Wind erosion is a major cause of land desertification and sandstorm formation in arid and semi-arid areas.The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of soybeans crude extract induced calcium carbonate p...Wind erosion is a major cause of land desertification and sandstorm formation in arid and semi-arid areas.The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of soybeans crude extract induced calcium carbonate precipitation(SICP)on reducing wind erosion risk of sandy soil.Field tests were carried out in Ulan Buh Desert,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China.Results showed that the SICP method could significantly enhance the surface strength and wind erosion resistance of the topsoil.The optimal cementation solution(urea-CaCl2)concentration and spraying volume,according to experiments conducted on sandy land,were 0.2 mol/L and 4 L/m^2,respectively.Under this condition,the CaCO3 content was approximately 0.45%,the surface strength of sandy soil could reach 306.2 kPa,and the depth of wind erosion was approximately zero,after 30 d completion of SICP treatment.Soil surface strength declined with the increase of time,and long-term sand fixation effects of SICP treatment varied depending on topography.Whereas wind erosion in the top area of the windward slope was remarkable,sandy soils on the bottom area of the windward slope still maintained a relatively high level of surface strength and a low degree of wind erosion 12 month after SICP treatment.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)tests with energy dispersive X-ray(EDX)confirmed the precipitation of CaCO3 and its bridge effect.These findings suggested that the SICP method is a promising candidate to protect sandy soil from wind erosion in desert areas.展开更多
In recent years,magnetic fields have been widely applied in catalysis to increase the performance of electrocatalysis,photocatalysis,and thermocatalysis through an important noncontact way.This work demonstrated that ...In recent years,magnetic fields have been widely applied in catalysis to increase the performance of electrocatalysis,photocatalysis,and thermocatalysis through an important noncontact way.This work demonstrated that doping CsPbCl_(3) halide perovskite nanocrystals with nickel ions(Ni^(2+))and applying an external magnetic field can significantly enhance the performance of the photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).Compared with its counterpart,Ni-doped CsPbCl_(3) exhibits a sixfold increase in CO_(2)RR efficiency under a 500 mT magnetic field.Insights into the mechanism of this enhancement effect were obtained through photogenerated current density measurements and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism.The results illustrate that the significant enhancement in catalytic performance by the magnetic field is attributed to the synergistic effects of magnetic element doping and the external magnetic field,leading to reduced electron‒hole recombination and extended carrier lifetimes.This study provides an effective strategy for enhancing the efficiency of the photocatalytic CO_(2)RR by manipulating spin-polarized electrons in photocatalytic semiconductors via a noncontact external magnetic field.展开更多
为探究不同稻-鸭-虾种养模式与水稻单作模式和传统稻-虾种养模式的碳排放及碳固定特征差异,于湖北省荆州市华中农业大学双水双绿研究基地开展大田试验,以水稻品种华墨香5号、克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarki)、肉鸭武禽10号为试验材料,...为探究不同稻-鸭-虾种养模式与水稻单作模式和传统稻-虾种养模式的碳排放及碳固定特征差异,于湖北省荆州市华中农业大学双水双绿研究基地开展大田试验,以水稻品种华墨香5号、克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarki)、肉鸭武禽10号为试验材料,研究水稻单作(monoculture,CK1)模式、稻-虾种植(rice-crayfish coculture,CK2)、稻-鸭-虾单元格投放(rice-duck-crayfish unit release model,CRXD)、稻-鸭-虾“游牧鸭”(rice-duckcrayfish“nomadic duck”model,NRXD)、稻-鸭-虾大田块(rice-duck-crayfish large field block model,BRXD)共5种养模式下稻田甲烷(methane,CH4)、氧化亚氮(nitrous oxide,N2O)排放、全球增温潜势(global warming potential,GWP)、温室气体排放强度(greenhouse gas emission intensity,GHGI)以及碳固定潜力。结果显示,相比传统水稻单作模式,稻-鸭-虾模式降低了稻田CH4排放、GWP、GHGI,碳中和效应显著增加。与水稻单作相比,稻-鸭-虾模式CH4的排放量降低了28.1%~32.1%,GWP降低了27.0%~30.7%,GHGI降低了23.0%~26.7%,碳固定增加了2089~2569 kg/hm^(2)。与稻-虾种养相比,稻-鸭-虾模式的CH4排放量降低了18.6%~23.1%,GWP降低了17.9%~22.2%,GHGI下降18.7%~22.0%,碳固定增加了616~1096 kg/hm^(2)。结果表明,稻-鸭-虾模式可以降低稻田碳排放量,提高稻田碳中和潜力,其中稻-鸭-虾大田块模式固碳减排效果最佳。展开更多
