针对上海这一特大城市,构建了Weather Research and Forecasting-Community Multiscale Air Quality(WRF-CMAQ)耦合模型以分析二噁英(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans,PCDD/Fs)的大气传输过程和呼吸暴露风险.结果表明:模...针对上海这一特大城市,构建了Weather Research and Forecasting-Community Multiscale Air Quality(WRF-CMAQ)耦合模型以分析二噁英(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans,PCDD/Fs)的大气传输过程和呼吸暴露风险.结果表明:模型模拟的PCDD/Fs浓度中有69.88%的模拟值为观测值的0.5~2倍,精度良好.2019年上海大气在冬季的PCDD/Fs污染水平最高,其次是在秋季和春季,最低是在夏季,质量浓度分别为847.08、629.53、588.38和406.96 fg/m^(3),毒性当量TEQ浓度分别为59.29、44.46、40.80和28.08 fg I-TEQ/m^(3).大气PCDD/Fs污染严重的地方为杨浦区、虹口区、黄浦区、静安区、宝山区、金山区、松江区.上海居民对PCDD/Fs的呼吸暴露量表现为幼儿>老年人>成年人的趋势,分别为10.67、8.86和8.47 fg I-TEQ/(kg·d),暴露风险均在可接受水平内.此外,本地排放源对污染的贡献远大于外地排放源,这说明上海大气中的PCDD/Fs污染主要是由本地的工业生产过程和燃烧活动造成的.展开更多
Labeled polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)were extracted by three different methods,i.e.,soxhlet extraction,hot extraction and accelerated solvent extraction(ASE).The PCDD/Fs were detected by...Labeled polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)were extracted by three different methods,i.e.,soxhlet extraction,hot extraction and accelerated solvent extraction(ASE).The PCDD/Fs were detected by high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.Comparisons of the three methods were carried out by recovery of PCDD/Fs,solvent consumption and extraction time.The results showed that all of the method could extract labeled PCDD/Fs efficiently.ASE was a time saving procedure with lowest consumption of solvents compared with the other two methods.展开更多
A rapid pretreatment method of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in soil and analysis by high resolution gas chromatograph-high resolution mass spectrometry was present.The extraction and a...A rapid pretreatment method of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in soil and analysis by high resolution gas chromatograph-high resolution mass spectrometry was present.The extraction and alumina clean up of PCDD/Fs in soil was achieved by accelerated solvent extractor.Then the multi-layer silica-gel column was used for further clean up.The whole method has been evaluated on certified reference soil and farm soil.Accuracy and precision of this method was tested with satisfactory results.展开更多
文摘针对上海这一特大城市,构建了Weather Research and Forecasting-Community Multiscale Air Quality(WRF-CMAQ)耦合模型以分析二噁英(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans,PCDD/Fs)的大气传输过程和呼吸暴露风险.结果表明:模型模拟的PCDD/Fs浓度中有69.88%的模拟值为观测值的0.5~2倍,精度良好.2019年上海大气在冬季的PCDD/Fs污染水平最高,其次是在秋季和春季,最低是在夏季,质量浓度分别为847.08、629.53、588.38和406.96 fg/m^(3),毒性当量TEQ浓度分别为59.29、44.46、40.80和28.08 fg I-TEQ/m^(3).大气PCDD/Fs污染严重的地方为杨浦区、虹口区、黄浦区、静安区、宝山区、金山区、松江区.上海居民对PCDD/Fs的呼吸暴露量表现为幼儿>老年人>成年人的趋势,分别为10.67、8.86和8.47 fg I-TEQ/(kg·d),暴露风险均在可接受水平内.此外,本地排放源对污染的贡献远大于外地排放源,这说明上海大气中的PCDD/Fs污染主要是由本地的工业生产过程和燃烧活动造成的.
文摘Labeled polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)were extracted by three different methods,i.e.,soxhlet extraction,hot extraction and accelerated solvent extraction(ASE).The PCDD/Fs were detected by high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.Comparisons of the three methods were carried out by recovery of PCDD/Fs,solvent consumption and extraction time.The results showed that all of the method could extract labeled PCDD/Fs efficiently.ASE was a time saving procedure with lowest consumption of solvents compared with the other two methods.
文摘A rapid pretreatment method of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in soil and analysis by high resolution gas chromatograph-high resolution mass spectrometry was present.The extraction and alumina clean up of PCDD/Fs in soil was achieved by accelerated solvent extractor.Then the multi-layer silica-gel column was used for further clean up.The whole method has been evaluated on certified reference soil and farm soil.Accuracy and precision of this method was tested with satisfactory results.
