In order to utilize integrated passive technology in printed circuit boards （PCBs）, manufacturing processing for integrated resistors by lamination method was investigated. Integrated resistors fabricated from Ohmeg...In order to utilize integrated passive technology in printed circuit boards （PCBs）, manufacturing processing for integrated resistors by lamination method was investigated. Integrated resistors fabricated from Ohmega technologies in the experiment were 1 408 pieces per panel with four different patterns A, B, C and D and four resistance values of 25, 50, 75 and 100 fL Six panel per batch and four batches were performed totally. The testing was done for 960 pieces of integrated resistors randomly selected with the same size. The value distribution ranges and the relative standard deviation （RSD） show that the scatter degree of the resistance decreases with the resistor size increasing and/or with the resistance increasing. Patterns D with resistance of 75 and 100% for four patterns have the resistance value variances less than 10%. Patterns C and D with resistance of 100 Ω have the manufacturing tolerance less than 10%. The process capabilities are from about 0.6 to 1.6 for the designed testing patterns, which shows that the integrated resistors fabricated have the potential to be used in multilayer PCBs in the future.展开更多
The preparation of lead-free thick-film resistors are reported:using RuO 2 and ruthenates as conductive particles,glass powders composed of B 2 O 3,SiO 2,CaO and Al2 O 3 as insulating phase,adding organic matter which...The preparation of lead-free thick-film resistors are reported:using RuO 2 and ruthenates as conductive particles,glass powders composed of B 2 O 3,SiO 2,CaO and Al2 O 3 as insulating phase,adding organic matter which mainly consists of ethyl cellulose and terpineol to form printable pastes.Resistors were fabricated and sintered by conventional screen-printing on 96%Al 2 O 3 substrates,and then sintering in a belt furnace.X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron scanning microscopy(SEM) have been used to characterize the conductive particles.The resistors exhibit good refiring stability and low temperature coefficient of resistance.Sheet resistance spans from about 80Ω/□ to 600Ω/□.The resistors prepared are qualified for common use.展开更多
在碳中和的背景下,作为一种无污染的可再生能源,氢能在能源转型中占据着越来越重要的地位。传统的氢电耦合直流微电网设计方案中,制氢设备并联嵌入直流微网,并作为一种灵活性负载参与系统调控以平替部分储能的功能。但是碱液电解槽(alka...在碳中和的背景下,作为一种无污染的可再生能源,氢能在能源转型中占据着越来越重要的地位。传统的氢电耦合直流微电网设计方案中,制氢设备并联嵌入直流微网,并作为一种灵活性负载参与系统调控以平替部分储能的功能。但是碱液电解槽(alkaline water electrolyzer,AWE)具有低压大电流的特点。随着直流微电网电压等级的提升,传统的并联结构一方面增加了电力电子装置的电压转换比的需求,另一方面忽略了碱液电解槽的电热特性。针对以上问题,该文提出了一种基于虚拟热敏电阻的串联型氢电耦合直流微电网稳定控制策略。首先,针对碱液电解槽建立了一套等效电热模型以表征最大电流与温度的关系。在此基础上,提出了一种电堆串联结构的碱液电解制氢模块(series-connectedstacks alkaline water electrolysis module,SAWEM)及其控制策略。串联结构能降低单个电堆输入电压,而虚拟热敏电阻控制策略能实现各电堆间精确合理的功率分配,且对直流微网有功率支撑作用。最后,通过简易的光伏制氢硬件实验平台进行了验证,结果表明该控制方法具有良好的实用性和有效性。展开更多
并网型直流耦合制氢系统(grid-connected DC-coupled hydrogen production system,GDHPS)参与电网调节是能源转型战略下的热门趋势,其需在尽可能为电网提供频率支撑的同时确保电解槽间合理功率分配,而现有文献对该问题研究较少。为此,...并网型直流耦合制氢系统(grid-connected DC-coupled hydrogen production system,GDHPS)参与电网调节是能源转型战略下的热门趋势,其需在尽可能为电网提供频率支撑的同时确保电解槽间合理功率分配,而现有文献对该问题研究较少。为此,该文针对碱液电解槽(alkaline water electrolyzer,AWE),提出一种新型的GDHPS参与频率支撑的控制策略,该策略包含3点改进:一是提出自适应虚拟热敏电阻控制策略,通过控制系统定期更新AWE模型并结合其温度实时计算下垂系数;二是设计频率响应机制以快速响应电网频率变化;三是引入虚拟惯性响应机制提升系统动态性能。所提策略可在宽温度范围内实现AWE间完全分散控制与合理功率共享,同时为电网提供频率支撑,并通过Matlab/Simulink仿真平台及电解制氢实验平台验证有效性。展开更多
