8% and 32.9% respectively while the fungal granules become dominant in the SBR.
