In northern China,light and temperature are major limiting factors for plant growth,particularly during seed production and seedling establishment.While previous studies suggested a possible role for the MYB97 gene in...In northern China,light and temperature are major limiting factors for plant growth,particularly during seed production and seedling establishment.While previous studies suggested a possible role for the MYB97 gene in cold-stress,confirmation through documented evidence was lacking.In this study,we transformed the MYB97 gene from Iris laevigata into tobacco,and discovered that the gene boosted photosynthesis,photoprotection and resilience to cold.The transgenic tobacco seeds exhibited enhanced germination and accelerated seedling growth.Moreover,these plants had decreased levels of MDA(Malondialdehyde)and relative conductance,coupled with elevated concentrations of proline and soluble sugars.This response was accompanied by heightened activity of antioxidant enzymes during periods of cold stress(4 and−2℃).Exposure to low temperatures(0–15℃)also reduced heights but accentuated primary root growth in transgenic tobacco plants.Additionally,tobacco leaves showed an increased growth along with higher chlorophyll levels,net photosynthetic rates,stomatal conductance,transpiration rates and non-photochemical quenching coefficient.This study shows that IlMYB97(The MYB97 genes in I.laevigata)improves cold-resistance,and enhances photosynthesis and photoprotective ability,and thus overall growth and development.These findings would offer the genetic resources to further study cold resistance and photosynthesis.展开更多
Ultraviolet(UV)-induced photoaging skin has become an urgent issue.The functional foods and cosmetics aiming to improve skin photoaging are developing rapidly,and the demand is gradually increasing year by year.Collag...Ultraviolet(UV)-induced photoaging skin has become an urgent issue.The functional foods and cosmetics aiming to improve skin photoaging are developing rapidly,and the demand is gradually increasing year by year.Collagen peptides have been proven to display diverse physiological activities,such as excellent moisture retention activity,hygroscopicity,tyrosinase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity,which indicates that they have great potential in amelioration of UV-induced photoaging.The main objective of this article is to recap the main mechanisms to improve photoaging skin by collagen peptides and their physiological activities in photo-protection.Furthermore,the extraction and structural characteristics of collagen peptides are overviewed.More importantly,some clinical trials on the beneficial effect on skin of collagen peptides are also discussed.In addition,prospects and challenges of collagen peptides are emphatically elucidated in this review.This article implies that collagen peptides have great potential as an effective ingredient in food and cosmetics industry with a wide application prospect.展开更多
Urban trees provide vital ecosystem services such as mitigating heat island,improving air quality by removing various air pollutants,capturing rainwater,and acting as topsoil carbon storage.The aesthetic value of urba...Urban trees provide vital ecosystem services such as mitigating heat island,improving air quality by removing various air pollutants,capturing rainwater,and acting as topsoil carbon storage.The aesthetic value of urban trees is also another feature that has to be considered in the context of urban greening.Classical criteria for the selection of urban trees have to respond to new challenges imposed to the cities in a near future.Global climate change factors increase the harshness of our cities,and thereby the plant resilience to abiotic stresses has also to be seriously considered for planning the urban greening.Red-leafed species,characterized by the permanent presence of foliar anthocyanins,show a greater tolerance to diff erent environmental cues than green-leafed species commonly used in our cities.In addition,red tree species own a great aesthetic value which has been underestimated in the context of urban areas,especially in the harsh Mediterranean cities.In this study,we emphasize the“privilege of being red”from diff erent point of view,in order to drive the attention to the possibility to increase the use of red-leafed species for urban“greening”.Some possible negative aspects related to their use are rebutted and the direction of future researches are proposed.展开更多
