Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2) production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy carrier.This study...Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2) production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy carrier.This study reports Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)spinel layer with TiO_(2) overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment cell.In dilute(0.1 M)NaCl solutions,the NFI/TiO_(2) marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).Robust operation in near-neutral pH was confirmed.Electroanalyses including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO_(2) which serves both as the primary site for Cl−chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic contact.Galvanostatic electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)conversion,but also enhances H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive chlorine.The scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO_(2)was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.展开更多
The treatment of ammonia nitrogen wastewater(ANW)has garnered significant attention due to the ecology,and even biology is under increasing threat from over discharge ANW.Conventional ANW treatment methods often encou...The treatment of ammonia nitrogen wastewater(ANW)has garnered significant attention due to the ecology,and even biology is under increasing threat from over discharge ANW.Conventional ANW treatment methods often encounter challenges such as complex processes,high costs and secondary pollution.Considerable progress has been made in employing solar-induced evaporators for wastewater treatment.However,there remain notable barriers to transitioning from fundamental research to practical applications,including insufficient evaporation rates and inadequate resistance to biofouling.Herein,we propose a novel evaporator,which comprises a bio-enzyme-treated wood aerogel that serves as water pumping and storage layer,a cost-effective multi-walled carbon nanotubes coated hydrophobic/hydrophilic fibrous nonwoven mat functioning as photothermal evaporation layer,and aggregation-induced emission(AIE)molecules incorporated as anti-biofouling agent.The resultant bioinspired evaporator demonstrates a high evaporation rate of 12.83 kg m−2 h−1 when treating simulated ANW containing 30 wt%NH4Cl under 1.0 sun of illumination.AIE-doped evaporator exhibits remarkable photodynamic antibacterial activity against mildew and bacteria,ensuring outstanding resistance to biofouling over extended periods of wastewater treatment.When enhanced by natural wind under 1.0 sun irradiation,the evaporator achieves an impressive evaporation rate exceeding 20 kg m−2 h−1.This advancement represents a promising and viable approach for the effective removal of ammonia nitrogen wastewater.展开更多
Electrical discharge treatments of synthetic dyeing wastewater were carried out with two different systems： underwater pulsed electrical discharge （UPED） and underwater dielectric barrier discharge （UDBD）. Reacti...Electrical discharge treatments of synthetic dyeing wastewater were carried out with two different systems： underwater pulsed electrical discharge （UPED） and underwater dielectric barrier discharge （UDBD）. Reactive Blue 4 （RB4） and Acid Red 4 （AR4） were used as model contaminants for the synthetic wastewater. The performance of the aforementioned systems was compared with respect to the chromaticity removal and the energy requirement. The results showed that the present electrical discharge systems were very effective for degradation of the dyes. The dependences of the dye degradation rate on treatment time, initial dye concentration, electrical energy, and the type of working gas including air, 02, and N2 were examined. The change in the initial dye concentration did not largely affect the degradation of either RB4 or AR4. The energy delivered to the UPED system was only partially utilized for generating reactive species capable of degrading the dyes, leading to higher energy requirement than the UDBD system. Among the working gases, the best performance was observed with O2. As the degradation proceeded, the concentration of total dissolved solids and the solution conductivity kept increasing while pH showed a decreasing trend, revealing that the dyes were effectively mineralized.展开更多
