A radiation hard phase-locked loop （PLL） is designed at 2.5 GHz using silicon on sapphire complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process. Radiation hardness is achieved through improving circuit design without sacr...A radiation hard phase-locked loop （PLL） is designed at 2.5 GHz using silicon on sapphire complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process. Radiation hardness is achieved through improving circuit design without sacrificing real estate. Stability is guaranteed by a fully self-bias architecture. The lock time of PLL is minimized by maximizing the loop bandwidth. Frequency tuning range of voltage controlled oscillator is significantly enhanced by a novel load configuration. In addition, multiple bias stages, asynchronous frequency divider, and silicon on sapphire process jointly make the proposed PLL more radiation hard. Layout of this PLL is simulated by Cadence Spectre RF under both single event effect and total induced dose effect. Simulation results demonstrate excellent stability, lock time 〈 600 ns, frequency tuning range [1.57 GHz, 3.46 GHz], and jitter 〈 12 ps. Through comparison with PLLs in literatures, the PLL is especially superior in terms of lock time and frequency tuning range performances.展开更多
Strategic management of equipment system develop-ment must attach importance to effective strategic risk manage-ment.Aiming at the identification of strategic risk of equipment system development,firstly,the source of...Strategic management of equipment system develop-ment must attach importance to effective strategic risk manage-ment.Aiming at the identification of strategic risk of equipment system development,firstly,the source of strategic risk of equip-ment system development is analyzed and classified.Based on this,a causal loop diagram of strategic risk of equipment sys-tem development based on system dynamics is established.The system dynamics analysis software Vensim PLE is used to carry out the risk influencing factors analysis,risk consequences ana-lysis,risk feedback loop identification and corresponding pre-control measures,and achieves a good risk identification effect.展开更多
In the wireless guidance system, the signals that receiver received has obvious Doppler shift for the high dynamic characteristic of the carrier. A new solution of carrier frequency tracking loop with frequency modify...In the wireless guidance system, the signals that receiver received has obvious Doppler shift for the high dynamic characteristic of the carrier. A new solution of carrier frequency tracking loop with frequency modifying system is put forward. The characteristic of cross product auto frequency control and the second order loop filter in this loop are analyzed. The simulation shows that this loop can accomplish frequency tracking well in high dynamic circumstance.展开更多
The concept of unmanned weapon system-of-systems(UWSoS)involves a collection of various unmanned systems to achieve or accomplish a specific goal or mission.The mission reliability of UWSoS is represented by its abili...The concept of unmanned weapon system-of-systems(UWSoS)involves a collection of various unmanned systems to achieve or accomplish a specific goal or mission.The mission reliability of UWSoS is represented by its ability to finish a required mission above the baselines of a given mission.However,issues with heterogeneity,cooperation between systems,and the emergence of UWSoS cannot be effectively solved by traditional system reliability methods.This study proposes an effective operation-loop-based mission reliability evaluation method for UWSoS by analyzing dynamic reconfiguration.First,we present a new connotation of an effective operation loop by considering the allocation of operational entities and physical resource constraints.Then,we propose an effective operationloop-based mission reliability model for a heterogeneous UWSoS according to the mission baseline.Moreover,a mission reliability evaluation algorithm is proposed under random external shocks and topology reconfiguration,revealing the evolution law of the effective operation loop and mission reliability.Finally,a typical 60-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-swarm is taken as an example to demonstrate the proposed models and methods.The mission reliability is achieved by considering external shocks,which can serve as a reference for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of UWSoS.展开更多
