Ultrasmall gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)typically includes atomically precise gold nanoclusters(AuNCs)and AuNPs with a core size below 3 nm.Serving as a bridge between small molecules and traditional inorganic nanoparticl...Ultrasmall gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)typically includes atomically precise gold nanoclusters(AuNCs)and AuNPs with a core size below 3 nm.Serving as a bridge between small molecules and traditional inorganic nanoparticles,the ultrasmall AuNPs show the unique advantages of both small molecules(e.g.,rapid distribution,renal clearance,low non-specific organ accumulation)and nanoparticles(e.g.,long blood circulation and enhanced permeability and retention effect).The emergence of ultrasmall AuNPs creates significant opportunities to address many challenges in the health field including disease diagnosis,monitoring and treatment.Since the nano–bio interaction dictates the overall biological applications of the ultrasmall AuNPs,this review elucidates the recent advances in the biological interactions and imaging of ultrasmall AuNPs.We begin with the introduction of the factors that influence the cellular interactions of ultrasmall AuNPs.We then discuss the organ interactions,especially focus on the interactions of the liver and kidneys.We further present the recent advances in the tumor interactions of ultrasmall AuNPs.In addition,the imaging performance of the ultrasmall AuNPs is summarized and discussed.Finally,we summarize this review and provide some perspective on the future research direction of the ultrasmall AuNPs,aiming to accelerate their clinical translation.展开更多
The interfaces between the inorganic metal oxide and organic photoactive layer are of outmost importance for efficiency and stability in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the promising candidates f...The interfaces between the inorganic metal oxide and organic photoactive layer are of outmost importance for efficiency and stability in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the promising candidates for the electron transport layer(ETL)in high-performance inverted OSCs.When a solution-processed SnO_(2)ETL is employed,however,the presence of interfacial defects and suboptimal interfacial contact can lower the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and operational stability of OSCs.Herein,highly efficient and stable inverted OSCs by modification of the SnO_(2)surface with ultraviolet(UV)-curable acrylate oligomers(SAR and OCS)are demonstrated.The highest PCEs of 16.6%and 17.0%are achieved in PM6:Y6-BO OSCs with the SAR and OCS,respectively,outperforming a device with a bare SnO_(2)ETL(PCE 13.8%).The remarkable enhancement of PCEs is attributed to the optimized interfacial contact,leading to mitigated surface defects.More strikingly,improved light-soaking and thermal stability strongly correlated with the interfacial defects are demonstrated for OSCs based on SnO_(2)/UV cross-linked resins compared to OSCs utilizing bare SnO_(2).We believe that UV cross-linking oligomers will play a key role as interfacial modifiers in the future fabrication of large-area and flexible OSCs with high efficiency and stability.展开更多
Since the first International Textile Exhibition created by SPINEXPO in March 2003, Ms. Karine Van Tassel, the founder and organizer of SPINEXPO, dedicates herself to the display of the
[目的]解决烤烟生长连作障碍。[方法]通过2021—2023年生物有机肥定位试验,研究连续3年生物有机肥施用对连作植烟土壤养分及微生多样性的影响。[结果]连作种植下连续3年施用生物有机肥的植烟土壤pH及有机质呈上升趋势,碱解氮含量降低,...[目的]解决烤烟生长连作障碍。[方法]通过2021—2023年生物有机肥定位试验,研究连续3年生物有机肥施用对连作植烟土壤养分及微生多样性的影响。[结果]连作种植下连续3年施用生物有机肥的植烟土壤pH及有机质呈上升趋势,碱解氮含量降低,有效磷及速效钾含量保持稳定。MiSeq高通量测序技术对植烟土壤细菌16S DNA V3~V4区域及真菌ITS ITS1的检测结果显示,连作种植下随着生物有机肥施用年限的增加,植烟土壤中的细菌及真菌OTUs数目、Chao1指数、香浓指数及物种数目呈增加趋势。在门水平上,连作植烟土壤酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)丰富度随着生物有机肥施用年限的增加而增加,而拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度减少;植烟土壤生物有机肥施用1年,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)丰富度最高,连续施用2年担子菌门(Basidiomycota)丰富度最高。[结论]生物有机肥能够降低连作植烟土壤酸化状况,提高土壤有机质含量,增加土壤微生物多样性,对稳定土壤速效养分具有一定的作用,为解决烟区连作障碍提供一定的理论依据。