Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are mineral nutrients essential for plant growth and development,playing a crucial role throughout the plant life cycle.Cotton,a globally significant textile crop,has a particularly high de...Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are mineral nutrients essential for plant growth and development,playing a crucial role throughout the plant life cycle.Cotton,a globally significant textile crop,has a particularly high demand for N fertilizer across its developmental stages.This review explores the effects of adequate or deficient N and P levels on cotton growth phases,focusing on their influence on physiological processes and molecular mechanisms.Key topics include the regulation of N-and P-related enzymes,hormones,and genes,as well as the complex interplay of N-and P-related signaling pathways from the aspects of N-P signaling integration to regulate root development,N-P signaling integration to regulate nutrient uptake,and regulation of N-P interactions—a frontier in current research.Strategies for improving N and P use efficiency are also discussed,including developing high-efficiency cotton cultivars and identifying functional genes to enhance productivity.Generally speaking,we take model plants as a reference in the hope of coming up with new strategies for the efficient utilization of N and P in cotton.展开更多
To achieve the purpose of reducing farm non-point source pollution, we integrated site specific nitrogen management precise irrigation, controlled drainage, and wetland eco-repair system in dike area of Taihu basin. D...To achieve the purpose of reducing farm non-point source pollution, we integrated site specific nitrogen management precise irrigation, controlled drainage, and wetland eco-repair system in dike area of Taihu basin. During investigation, it had given prominence for the water and fertilizer coupling effects of precise irrigation and site specific nutrient management, the characteristics of integration on controlled irrigation, controlled drainage and wetland ecosystem non-point source pollution control. Then the water and fertilizer integrated management mode of paddy field was put forward in Taihu basin where the water production efficiency increased to 1.64 kg. m-3, water saved 37.8%, fertilizer use efficiency raised 15,4%, yield raised 10%, and N, P load decreased 26%-72%. The modern agricultural and farmland ecosystems that control and cut down the farm non-point source pollution came into being, which can be a reference by Taihu basin to control its agricultural non-point source pollution and eutrophicated water body.展开更多
In order to explore the effects of different silicon preparations on the soil fertility of paddy fields,a pot experiment with Dongnong 427 was carried on.Different types of silicon preparations,including Si-50-G,Si-60...In order to explore the effects of different silicon preparations on the soil fertility of paddy fields,a pot experiment with Dongnong 427 was carried on.Different types of silicon preparations,including Si-50-G,Si-60-G,Si-RH,Si-50 and Si-60,were sprayed on the leaves of rice at the tillering stage,and CK was set in the control stage.The contents of alkali nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and available silicon in soil were determined in the tillering stage,booting stage and maturity stage of rice.The results showed that spraying different silicon preparations at the tillering stage could promote the activation and release of soil available nutrients in different degrees.展开更多
In order to produce efficiently symbiotic system in acid soils which could be used for the recovery of insoluble phosphate soil and improvement of the fertility, etc., host range of Rhizobium was isolated from the roo...In order to produce efficiently symbiotic system in acid soils which could be used for the recovery of insoluble phosphate soil and improvement of the fertility, etc., host range of Rhizobium was isolated from the root nodules of wild and cultivated soybean varieties growing in south China, evaluated the effects of Rhizobium on enhance nitrogen fixing activities, phosphorus(P), nitrogen(N) uptakes, growth and yield of soybean under pot and field conditions. The results showed that combined Rhizobium inoculation was more effective than individual Rhizobium inoculation. The combined Rhizobium of CW54 strains had the highest effect, nodule number, nodule weight and nodule nitrogenase activity were markedly stimulated as compared to those of the control U110, respectively. The nitrogen contents in the plants treated with CW54 strains were significantly increased by 43.2% as compared to those of the control U110 in Al-P soil, but statistical significance was not observed in Fe-P soil. By contrast, inoculation with CW54 significantly enhanced phosphorus uptake of plant in Fe-P soil than that in Al-P soil. The effects of inoculation of CW54 strains in a field condition were similar to those of in a pot condition. The total biomass and yield in the plants treated with CW54 strains were significantly increased by 86.4% and 51.4% as compared to those of the control at the time of soybean podding in a field condition, respectively. These results suggested that inoculation Rhizobium was beneficial for soybean nutrient uptake, growth and yield under insoluble phosphate soil conditions.展开更多
The aim of this study was to establish the applicability of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS)as a rapid method for the accurate estimation of nutrient components in agricultural soils.Focusing on the soil o...The aim of this study was to establish the applicability of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS)as a rapid method for the accurate estimation of nutrient components in agricultural soils.Focusing on the soil of the Sanjiang Plain,NIRS was used to predict soil organic matter(SOM),the total nitrogen(TN)and the total phosphorus(TP).A total of 540 samples were collected from the three different depths(180 samples from each depth:0-10,10-20 and 20-30 cm),from 2015 to 2017,from the Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province,China.From every depth,120 samples were used to construct the calibration set.Other 60 samples were used to check the efficiency of the model.Combining the first-order differentiation with the partial least square(PLS)method,a prediction model was obtained to measure SOM,TN and TP.The correlation coefficient of SOM from 0 to 10 cm was R2=0.9567,from 10 to 20 cm was R2=0.9416,and from 20 to 30 cm was R2=0.9402.The corresponding ratio(standard deviation[SD]/root mean square error of prediction[RMSEP])was>2.96.R2 of TN with the three depths was 0.9154,0.9028 and 0.9024,respectively,all with SD/RMSEP>2.89.Meanwhile,R2 of TP with the three depths was 0.8974,0.8624 and 0.7804,respectively,all with SD/RMSEP>2.50.These results demonstrated that NIRS based on the first-order differentiation and PLS could efficiently predict SOM,TN and TP from different soil depths.展开更多
基金supported by Supported by National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization(CB2023C07)Xinjiang Autonomous Region"Three Agricultural"Backbone Talent Training Program(2022SNGGNT024)Xinjiang Huyanghe City Science and Technology Program(2023C08).