This study investigated the treatment of textile-dyeing wastewater by using an electrical discharge technique （positive pulsed corona discharge）. The high-voltage electrode was placed above the surface Of the wastew...This study investigated the treatment of textile-dyeing wastewater by using an electrical discharge technique （positive pulsed corona discharge）. The high-voltage electrode was placed above the surface Of the wastewater while the ground electrode was submerged in the wastewater. The electrical discharge starting at the tip of the high voltage electrode propagated toward the surface of the wastewater, producing various oxidative radicals and ozone. Oxygen was used as the working gas instead of air to prevent nitrogen oxides from forming. The simulated wastewater was made up with amaranth, which is a kind of azo dye. The results obtained showed that the chromaticity of the wastewater was almost completely removed within an hour. The ultraviolet/visible spectra of the wastewater treated by the electrical discharge revealed that the total hydrocarbon level also decreased significantly.展开更多
A total of 14 halophilic hydrocarbon-degrading strains were isolated from crude oil-contaminated sites,using petroleum as the sole carbon and energy source.Among these,four highly efficient strains were selected to cr...A total of 14 halophilic hydrocarbon-degrading strains were isolated from crude oil-contaminated sites,using petroleum as the sole carbon and energy source.Among these,four highly efficient strains were selected to create the mixed bacterial agent XH-1.These four strains were identified through 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing as belonging to Acinetobacter,Bacillus paramycoides,Rhodococcus sp.,and Enterobacter sp.,respectively.The optimal cultivation time for the mixed consortium XH-1 was found to be 48 h,and a nitrogen-phosphorus molar ratio of 10:1 was determined to be beneficial for crude oil degradation.XH-1 showed notable crude oil degradation even at a salinity of up to 30 g/L,with little inhibition observed at sulfide concentrations as high as 150 mg/L and initial oil concentrations of 500 mg/L.Gas chromatography analysis revealed that XH-1 was able to efficiently degrade C9–C29 n-alkanes.Moreover,a bio-contact oxidation reactor enhanced by XH-1 showed promising results in treating oilfield wastewater.These findings suggest that XH-1 can be applied for the treatment of oilfield wastewater.展开更多
中试含能材料废水含各类高浓度含氮化合物(氨氮(NH_(3)─N)、亚硝酸盐(NO_(2)^(-))、硝酸盐(NO3-)等)和有机污染物,是一类极难降解的废水。为实现对含能材料废水中含氮化合物的高效、定向去除,采用热丝化学气相沉积(热丝化学气相沉积法(...中试含能材料废水含各类高浓度含氮化合物(氨氮(NH_(3)─N)、亚硝酸盐(NO_(2)^(-))、硝酸盐(NO3-)等)和有机污染物,是一类极难降解的废水。为实现对含能材料废水中含氮化合物的高效、定向去除,采用热丝化学气相沉积(热丝化学气相沉积法(HFCVD))法制备的掺硼金刚石(BDD)电极对其进行电化学降解,重点研究了氯化钠和硫酸钠等电解质成分及浓度、修饰电极类型(如Cu/BDD、Ni/BD电极)及电解装置结构(单池、双池)对含氮化合物降解效果的影响。结果表明:在含能材料废水中添加0.1 M氯化钠电解质有助于提高NH3─N直接转化为氮气(N_(2))的选择性;采用Cu/BDD、Ni/BDD阴极可加速高价氮向NH_(3)─N的转化过程;双电解池结构体系下,以Cu/BDD、Ni/BDD电极为阳极可以提高NH3─N转化为N_(2)的降解速率。因此,采用金属修饰BDD电极为阳极的双电解池结构在添加0.1 M NaCl电解质情况下有望对宏量含能材料废水进行快速、高效、高选择性降解。展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grants(2022R1A2C4001228,2022M3H4A4097524,2022M3I3A1082499,and 2021M3I3A1084818)the Technology Innovation Program(20026415)of the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Korea)the supports from Nanopac for fabrication of scaled-up reactor.
文摘Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2) production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy carrier.This study reports Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)spinel layer with TiO_(2) overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment cell.In dilute(0.1 M)NaCl solutions,the NFI/TiO_(2) marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).Robust operation in near-neutral pH was confirmed.Electroanalyses including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO_(2) which serves both as the primary site for Cl−chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic contact.Galvanostatic electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)conversion,but also enhances H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive chlorine.The scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO_(2)was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203226)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232023G-06).