为提高单相动态电压恢复器（dynamic voltage restorer,DVR）的补偿性能,提出一种基于等效基波及奇次谐波谐振器组的数字控制方法。采用可等效为一组谐振器的延时模块,能够有效抑制电网基波和谐波扰动。给出一种包含两个控制参数和一组...为提高单相动态电压恢复器（dynamic voltage restorer,DVR）的补偿性能,提出一种基于等效基波及奇次谐波谐振器组的数字控制方法。采用可等效为一组谐振器的延时模块,能够有效抑制电网基波和谐波扰动。给出一种包含两个控制参数和一组零相移陷波滤波器的结构及其设计方法,使系统在保证稳定性的同时,获得较大的谐振增益。其中,延时环节衰减系数可增加谐振器组鲁棒性;控制器比例增益可解决零相移陷波器中使用延时带来的问题;零相移陷波器组既能对消LC谐振峰,也能解决等效谐振器组高增益在高频处的稳定性问题。同时,引入电源电压和负载电流双前馈来保证响应速度,增加了对扰动的抑制能力。所提控制策略结构简单,谐波补偿能力强,动态响应快,易于实现。在2kW单相DVR实验装置上的实验结果验证了该控制方法的正确性。展开更多
锁频环(frequency-locked loop,FLL)能够快速准确地获取电网的电压和频率信息,被广泛应用于电网同步。当前FLL参数调节在不同性能之间需折中处理,难以获得期望的动态响应。该文提出一种可采用标准化滤波器设计方法的锁频环技术。首先,...锁频环(frequency-locked loop,FLL)能够快速准确地获取电网的电压和频率信息,被广泛应用于电网同步。当前FLL参数调节在不同性能之间需折中处理,难以获得期望的动态响应。该文提出一种可采用标准化滤波器设计方法的锁频环技术。首先,利用小信号模型,设计能够解耦前置滤波器动态的频率观测环,从而使频率观测环内可独立设计滤波器,实现锁频环滤波的同时,灵活设计滤波参数。该方法能在简化计算量的同时提高滤波能力,并能观测频率变化率(rate of change of frequency,RoCoF)。最后,该文给出高阶低通滤波器(high-order low-pass filter,HOLPF)以及移动平均滤波器(moving average filter,MAF)两种设计方案,采用MATLAB/Simulink仿真及实验验证所提灵活动态FLL的有效性及正确性。展开更多
激光雷达同时定位与建图(LiDAR SLAM)技术通常适用于静态环境下,而在动态场景下,定位与建图效果会受到影响;同时,地面分割模块通常用作点云分类处理,然而地面欠分割问题会影响特征点的选择;并且,通常的框架只使用一种回环检测方法,这可...激光雷达同时定位与建图(LiDAR SLAM)技术通常适用于静态环境下,而在动态场景下,定位与建图效果会受到影响;同时,地面分割模块通常用作点云分类处理,然而地面欠分割问题会影响特征点的选择;并且,通常的框架只使用一种回环检测方法,这可能会导致漏检现象。针对上述问题,提出一种动态场景下基于地面分割与回环优化的LiDAR SLAM系统(GSLC-SLAM)。首先,利用lmnet对点云进行动态剔除,该算法将生成的距离图像与残差图像作为网络的输入,并通过SalsaNext网络预测出动态物体;其次,利用高效的gridestiamte算法进行地面分割,该算法利用不均匀网格划分的方法来减少网格的数量,从而保证分割的效率,并利用正交性、高度和平坦度这3个指标进一步筛选地面点;最后,使用由LinK3D(Linear Keypoints for Three Dimensions point cloud)描述子与BoW3D(Bag of Words for Three Dimensions point cloud)词袋构成的新回环检测方法检测回环,该方法利用边缘特征点生成描述子,使用类似于汉明距离的方式进行描述子匹配,并采用类似于词袋的方法构建BoW3D作为LinK3D描述子的数据库,从而对关键帧提取的描述子进行存储以及回环检测。在数据集KITTI(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago)上的实验结果表明,在KITTI00、02与05序列中与Lego-Loam(Lightweight and ground-optimized LiDAR odometry and mapping)相比,GSLC-SLAM的均方根误差(RMSE)分别降低了5.8%,78.2%,12.5%;相较于F-LOAM(Fast LiDAR Odometry And Mapping),在KITTI00与05序列中GSLC-SLAM的RMSE分别降低了76.7%和53.8%,而在KITTI02序列中GSLC-SLAM表现不佳。经过验证可知,GSLC-SLAM可以有效减少动态物体的干扰、精确分割地面点并减少回环检测的漏检,进而使系统定位精度更高且更鲁棒。展开更多
文摘A radiation hard phase-locked loop （PLL） is designed at 2.5 GHz using silicon on sapphire complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process. Radiation hardness is achieved through improving circuit design without sacrificing real estate. Stability is guaranteed by a fully self-bias architecture. The lock time of PLL is minimized by maximizing the loop bandwidth. Frequency tuning range of voltage controlled oscillator is significantly enhanced by a novel load configuration. In addition, multiple bias stages, asynchronous frequency divider, and silicon on sapphire process jointly make the proposed PLL more radiation hard. Layout of this PLL is simulated by Cadence Spectre RF under both single event effect and total induced dose effect. Simulation results demonstrate excellent stability, lock time 〈 600 ns, frequency tuning range [1.57 GHz, 3.46 GHz], and jitter 〈 12 ps. Through comparison with PLLs in literatures, the PLL is especially superior in terms of lock time and frequency tuning range performances.
文摘Strategic management of equipment system develop-ment must attach importance to effective strategic risk manage-ment.Aiming at the identification of strategic risk of equipment system development,firstly,the source of strategic risk of equip-ment system development is analyzed and classified.Based on this,a causal loop diagram of strategic risk of equipment sys-tem development based on system dynamics is established.The system dynamics analysis software Vensim PLE is used to carry out the risk influencing factors analysis,risk consequences ana-lysis,risk feedback loop identification and corresponding pre-control measures,and achieves a good risk identification effect.
文摘In the wireless guidance system, the signals that receiver received has obvious Doppler shift for the high dynamic characteristic of the carrier. A new solution of carrier frequency tracking loop with frequency modifying system is put forward. The characteristic of cross product auto frequency control and the second order loop filter in this loop are analyzed. The simulation shows that this loop can accomplish frequency tracking well in high dynamic circumstance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72101270,72001213).