In scenarios of climatic change when increased global temperatures can be expected,it is essential to search for technologies that favor sapling survival and growth after planting and increase yield in the field.Kaoli...In scenarios of climatic change when increased global temperatures can be expected,it is essential to search for technologies that favor sapling survival and growth after planting and increase yield in the field.Kaolin-based particle films(KBPF)have been applied as barriers against the deleterious effects of high levels of solar radiation.The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of applying purified calcined kaolin-based particle film to young eucalyptus plants.Five treatments were carried out:0%(just water),3%,5%,7%,and 10%calcined kaolin applied to the adaxial part of the leaves.A complete randomized block design was used with five treatments and ten replicates.The plants were assessed for height,diameter at ground level,gas exchanges(net photosynthetic CO_(2) assimilation,stomatal conductance and transpiration),instantaneous(WUE)and intrinsic water use efficiency(IWUE),chlorophyll a fluorescence(maximum quantum yield of photosystem II(PSII)(Fv/Fm),concentration of active reaction centers in relation to the quantity of photons absorbed(RC/ABS)and the maximum ratio of quantum yields of photochemical and concurrent non-photochemical processes in PSII(Fv/F0),SPAD reading and leaf ontogeny.The 3%KBPF concentration showed the best responses in biometric assessments 80 days after planting(DAP)and were corroborated by the responses of the leaf,stem and shoot dry matter production as a whole.The leaf ontogeny assessments showed positive responses following KBPF application when considering leaf development,with 7%KBPF concentration resulting in the highest mean values.The mean specific leaf mass had negative response to high KBPF concentrations.At 60 DAP,the gas exchange variables during both assessment periods declined with an increase in KBPF concentration.Significant differences as a result of KBPF applications were found only at the start of the assessments(34 DAP)for both WUE and for IWUE.Leaf‘greenness’(SPAD reading)at 47 days showed a quadratic relationship in both periods.The variables of chlorophyll fluorescence showed a linear response at 34 DAP and a quadratic response 60 DAP.KBPF application increased height and diameter growth in plants treated with 3%KBPF but this response was not associated with photochemical efficiency and photosynthetic carbon assimilation values on a single-leaf basis.The best performance among the variables was provided by 3%KBPF application.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(2019FY100500)the Fun-damental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2572023CT18)the Natural Fund Project of Heilongjiang Province(LH 2020C 044).
文摘In northern China,light and temperature are major limiting factors for plant growth,particularly during seed production and seedling establishment.While previous studies suggested a possible role for the MYB97 gene in cold-stress,confirmation through documented evidence was lacking.In this study,we transformed the MYB97 gene from Iris laevigata into tobacco,and discovered that the gene boosted photosynthesis,photoprotection and resilience to cold.The transgenic tobacco seeds exhibited enhanced germination and accelerated seedling growth.Moreover,these plants had decreased levels of MDA(Malondialdehyde)and relative conductance,coupled with elevated concentrations of proline and soluble sugars.This response was accompanied by heightened activity of antioxidant enzymes during periods of cold stress(4 and−2℃).Exposure to low temperatures(0–15℃)also reduced heights but accentuated primary root growth in transgenic tobacco plants.Additionally,tobacco leaves showed an increased growth along with higher chlorophyll levels,net photosynthetic rates,stomatal conductance,transpiration rates and non-photochemical quenching coefficient.This study shows that IlMYB97(The MYB97 genes in I.laevigata)improves cold-resistance,and enhances photosynthesis and photoprotective ability,and thus overall growth and development.These findings would offer the genetic resources to further study cold resistance and photosynthesis.
