Heterotopic ossification(HO)is a consequence of traumatic bone and tissue damage,which occurs in 65%of military casualties with blast-associated amputations.However,the mechanisms behind blast-induced HO remain unclea...Heterotopic ossification(HO)is a consequence of traumatic bone and tissue damage,which occurs in 65%of military casualties with blast-associated amputations.However,the mechanisms behind blast-induced HO remain unclear.Animal models are used to study blast-induced HO,but developing such models is challenging,particularly in how to use a pure blast wave(primary blast)to induce limb fracture that then requires an amputation.Several studies,including our recent study,have developed platforms to induce limb fractures in rats with blast loading or a mixture of blast and impact loading.However,these models are limited by the survivability of the animal and repeatability of the model.In this study,we developed an improved platform,aiming to improve the animal's survivability and injury repeatability as well as focusing on primary blast only.The platform exposed only one limb of the rat to a blast wave while providing proper protection to the rest of the rat's body.We obtained very consistent fracture outcome in the tibia(location and pattern)in cadaveric rats with a large range of size and weight.Importantly,the rats did not obviously move during the test,where movement is a potential cause of uncontrolled injury.We further conducted parametric studies by varying the features of the design of the platform.These factors,such as how the limb is fixed and how the cavity through which the limb is placed is sealed,significantly affect the resulting injury.This platform and test setups enable well-controlled limb fracture induced directly by pure blast wave,which is the fundamental step towards a complete in vivo animal model for blast-induced HO induced by primary blast alone,excluding secondary and tertiary blast injury.In addition,the platform design and the findings presented here,particularly regarding the proper protection of the animal,have implications for future studies investigating localized blast injuries,such as blast induced brain and lung injuries.展开更多
脊柱韧带骨化性疾病是一类临床常见的多因素迟发性疾病,起病隐匿,常引起脊髓和神经根病变,以多种脊柱韧带骨化为特征,包括后纵韧带骨化（ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament,OPLL）、黄韧带骨化（ossification of the...脊柱韧带骨化性疾病是一类临床常见的多因素迟发性疾病,起病隐匿,常引起脊髓和神经根病变,以多种脊柱韧带骨化为特征,包括后纵韧带骨化（ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament,OPLL）、黄韧带骨化（ossification of the ligamentum flavum,OLF）和弥漫性特发性骨肥大症（diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis,DISH）[1]。展开更多
基金the auspices of the Royal British Legion Centre for Blast Injury Studies at Imperial College Londonthe financial support of the Royal British Legion。
文摘Heterotopic ossification(HO)is a consequence of traumatic bone and tissue damage,which occurs in 65%of military casualties with blast-associated amputations.However,the mechanisms behind blast-induced HO remain unclear.Animal models are used to study blast-induced HO,but developing such models is challenging,particularly in how to use a pure blast wave(primary blast)to induce limb fracture that then requires an amputation.Several studies,including our recent study,have developed platforms to induce limb fractures in rats with blast loading or a mixture of blast and impact loading.However,these models are limited by the survivability of the animal and repeatability of the model.In this study,we developed an improved platform,aiming to improve the animal's survivability and injury repeatability as well as focusing on primary blast only.The platform exposed only one limb of the rat to a blast wave while providing proper protection to the rest of the rat's body.We obtained very consistent fracture outcome in the tibia(location and pattern)in cadaveric rats with a large range of size and weight.Importantly,the rats did not obviously move during the test,where movement is a potential cause of uncontrolled injury.We further conducted parametric studies by varying the features of the design of the platform.These factors,such as how the limb is fixed and how the cavity through which the limb is placed is sealed,significantly affect the resulting injury.This platform and test setups enable well-controlled limb fracture induced directly by pure blast wave,which is the fundamental step towards a complete in vivo animal model for blast-induced HO induced by primary blast alone,excluding secondary and tertiary blast injury.In addition,the platform design and the findings presented here,particularly regarding the proper protection of the animal,have implications for future studies investigating localized blast injuries,such as blast induced brain and lung injuries.
文摘脊柱韧带骨化性疾病是一类临床常见的多因素迟发性疾病,起病隐匿,常引起脊髓和神经根病变,以多种脊柱韧带骨化为特征,包括后纵韧带骨化（ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament,OPLL）、黄韧带骨化（ossification of the ligamentum flavum,OLF）和弥漫性特发性骨肥大症（diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis,DISH）[1]。