文摘Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are mineral nutrients essential for plant growth and development,playing a crucial role throughout the plant life cycle.Cotton,a globally significant textile crop,has a particularly high demand for N fertilizer across its developmental stages.This review explores the effects of adequate or deficient N and P levels on cotton growth phases,focusing on their influence on physiological processes and molecular mechanisms.Key topics include the regulation of N-and P-related enzymes,hormones,and genes,as well as the complex interplay of N-and P-related signaling pathways from the aspects of N-P signaling integration to regulate root development,N-P signaling integration to regulate nutrient uptake,and regulation of N-P interactions—a frontier in current research.Strategies for improving N and P use efficiency are also discussed,including developing high-efficiency cotton cultivars and identifying functional genes to enhance productivity.Generally speaking,we take model plants as a reference in the hope of coming up with new strategies for the efficient utilization of N and P in cotton.
基金Supported by NSFC (50839002)Society Development Program of Jiangsu Province (BS2007139)
文摘To achieve the purpose of reducing farm non-point source pollution, we integrated site specific nitrogen management precise irrigation, controlled drainage, and wetland eco-repair system in dike area of Taihu basin. During investigation, it had given prominence for the water and fertilizer coupling effects of precise irrigation and site specific nutrient management, the characteristics of integration on controlled irrigation, controlled drainage and wetland ecosystem non-point source pollution control. Then the water and fertilizer integrated management mode of paddy field was put forward in Taihu basin where the water production efficiency increased to 1.64 kg. m-3, water saved 37.8%, fertilizer use efficiency raised 15,4%, yield raised 10%, and N, P load decreased 26%-72%. The modern agricultural and farmland ecosystems that control and cut down the farm non-point source pollution came into being, which can be a reference by Taihu basin to control its agricultural non-point source pollution and eutrophicated water body.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31340032)。
文摘In order to explore the effects of different silicon preparations on the soil fertility of paddy fields,a pot experiment with Dongnong 427 was carried on.Different types of silicon preparations,including Si-50-G,Si-60-G,Si-RH,Si-50 and Si-60,were sprayed on the leaves of rice at the tillering stage,and CK was set in the control stage.The contents of alkali nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and available silicon in soil were determined in the tillering stage,booting stage and maturity stage of rice.The results showed that spraying different silicon preparations at the tillering stage could promote the activation and release of soil available nutrients in different degrees.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371642)
文摘In order to produce efficiently symbiotic system in acid soils which could be used for the recovery of insoluble phosphate soil and improvement of the fertility, etc., host range of Rhizobium was isolated from the root nodules of wild and cultivated soybean varieties growing in south China, evaluated the effects of Rhizobium on enhance nitrogen fixing activities, phosphorus(P), nitrogen(N) uptakes, growth and yield of soybean under pot and field conditions. The results showed that combined Rhizobium inoculation was more effective than individual Rhizobium inoculation. The combined Rhizobium of CW54 strains had the highest effect, nodule number, nodule weight and nodule nitrogenase activity were markedly stimulated as compared to those of the control U110, respectively. The nitrogen contents in the plants treated with CW54 strains were significantly increased by 43.2% as compared to those of the control U110 in Al-P soil, but statistical significance was not observed in Fe-P soil. By contrast, inoculation with CW54 significantly enhanced phosphorus uptake of plant in Fe-P soil than that in Al-P soil. The effects of inoculation of CW54 strains in a field condition were similar to those of in a pot condition. The total biomass and yield in the plants treated with CW54 strains were significantly increased by 86.4% and 51.4% as compared to those of the control at the time of soybean podding in a field condition, respectively. These results suggested that inoculation Rhizobium was beneficial for soybean nutrient uptake, growth and yield under insoluble phosphate soil conditions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(31802120)Research and Demonstration of Large-scale Artificial Grassland Combined Plant and Circular Mode(2017YFD0502106)Academic Backbone Fund Project of Northeast Agricultural University。
文摘The aim of this study was to establish the applicability of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS)as a rapid method for the accurate estimation of nutrient components in agricultural soils.Focusing on the soil of the Sanjiang Plain,NIRS was used to predict soil organic matter(SOM),the total nitrogen(TN)and the total phosphorus(TP).A total of 540 samples were collected from the three different depths(180 samples from each depth:0-10,10-20 and 20-30 cm),from 2015 to 2017,from the Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province,China.From every depth,120 samples were used to construct the calibration set.Other 60 samples were used to check the efficiency of the model.Combining the first-order differentiation with the partial least square(PLS)method,a prediction model was obtained to measure SOM,TN and TP.The correlation coefficient of SOM from 0 to 10 cm was R2=0.9567,from 10 to 20 cm was R2=0.9416,and from 20 to 30 cm was R2=0.9402.The corresponding ratio(standard deviation[SD]/root mean square error of prediction[RMSEP])was>2.96.R2 of TN with the three depths was 0.9154,0.9028 and 0.9024,respectively,all with SD/RMSEP>2.89.Meanwhile,R2 of TP with the three depths was 0.8974,0.8624 and 0.7804,respectively,all with SD/RMSEP>2.50.These results demonstrated that NIRS based on the first-order differentiation and PLS could efficiently predict SOM,TN and TP from different soil depths.