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFD0400200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31972102,31671881,and 31901683)+4 种基金Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology(No.cstc2018jcyj A0939)Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Demonstration Project(No.cstc2018jscx-msyb X0204)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.XDJK2019B028)Innovation Program for Chongqing’s Overseas Returnees(cx2019072)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(SWU 019009)。
文摘Ultraviolet(UV)-induced photoaging skin has become an urgent issue.The functional foods and cosmetics aiming to improve skin photoaging are developing rapidly,and the demand is gradually increasing year by year.Collagen peptides have been proven to display diverse physiological activities,such as excellent moisture retention activity,hygroscopicity,tyrosinase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity,which indicates that they have great potential in amelioration of UV-induced photoaging.The main objective of this article is to recap the main mechanisms to improve photoaging skin by collagen peptides and their physiological activities in photo-protection.Furthermore,the extraction and structural characteristics of collagen peptides are overviewed.More importantly,some clinical trials on the beneficial effect on skin of collagen peptides are also discussed.In addition,prospects and challenges of collagen peptides are emphatically elucidated in this review.This article implies that collagen peptides have great potential as an effective ingredient in food and cosmetics industry with a wide application prospect.
文摘Urban trees provide vital ecosystem services such as mitigating heat island,improving air quality by removing various air pollutants,capturing rainwater,and acting as topsoil carbon storage.The aesthetic value of urban trees is also another feature that has to be considered in the context of urban greening.Classical criteria for the selection of urban trees have to respond to new challenges imposed to the cities in a near future.Global climate change factors increase the harshness of our cities,and thereby the plant resilience to abiotic stresses has also to be seriously considered for planning the urban greening.Red-leafed species,characterized by the permanent presence of foliar anthocyanins,show a greater tolerance to diff erent environmental cues than green-leafed species commonly used in our cities.In addition,red tree species own a great aesthetic value which has been underestimated in the context of urban areas,especially in the harsh Mediterranean cities.In this study,we emphasize the“privilege of being red”from diff erent point of view,in order to drive the attention to the possibility to increase the use of red-leafed species for urban“greening”.Some possible negative aspects related to their use are rebutted and the direction of future researches are proposed.
基金CAPES(Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior),FAPEMA(Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico do Maranhao)and FAPERJ(Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro)for financial support,and CNPq fellowships awarded 312959/2019,to Campostrini E.
文摘In scenarios of climatic change when increased global temperatures can be expected,it is essential to search for technologies that favor sapling survival and growth after planting and increase yield in the field.Kaolin-based particle films(KBPF)have been applied as barriers against the deleterious effects of high levels of solar radiation.The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of applying purified calcined kaolin-based particle film to young eucalyptus plants.Five treatments were carried out:0%(just water),3%,5%,7%,and 10%calcined kaolin applied to the adaxial part of the leaves.A complete randomized block design was used with five treatments and ten replicates.The plants were assessed for height,diameter at ground level,gas exchanges(net photosynthetic CO_(2) assimilation,stomatal conductance and transpiration),instantaneous(WUE)and intrinsic water use efficiency(IWUE),chlorophyll a fluorescence(maximum quantum yield of photosystem II(PSII)(Fv/Fm),concentration of active reaction centers in relation to the quantity of photons absorbed(RC/ABS)and the maximum ratio of quantum yields of photochemical and concurrent non-photochemical processes in PSII(Fv/F0),SPAD reading and leaf ontogeny.The 3%KBPF concentration showed the best responses in biometric assessments 80 days after planting(DAP)and were corroborated by the responses of the leaf,stem and shoot dry matter production as a whole.The leaf ontogeny assessments showed positive responses following KBPF application when considering leaf development,with 7%KBPF concentration resulting in the highest mean values.The mean specific leaf mass had negative response to high KBPF concentrations.At 60 DAP,the gas exchange variables during both assessment periods declined with an increase in KBPF concentration.Significant differences as a result of KBPF applications were found only at the start of the assessments(34 DAP)for both WUE and for IWUE.Leaf‘greenness’(SPAD reading)at 47 days showed a quadratic relationship in both periods.The variables of chlorophyll fluorescence showed a linear response at 34 DAP and a quadratic response 60 DAP.KBPF application increased height and diameter growth in plants treated with 3%KBPF but this response was not associated with photochemical efficiency and photosynthetic carbon assimilation values on a single-leaf basis.The best performance among the variables was provided by 3%KBPF application.
