Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in surface water samples were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC-MS) to study their distribution and characterizing sources.The water samples wer...Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in surface water samples were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC-MS) to study their distribution and characterizing sources.The water samples were collected from five sites(J1-J5) in the Jialing River of Chongqing downtown area from September 2009 to August 2010.The results demonstrate that the concentration of total PAHs in three samples upstream are relatively higher than those in other two sites downstream,with average concentration of total PAHs for each site ranging from 811.5 ng/L to 1585.8 ng/L.The 2,3 and 4-ring PAHs for sampling stations account for 13.0%,56.6% and 28.6%,respectively,in total PAHs.There are obvious tendencies of seasonal change for PAHs concentration in surface water.The PAHs concentration in April of wet season is 1 301.6 ng/L,which is 1.3 times the lowest amount of total PAHs in August of flood season.Ratios of specific PAH compounds were used to characterize the possible pollution sources.Experimental results indicate that the PAHs in surface water samples are primarily from pyrolytic PAHs because of factories along these sites,while the direct leakage of petroleum products may be significant for two sites,Jiahua Bridge(J4) and Huanghuayuan Bridge(J5),because of the wharf boat nearby.展开更多
Desorption of total saturated fractions(i.e. SAT, defined for this study as the summation of the concentrations of the saturated hydrocarbon from n-C10 to n-C26) and polycyclic aromatic fractions(i.e. PAH, defined as ...Desorption of total saturated fractions(i.e. SAT, defined for this study as the summation of the concentrations of the saturated hydrocarbon from n-C10 to n-C26) and polycyclic aromatic fractions(i.e. PAH, defined as the summation of the concentrations of all polycyclic aromatic fractions including the 16 EPA priority PAH) in two types of soils subjected to the changes of p H and salinity and different bio-surfactant concentrations were investigated. In general, compared with the experiments without bio-surfactant addition, adding rhamnolipid to crude oil-water systems at concentrations above its critical micelle concentration(CMC) values benefits SAT and PAH desorption. The results indicate that the change of p H could have distinct effects on rhamnolipid performance concerning its own micelle structure and soil properties. For loam soil, the adsorption of non-aqueous phase liquid(NAPL) and rhamnolipid would be the principle limiting factors during the NAPL removal procedure. For sand soil, less amount of rhamnolipid is adsorbed onto soil. Thus, with the increase of salinity, the solubilization and desorption of rhamnolipid solution are more significant. In summary, the p H and salt sensitivity of the bio-surfactant will vary according to the specific structure of the surfactant characteristics and soil properties.展开更多
In this study,a GC-MS/SIM method was used to analyze 16 PAHs in soil by ASE on-line clean-up.The average recoveries were ranged from 67% to 129%.The relative standard deviations were between 2.7% and 21.1%.The calcula...In this study,a GC-MS/SIM method was used to analyze 16 PAHs in soil by ASE on-line clean-up.The average recoveries were ranged from 67% to 129%.The relative standard deviations were between 2.7% and 21.1%.The calculated limits of detection were no more than 0.95 ng/g.This method was fast,simple,and cost-saving,and can be used in the large quantities of samples analysis.展开更多
基金Project(41101457) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2009-122) supported by the Fund of Chongqing Municipal Construction Commission, China
文摘Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in surface water samples were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC-MS) to study their distribution and characterizing sources.The water samples were collected from five sites(J1-J5) in the Jialing River of Chongqing downtown area from September 2009 to August 2010.The results demonstrate that the concentration of total PAHs in three samples upstream are relatively higher than those in other two sites downstream,with average concentration of total PAHs for each site ranging from 811.5 ng/L to 1585.8 ng/L.The 2,3 and 4-ring PAHs for sampling stations account for 13.0%,56.6% and 28.6%,respectively,in total PAHs.There are obvious tendencies of seasonal change for PAHs concentration in surface water.The PAHs concentration in April of wet season is 1 301.6 ng/L,which is 1.3 times the lowest amount of total PAHs in August of flood season.Ratios of specific PAH compounds were used to characterize the possible pollution sources.Experimental results indicate that the PAHs in surface water samples are primarily from pyrolytic PAHs because of factories along these sites,while the direct leakage of petroleum products may be significant for two sites,Jiahua Bridge(J4) and Huanghuayuan Bridge(J5),because of the wharf boat nearby.
基金Project(8102032) supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Desorption of total saturated fractions(i.e. SAT, defined for this study as the summation of the concentrations of the saturated hydrocarbon from n-C10 to n-C26) and polycyclic aromatic fractions(i.e. PAH, defined as the summation of the concentrations of all polycyclic aromatic fractions including the 16 EPA priority PAH) in two types of soils subjected to the changes of p H and salinity and different bio-surfactant concentrations were investigated. In general, compared with the experiments without bio-surfactant addition, adding rhamnolipid to crude oil-water systems at concentrations above its critical micelle concentration(CMC) values benefits SAT and PAH desorption. The results indicate that the change of p H could have distinct effects on rhamnolipid performance concerning its own micelle structure and soil properties. For loam soil, the adsorption of non-aqueous phase liquid(NAPL) and rhamnolipid would be the principle limiting factors during the NAPL removal procedure. For sand soil, less amount of rhamnolipid is adsorbed onto soil. Thus, with the increase of salinity, the solubilization and desorption of rhamnolipid solution are more significant. In summary, the p H and salt sensitivity of the bio-surfactant will vary according to the specific structure of the surfactant characteristics and soil properties.
文摘In this study,a GC-MS/SIM method was used to analyze 16 PAHs in soil by ASE on-line clean-up.The average recoveries were ranged from 67% to 129%.The relative standard deviations were between 2.7% and 21.1%.The calculated limits of detection were no more than 0.95 ng/g.This method was fast,simple,and cost-saving,and can be used in the large quantities of samples analysis.