文摘The concept of unmanned weapon system-of-systems(UWSoS)involves a collection of various unmanned systems to achieve or accomplish a specific goal or mission.The mission reliability of UWSoS is represented by its ability to finish a required mission above the baselines of a given mission.However,issues with heterogeneity,cooperation between systems,and the emergence of UWSoS cannot be effectively solved by traditional system reliability methods.This study proposes an effective operation-loop-based mission reliability evaluation method for UWSoS by analyzing dynamic reconfiguration.First,we present a new connotation of an effective operation loop by considering the allocation of operational entities and physical resource constraints.Then,we propose an effective operationloop-based mission reliability model for a heterogeneous UWSoS according to the mission baseline.Moreover,a mission reliability evaluation algorithm is proposed under random external shocks and topology reconfiguration,revealing the evolution law of the effective operation loop and mission reliability.Finally,a typical 60-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-swarm is taken as an example to demonstrate the proposed models and methods.The mission reliability is achieved by considering external shocks,which can serve as a reference for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of UWSoS.
文摘为提高单相动态电压恢复器（dynamic voltage restorer,DVR）的补偿性能,提出一种基于等效基波及奇次谐波谐振器组的数字控制方法。采用可等效为一组谐振器的延时模块,能够有效抑制电网基波和谐波扰动。给出一种包含两个控制参数和一组零相移陷波滤波器的结构及其设计方法,使系统在保证稳定性的同时,获得较大的谐振增益。其中,延时环节衰减系数可增加谐振器组鲁棒性;控制器比例增益可解决零相移陷波器中使用延时带来的问题;零相移陷波器组既能对消LC谐振峰,也能解决等效谐振器组高增益在高频处的稳定性问题。同时,引入电源电压和负载电流双前馈来保证响应速度,增加了对扰动的抑制能力。所提控制策略结构简单,谐波补偿能力强,动态响应快,易于实现。在2kW单相DVR实验装置上的实验结果验证了该控制方法的正确性。
文摘锁频环(frequency-locked loop,FLL)能够快速准确地获取电网的电压和频率信息,被广泛应用于电网同步。当前FLL参数调节在不同性能之间需折中处理,难以获得期望的动态响应。该文提出一种可采用标准化滤波器设计方法的锁频环技术。首先,利用小信号模型,设计能够解耦前置滤波器动态的频率观测环,从而使频率观测环内可独立设计滤波器,实现锁频环滤波的同时,灵活设计滤波参数。该方法能在简化计算量的同时提高滤波能力,并能观测频率变化率(rate of change of frequency,RoCoF)。最后,该文给出高阶低通滤波器(high-order low-pass filter,HOLPF)以及移动平均滤波器(moving average filter,MAF)两种设计方案,采用MATLAB/Simulink仿真及实验验证所提灵活动态FLL的有效性及正确性。
文摘激光雷达同时定位与建图(LiDAR SLAM)技术通常适用于静态环境下,而在动态场景下,定位与建图效果会受到影响;同时,地面分割模块通常用作点云分类处理,然而地面欠分割问题会影响特征点的选择;并且,通常的框架只使用一种回环检测方法,这可能会导致漏检现象。针对上述问题,提出一种动态场景下基于地面分割与回环优化的LiDAR SLAM系统(GSLC-SLAM)。首先,利用lmnet对点云进行动态剔除,该算法将生成的距离图像与残差图像作为网络的输入,并通过SalsaNext网络预测出动态物体;其次,利用高效的gridestiamte算法进行地面分割,该算法利用不均匀网格划分的方法来减少网格的数量,从而保证分割的效率,并利用正交性、高度和平坦度这3个指标进一步筛选地面点;最后,使用由LinK3D(Linear Keypoints for Three Dimensions point cloud)描述子与BoW3D(Bag of Words for Three Dimensions point cloud)词袋构成的新回环检测方法检测回环,该方法利用边缘特征点生成描述子,使用类似于汉明距离的方式进行描述子匹配,并采用类似于词袋的方法构建BoW3D作为LinK3D描述子的数据库,从而对关键帧提取的描述子进行存储以及回环检测。在数据集KITTI(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago)上的实验结果表明,在KITTI00、02与05序列中与Lego-Loam(Lightweight and ground-optimized LiDAR odometry and mapping)相比,GSLC-SLAM的均方根误差(RMSE)分别降低了5.8%,78.2%,12.5%;相较于F-LOAM(Fast LiDAR Odometry And Mapping),在KITTI00与05序列中GSLC-SLAM的RMSE分别降低了76.7%和53.8%,而在KITTI02序列中GSLC-SLAM表现不佳。经过验证可知,GSLC-SLAM可以有效减少动态物体的干扰、精确分割地面点并减少回环检测的漏检,进而使系统定位精度更高且更鲁棒。