基金Projects(51978244,51979088,51608169)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Wind erosion is a major cause of land desertification and sandstorm formation in arid and semi-arid areas.The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of soybeans crude extract induced calcium carbonate precipitation(SICP)on reducing wind erosion risk of sandy soil.Field tests were carried out in Ulan Buh Desert,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China.Results showed that the SICP method could significantly enhance the surface strength and wind erosion resistance of the topsoil.The optimal cementation solution(urea-CaCl2)concentration and spraying volume,according to experiments conducted on sandy land,were 0.2 mol/L and 4 L/m^2,respectively.Under this condition,the CaCO3 content was approximately 0.45%,the surface strength of sandy soil could reach 306.2 kPa,and the depth of wind erosion was approximately zero,after 30 d completion of SICP treatment.Soil surface strength declined with the increase of time,and long-term sand fixation effects of SICP treatment varied depending on topography.Whereas wind erosion in the top area of the windward slope was remarkable,sandy soils on the bottom area of the windward slope still maintained a relatively high level of surface strength and a low degree of wind erosion 12 month after SICP treatment.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)tests with energy dispersive X-ray(EDX)confirmed the precipitation of CaCO3 and its bridge effect.These findings suggested that the SICP method is a promising candidate to protect sandy soil from wind erosion in desert areas.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1501003)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A2081)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92261105,22221003)the Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Project(2023z04020010,2022a05020053)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2108085UD06,2208085UD04)the USTC Research Funds of the Double First Class Initiative(YD2060002029,YD2060006005)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2060000004,WK2060000021,WK2060000025,WK9990000155)the Joint Funds from Hefei National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory(KY2060000180,KY2060000195).
文摘In recent years,magnetic fields have been widely applied in catalysis to increase the performance of electrocatalysis,photocatalysis,and thermocatalysis through an important noncontact way.This work demonstrated that doping CsPbCl_(3) halide perovskite nanocrystals with nickel ions(Ni^(2+))and applying an external magnetic field can significantly enhance the performance of the photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).Compared with its counterpart,Ni-doped CsPbCl_(3) exhibits a sixfold increase in CO_(2)RR efficiency under a 500 mT magnetic field.Insights into the mechanism of this enhancement effect were obtained through photogenerated current density measurements and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism.The results illustrate that the significant enhancement in catalytic performance by the magnetic field is attributed to the synergistic effects of magnetic element doping and the external magnetic field,leading to reduced electron‒hole recombination and extended carrier lifetimes.This study provides an effective strategy for enhancing the efficiency of the photocatalytic CO_(2)RR by manipulating spin-polarized electrons in photocatalytic semiconductors via a noncontact external magnetic field.
文摘为探究不同稻-鸭-虾种养模式与水稻单作模式和传统稻-虾种养模式的碳排放及碳固定特征差异,于湖北省荆州市华中农业大学双水双绿研究基地开展大田试验,以水稻品种华墨香5号、克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarki)、肉鸭武禽10号为试验材料,研究水稻单作(monoculture,CK1)模式、稻-虾种植(rice-crayfish coculture,CK2)、稻-鸭-虾单元格投放(rice-duck-crayfish unit release model,CRXD)、稻-鸭-虾“游牧鸭”(rice-duckcrayfish“nomadic duck”model,NRXD)、稻-鸭-虾大田块(rice-duck-crayfish large field block model,BRXD)共5种养模式下稻田甲烷(methane,CH4)、氧化亚氮(nitrous oxide,N2O)排放、全球增温潜势(global warming potential,GWP)、温室气体排放强度(greenhouse gas emission intensity,GHGI)以及碳固定潜力。结果显示,相比传统水稻单作模式,稻-鸭-虾模式降低了稻田CH4排放、GWP、GHGI,碳中和效应显著增加。与水稻单作相比,稻-鸭-虾模式CH4的排放量降低了28.1%~32.1%,GWP降低了27.0%~30.7%,GHGI降低了23.0%~26.7%,碳固定增加了2089~2569 kg/hm^(2)。与稻-虾种养相比,稻-鸭-虾模式的CH4排放量降低了18.6%~23.1%,GWP降低了17.9%~22.2%,GHGI下降18.7%~22.0%,碳固定增加了616~1096 kg/hm^(2)。结果表明,稻-鸭-虾模式可以降低稻田碳排放量,提高稻田碳中和潜力,其中稻-鸭-虾大田块模式固碳减排效果最佳。
