We have come to know comprehension better by studying the nature and characteristics of reading processes and by weighing the pros and cons of different reading theories and their influence on the teaching of reading....We have come to know comprehension better by studying the nature and characteristics of reading processes and by weighing the pros and cons of different reading theories and their influence on the teaching of reading. But in China, unfortunately, few achievements have been made in the field of reading theory research. Thus, in order to ameliorate our reading teaching, it is urgent for us to set up our own system of reading theories. The author, after studying carefully the present reading models in China and by absorbing the quintessence of foreign reading theories, ventures to suggest the “discourse word discourse” model. The model gives full thought to the characteristics of Chinese college students and thus suits a reading classroom in China better. However, the comprehension factors involved in the model are far from exhaustive and the model itself leaves much room for modification and addition.\;展开更多
目的·探究酒精使用障碍(alcohol use disorder,AUD)患者在不同情绪背景下的抑制控制表现及心理机制,了解情绪调节困难对抑制控制功能的影响。方法·招募28名男性AUD住院患者(AUD组)和28名年龄、受教育程度相匹配的健康对照(健...目的·探究酒精使用障碍(alcohol use disorder,AUD)患者在不同情绪背景下的抑制控制表现及心理机制,了解情绪调节困难对抑制控制功能的影响。方法·招募28名男性AUD住院患者(AUD组)和28名年龄、受教育程度相匹配的健康对照(健康对照组)。采用情绪Go/Nogo任务(愤怒/中性表情面孔)评估被试行为抑制功能,结合层级贝叶斯漂移扩散模型(hierarchical drift-diffusion model,HDDM)量化他们的认知参数(漂移率、决策阈值、非决策时间)。通过情绪调节困难量表(Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale,DERS)和酒精使用障碍筛查量表(Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test,AUDIT)进行临床评估,并运用bootstrap法检验有调节的中介效应模型。结果·AUD组在DERS总分及所有子维度(目标导向行为、冲动控制、策略获取、情绪清晰性)得分均高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。行为层面,与健康对照组相比,AUD组误按率[F_((1,54))=8.62,P=0.005]与遗漏率[F_((1,54))=4.28,P=0.043]更高,且愤怒面孔刺激反应时普遍延长[F_((1,54))=12.26,P=0.001]。认知建模显示AUD组漂移率显著低于健康对照组[F_((1,54))=15.56,P<0.001],提示信息加工效率受损。有调节的中介模型显示,在愤怒面孔刺激条件下,漂移率部分中介组别对误按率的影响,总间接效应值为9.564(95%CI 3.874~16.387);进一步分析表明,高水平情绪调节困难(比平均值高1个标准差)条件下间接效应增强至10.133(95%CI 3.963~17.927),而低水平(比平均值低1个标准差)时效应为9.011(95%CI 3.778~14.921)。结论·AUD患者信息加工效率的降低部分解释了患者的抑制控制功能障碍,且该影响与个体情绪调节能力存在关联。提示社会威胁信息加工异常可能是AUD患者,特别是在情绪调节能力较弱的个体抑制控制功能损害的重要影响因素。展开更多
随着无线通信技术的快速演进,5G、Wi-Fi和窄带物联网(Narrowband internet of things,NB-IoT)等多种通信制式并存,网络结构与信道环境的复杂性显著提升,使通信制式识别在频谱管理、干扰抑制与安全监测中的作用愈加重要。传统依赖人工特...随着无线通信技术的快速演进,5G、Wi-Fi和窄带物联网(Narrowband internet of things,NB-IoT)等多种通信制式并存,网络结构与信道环境的复杂性显著提升,使通信制式识别在频谱管理、干扰抑制与安全监测中的作用愈加重要。传统依赖人工特征与规则的方法在动态复杂场景及未知协议下适应性有限,而深度学习通过端到端建模与自动特征提取显著提升了识别精度与鲁棒性,但其在跨制式泛化、数据稀缺与计算开销方面仍面临瓶颈。以大语言模型与多模态模型为代表的大规模预训练模型凭借强泛化、跨任务迁移和少样本学习能力,展现出在复杂通信制式识别中的巨大潜力。本文系统梳理了通信制式识别技术的发展脉络,重点探讨了大语言模型驱动方法的最新进展,剖析了其在泛化能力、可解释性与高效部署等方面所面临的挑战,挖掘了其在智能频谱管理与安全监测中的应用机遇,并展望了其在5G/6G智能网络管理中的发展前景。展开更多
文摘We have come to know comprehension better by studying the nature and characteristics of reading processes and by weighing the pros and cons of different reading theories and their influence on the teaching of reading. But in China, unfortunately, few achievements have been made in the field of reading theory research. Thus, in order to ameliorate our reading teaching, it is urgent for us to set up our own system of reading theories. The author, after studying carefully the present reading models in China and by absorbing the quintessence of foreign reading theories, ventures to suggest the “discourse word discourse” model. The model gives full thought to the characteristics of Chinese college students and thus suits a reading classroom in China better. However, the comprehension factors involved in the model are far from exhaustive and the model itself leaves much room for modification and addition.\;
文摘随着无线通信技术的快速演进,5G、Wi-Fi和窄带物联网(Narrowband internet of things,NB-IoT)等多种通信制式并存,网络结构与信道环境的复杂性显著提升,使通信制式识别在频谱管理、干扰抑制与安全监测中的作用愈加重要。传统依赖人工特征与规则的方法在动态复杂场景及未知协议下适应性有限,而深度学习通过端到端建模与自动特征提取显著提升了识别精度与鲁棒性,但其在跨制式泛化、数据稀缺与计算开销方面仍面临瓶颈。以大语言模型与多模态模型为代表的大规模预训练模型凭借强泛化、跨任务迁移和少样本学习能力,展现出在复杂通信制式识别中的巨大潜力。本文系统梳理了通信制式识别技术的发展脉络,重点探讨了大语言模型驱动方法的最新进展,剖析了其在泛化能力、可解释性与高效部署等方面所面临的挑战,挖掘了其在智能频谱管理与安全监测中的应用机遇,并展望了其在5G/6G智能网络管理中的发展前景。