基金Project(041010) supported by Start-Up Foundation of Northwest University,ChinaProject(UIT/39) supported by University-Industry Collaboration Program from the Innovation and Technology Fund of Hong Kong,China
文摘In order to utilize integrated passive technology in printed circuit boards （PCBs）, manufacturing processing for integrated resistors by lamination method was investigated. Integrated resistors fabricated from Ohmega technologies in the experiment were 1 408 pieces per panel with four different patterns A, B, C and D and four resistance values of 25, 50, 75 and 100 fL Six panel per batch and four batches were performed totally. The testing was done for 960 pieces of integrated resistors randomly selected with the same size. The value distribution ranges and the relative standard deviation （RSD） show that the scatter degree of the resistance decreases with the resistor size increasing and/or with the resistance increasing. Patterns D with resistance of 75 and 100% for four patterns have the resistance value variances less than 10%. Patterns C and D with resistance of 100 Ω have the manufacturing tolerance less than 10%. The process capabilities are from about 0.6 to 1.6 for the designed testing patterns, which shows that the integrated resistors fabricated have the potential to be used in multilayer PCBs in the future.
文摘The preparation of lead-free thick-film resistors are reported:using RuO 2 and ruthenates as conductive particles,glass powders composed of B 2 O 3,SiO 2,CaO and Al2 O 3 as insulating phase,adding organic matter which mainly consists of ethyl cellulose and terpineol to form printable pastes.Resistors were fabricated and sintered by conventional screen-printing on 96%Al 2 O 3 substrates,and then sintering in a belt furnace.X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron scanning microscopy(SEM) have been used to characterize the conductive particles.The resistors exhibit good refiring stability and low temperature coefficient of resistance.Sheet resistance spans from about 80Ω/□ to 600Ω/□.The resistors prepared are qualified for common use.
文摘在碳中和的背景下,作为一种无污染的可再生能源,氢能在能源转型中占据着越来越重要的地位。传统的氢电耦合直流微电网设计方案中,制氢设备并联嵌入直流微网,并作为一种灵活性负载参与系统调控以平替部分储能的功能。但是碱液电解槽(alkaline water electrolyzer,AWE)具有低压大电流的特点。随着直流微电网电压等级的提升,传统的并联结构一方面增加了电力电子装置的电压转换比的需求,另一方面忽略了碱液电解槽的电热特性。针对以上问题,该文提出了一种基于虚拟热敏电阻的串联型氢电耦合直流微电网稳定控制策略。首先,针对碱液电解槽建立了一套等效电热模型以表征最大电流与温度的关系。在此基础上,提出了一种电堆串联结构的碱液电解制氢模块(series-connectedstacks alkaline water electrolysis module,SAWEM)及其控制策略。串联结构能降低单个电堆输入电压,而虚拟热敏电阻控制策略能实现各电堆间精确合理的功率分配,且对直流微网有功率支撑作用。最后,通过简易的光伏制氢硬件实验平台进行了验证,结果表明该控制方法具有良好的实用性和有效性。
文摘并网型直流耦合制氢系统(grid-connected DC-coupled hydrogen production system,GDHPS)参与电网调节是能源转型战略下的热门趋势,其需在尽可能为电网提供频率支撑的同时确保电解槽间合理功率分配,而现有文献对该问题研究较少。为此,该文针对碱液电解槽(alkaline water electrolyzer,AWE),提出一种新型的GDHPS参与频率支撑的控制策略,该策略包含3点改进:一是提出自适应虚拟热敏电阻控制策略,通过控制系统定期更新AWE模型并结合其温度实时计算下垂系数;二是设计频率响应机制以快速响应电网频率变化;三是引入虚拟惯性响应机制提升系统动态性能。所提策略可在宽温度范围内实现AWE间完全分散控制与合理功率共享,同时为电网提供频率支撑,并通过Matlab/Simulink仿真平台及电解制氢实验平台验证有效性。