文摘The treatment of ammonia nitrogen wastewater(ANW)has garnered significant attention due to the ecology,and even biology is under increasing threat from over discharge ANW.Conventional ANW treatment methods often encounter challenges such as complex processes,high costs and secondary pollution.Considerable progress has been made in employing solar-induced evaporators for wastewater treatment.However,there remain notable barriers to transitioning from fundamental research to practical applications,including insufficient evaporation rates and inadequate resistance to biofouling.Herein,we propose a novel evaporator,which comprises a bio-enzyme-treated wood aerogel that serves as water pumping and storage layer,a cost-effective multi-walled carbon nanotubes coated hydrophobic/hydrophilic fibrous nonwoven mat functioning as photothermal evaporation layer,and aggregation-induced emission(AIE)molecules incorporated as anti-biofouling agent.The resultant bioinspired evaporator demonstrates a high evaporation rate of 12.83 kg m−2 h−1 when treating simulated ANW containing 30 wt%NH4Cl under 1.0 sun of illumination.AIE-doped evaporator exhibits remarkable photodynamic antibacterial activity against mildew and bacteria,ensuring outstanding resistance to biofouling over extended periods of wastewater treatment.When enhanced by natural wind under 1.0 sun irradiation,the evaporator achieves an impressive evaporation rate exceeding 20 kg m−2 h−1.This advancement represents a promising and viable approach for the effective removal of ammonia nitrogen wastewater.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education, Science & Technology (MEST)the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
文摘Electrical discharge treatments of synthetic dyeing wastewater were carried out with two different systems： underwater pulsed electrical discharge （UPED） and underwater dielectric barrier discharge （UDBD）. Reactive Blue 4 （RB4） and Acid Red 4 （AR4） were used as model contaminants for the synthetic wastewater. The performance of the aforementioned systems was compared with respect to the chromaticity removal and the energy requirement. The results showed that the present electrical discharge systems were very effective for degradation of the dyes. The dependences of the dye degradation rate on treatment time, initial dye concentration, electrical energy, and the type of working gas including air, 02, and N2 were examined. The change in the initial dye concentration did not largely affect the degradation of either RB4 or AR4. The energy delivered to the UPED system was only partially utilized for generating reactive species capable of degrading the dyes, leading to higher energy requirement than the UDBD system. Among the working gases, the best performance was observed with O2. As the degradation proceeded, the concentration of total dissolved solids and the solution conductivity kept increasing while pH showed a decreasing trend, revealing that the dyes were effectively mineralized.
文摘This study investigated the treatment of textile-dyeing wastewater by using an electrical discharge technique （positive pulsed corona discharge）. The high-voltage electrode was placed above the surface Of the wastewater while the ground electrode was submerged in the wastewater. The electrical discharge starting at the tip of the high voltage electrode propagated toward the surface of the wastewater, producing various oxidative radicals and ozone. Oxygen was used as the working gas instead of air to prevent nitrogen oxides from forming. The simulated wastewater was made up with amaranth, which is a kind of azo dye. The results obtained showed that the chromaticity of the wastewater was almost completely removed within an hour. The ultraviolet/visible spectra of the wastewater treated by the electrical discharge revealed that the total hydrocarbon level also decreased significantly.
基金the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2019MEE038,ZR202110260011)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.19CX02038A)。
文摘A total of 14 halophilic hydrocarbon-degrading strains were isolated from crude oil-contaminated sites,using petroleum as the sole carbon and energy source.Among these,four highly efficient strains were selected to create the mixed bacterial agent XH-1.These four strains were identified through 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing as belonging to Acinetobacter,Bacillus paramycoides,Rhodococcus sp.,and Enterobacter sp.,respectively.The optimal cultivation time for the mixed consortium XH-1 was found to be 48 h,and a nitrogen-phosphorus molar ratio of 10:1 was determined to be beneficial for crude oil degradation.XH-1 showed notable crude oil degradation even at a salinity of up to 30 g/L,with little inhibition observed at sulfide concentrations as high as 150 mg/L and initial oil concentrations of 500 mg/L.Gas chromatography analysis revealed that XH-1 was able to efficiently degrade C9–C29 n-alkanes.Moreover,a bio-contact oxidation reactor enhanced by XH-1 showed promising results in treating oilfield wastewater.These findings suggest that XH-1 can be applied for the treatment of oilfield wastewater.
文摘中试含能材料废水含各类高浓度含氮化合物(氨氮(NH_(3)─N)、亚硝酸盐(NO_(2)^(-))、硝酸盐(NO3-)等)和有机污染物,是一类极难降解的废水。为实现对含能材料废水中含氮化合物的高效、定向去除,采用热丝化学气相沉积(热丝化学气相沉积法(HFCVD))法制备的掺硼金刚石(BDD)电极对其进行电化学降解,重点研究了氯化钠和硫酸钠等电解质成分及浓度、修饰电极类型(如Cu/BDD、Ni/BD电极)及电解装置结构(单池、双池)对含氮化合物降解效果的影响。结果表明:在含能材料废水中添加0.1 M氯化钠电解质有助于提高NH3─N直接转化为氮气(N_(2))的选择性;采用Cu/BDD、Ni/BDD阴极可加速高价氮向NH_(3)─N的转化过程;双电解池结构体系下,以Cu/BDD、Ni/BDD电极为阳极可以提高NH3─N转化为N_(2)的降解速率。因此,采用金属修饰BDD电极为阳极的双电解池结构在添加0.1 M NaCl电解质情况下有望对宏量含能材料废水进行快速、高效、高选择性降解。