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 22022403 and 22274058)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Ultrasmall gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)typically includes atomically precise gold nanoclusters(AuNCs)and AuNPs with a core size below 3 nm.Serving as a bridge between small molecules and traditional inorganic nanoparticles,the ultrasmall AuNPs show the unique advantages of both small molecules(e.g.,rapid distribution,renal clearance,low non-specific organ accumulation)and nanoparticles(e.g.,long blood circulation and enhanced permeability and retention effect).The emergence of ultrasmall AuNPs creates significant opportunities to address many challenges in the health field including disease diagnosis,monitoring and treatment.Since the nano–bio interaction dictates the overall biological applications of the ultrasmall AuNPs,this review elucidates the recent advances in the biological interactions and imaging of ultrasmall AuNPs.We begin with the introduction of the factors that influence the cellular interactions of ultrasmall AuNPs.We then discuss the organ interactions,especially focus on the interactions of the liver and kidneys.We further present the recent advances in the tumor interactions of ultrasmall AuNPs.In addition,the imaging performance of the ultrasmall AuNPs is summarized and discussed.Finally,we summarize this review and provide some perspective on the future research direction of the ultrasmall AuNPs,aiming to accelerate their clinical translation.
基金the Partnership for Skills in Applied Sciences,Engineering and Technology(PASET)-Regional Scholarship Innovation Fund(RSIF)(World Bank PASET No.IP22-15)supported by the National Research Foundation(NRF)(NRF-2021R1A2C2091787 and NRF-2022M3H4A1A03076280)+1 种基金the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)of the Republic of Korea(No.KS2422-10)the National Research Council of Science and Technology(Grant No.Global-23-007)of Republic of Korea。
文摘The interfaces between the inorganic metal oxide and organic photoactive layer are of outmost importance for efficiency and stability in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the promising candidates for the electron transport layer(ETL)in high-performance inverted OSCs.When a solution-processed SnO_(2)ETL is employed,however,the presence of interfacial defects and suboptimal interfacial contact can lower the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and operational stability of OSCs.Herein,highly efficient and stable inverted OSCs by modification of the SnO_(2)surface with ultraviolet(UV)-curable acrylate oligomers(SAR and OCS)are demonstrated.The highest PCEs of 16.6%and 17.0%are achieved in PM6:Y6-BO OSCs with the SAR and OCS,respectively,outperforming a device with a bare SnO_(2)ETL(PCE 13.8%).The remarkable enhancement of PCEs is attributed to the optimized interfacial contact,leading to mitigated surface defects.More strikingly,improved light-soaking and thermal stability strongly correlated with the interfacial defects are demonstrated for OSCs based on SnO_(2)/UV cross-linked resins compared to OSCs utilizing bare SnO_(2).We believe that UV cross-linking oligomers will play a key role as interfacial modifiers in the future fabrication of large-area and flexible OSCs with high efficiency and stability.
文摘Since the first International Textile Exhibition created by SPINEXPO in March 2003, Ms. Karine Van Tassel, the founder and organizer of SPINEXPO, dedicates herself to the display of the
文摘[目的]解决烤烟生长连作障碍。[方法]通过2021—2023年生物有机肥定位试验,研究连续3年生物有机肥施用对连作植烟土壤养分及微生多样性的影响。[结果]连作种植下连续3年施用生物有机肥的植烟土壤pH及有机质呈上升趋势,碱解氮含量降低,有效磷及速效钾含量保持稳定。MiSeq高通量测序技术对植烟土壤细菌16S DNA V3~V4区域及真菌ITS ITS1的检测结果显示,连作种植下随着生物有机肥施用年限的增加,植烟土壤中的细菌及真菌OTUs数目、Chao1指数、香浓指数及物种数目呈增加趋势。在门水平上,连作植烟土壤酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)丰富度随着生物有机肥施用年限的增加而增加,而拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度减少;植烟土壤生物有机肥施用1年,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)丰富度最高,连续施用2年担子菌门(Basidiomycota)丰富度最高。[结论]生物有机肥能够降低连作植烟土壤酸化状况,提高土壤有机质含量,增加土壤微生物多样性,对稳定土壤速效养分具有一定的作用,为解决烟区连作障碍提供一定的理论依据。
