The goethite iron precipitation process consists of several continuous reactors and involves a series of complex chemical reactions,such as oxidation reaction,hydrolysis reaction and neutralization reaction.It is hard...The goethite iron precipitation process consists of several continuous reactors and involves a series of complex chemical reactions,such as oxidation reaction,hydrolysis reaction and neutralization reaction.It is hard to accurately establish a mathematical model of the process featured by strong nonlinearity,uncertainty and time-delay.A modeling method based on time-delay fuzzy gray cognitive network(T-FGCN)for the goethite iron precipitation process was proposed in this paper.On the basis of the process mechanism,experts’practical experience and historical data,the T-FGCN model of the goethite iron precipitation system was established and the weights were studied by using the nonlinear hebbian learning(NHL)algorithm with terminal constraints.By analyzing the system in uncertain environment of varying degrees,in the environment of high uncertainty,the T-FGCN can accurately simulate industrial systems with large time-delay and uncertainty and the simulated system can converge to steady state with zero gray scale or a small one.展开更多
This work presents a method to solve the weak solubility of zinc chloride(ZnCl_2) in the ethanol by adding some reasonable water into an ethanol electrolyte containing ZnCl_2 and myristic acid(CH_3(CH_2)_(12)COOH).A r...This work presents a method to solve the weak solubility of zinc chloride(ZnCl_2) in the ethanol by adding some reasonable water into an ethanol electrolyte containing ZnCl_2 and myristic acid(CH_3(CH_2)_(12)COOH).A rapid one-step electrodeposition process was developed to fabricate anodic(2.5 min) and cathodic(40 s) superhydrophobic surfaces of copper substrate(contact angle more than 150°) in an aqueous ethanol electrolyte.Morphology,composition,chemical structure and superhydrophobicity of these superhydrophobic surfaces were investigated by SEM,FTIR,XRD,and contact angle measurement,respectively.The results indicate that water ratio of the electrolyte can reduce the required deposition time,superhydrophobic surface needs over 30 min with anhydrous electrolyte,while it needs only 2.5 min with electrolyte including 10 mL water,and the maximum contact angle of anodic surface is 166° and that of the cathodic surface is 168°.Two copper electrode surfaces have different reactions in the process of electrodeposition time,and the anodic copper surface covers copper myristate(Cu[CH_3(CH_2)_(12)COO]_2) and cupric chloride(CuCl);while,zinc myristate(Zn[CH_3(CH_2)_(12)COO]_2) and pure zinc(Zn) appear on the cathodic surface.展开更多
To improve the dust removal performance of the wet electrostatic precipitator(WESP), a flow field optimization scheme was proposed via CFD simulation in different scales. The simplified models of perforated and collec...To improve the dust removal performance of the wet electrostatic precipitator(WESP), a flow field optimization scheme was proposed via CFD simulation in different scales. The simplified models of perforated and collection plates were determined firstly. Then the model parameters for the resistance of perforated and collection plates, obtained by small-scale flow simulation, were validated by medium-scale experiments. Through the comparison of the resistance and velocity distribution between simulation results and experimental data, the simplified model is proved to present the resistance characteristics of perforated and collection plates accurately. Numerical results show that after optimization, both the flow rate and the pressure drop in the upper room of electric field regions are basically equivalent to those of the lower room, and the velocity distribution in flue inlet of WESP becomes more uniform. Through the application in practice, the effectiveness and reliability of the optimization scheme are proved, which can provide valuable reference for further optimization of WESP.展开更多
基金Project(61673399)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2017JJ2329)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(2018zzts550)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities,China
文摘The goethite iron precipitation process consists of several continuous reactors and involves a series of complex chemical reactions,such as oxidation reaction,hydrolysis reaction and neutralization reaction.It is hard to accurately establish a mathematical model of the process featured by strong nonlinearity,uncertainty and time-delay.A modeling method based on time-delay fuzzy gray cognitive network(T-FGCN)for the goethite iron precipitation process was proposed in this paper.On the basis of the process mechanism,experts’practical experience and historical data,the T-FGCN model of the goethite iron precipitation system was established and the weights were studied by using the nonlinear hebbian learning(NHL)algorithm with terminal constraints.By analyzing the system in uncertain environment of varying degrees,in the environment of high uncertainty,the T-FGCN can accurately simulate industrial systems with large time-delay and uncertainty and the simulated system can converge to steady state with zero gray scale or a small one.
基金Projects(11304243,11102164)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2014JQ1039)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shannxi Province,China+3 种基金Project(12JK0966)supported by the Shaanxi Provincial Education Department,ChinaProject(2013QDJ037)supported by the Xi’an University of Science and Technology Dr Scientific Research Fund,ChinaProject(3102016ZY027)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of ChinaProject(13GH014602)supported by the Program of New Staff and Research Area Project of NPU,China
文摘This work presents a method to solve the weak solubility of zinc chloride(ZnCl_2) in the ethanol by adding some reasonable water into an ethanol electrolyte containing ZnCl_2 and myristic acid(CH_3(CH_2)_(12)COOH).A rapid one-step electrodeposition process was developed to fabricate anodic(2.5 min) and cathodic(40 s) superhydrophobic surfaces of copper substrate(contact angle more than 150°) in an aqueous ethanol electrolyte.Morphology,composition,chemical structure and superhydrophobicity of these superhydrophobic surfaces were investigated by SEM,FTIR,XRD,and contact angle measurement,respectively.The results indicate that water ratio of the electrolyte can reduce the required deposition time,superhydrophobic surface needs over 30 min with anhydrous electrolyte,while it needs only 2.5 min with electrolyte including 10 mL water,and the maximum contact angle of anodic surface is 166° and that of the cathodic surface is 168°.Two copper electrode surfaces have different reactions in the process of electrodeposition time,and the anodic copper surface covers copper myristate(Cu[CH_3(CH_2)_(12)COO]_2) and cupric chloride(CuCl);while,zinc myristate(Zn[CH_3(CH_2)_(12)COO]_2) and pure zinc(Zn) appear on the cathodic surface.
文摘To improve the dust removal performance of the wet electrostatic precipitator(WESP), a flow field optimization scheme was proposed via CFD simulation in different scales. The simplified models of perforated and collection plates were determined firstly. Then the model parameters for the resistance of perforated and collection plates, obtained by small-scale flow simulation, were validated by medium-scale experiments. Through the comparison of the resistance and velocity distribution between simulation results and experimental data, the simplified model is proved to present the resistance characteristics of perforated and collection plates accurately. Numerical results show that after optimization, both the flow rate and the pressure drop in the upper room of electric field regions are basically equivalent to those of the lower room, and the velocity distribution in flue inlet of WESP becomes more uniform. Through the application in practice, the effectiveness and reliability of the optimization scheme are proved, which can provide valuable reference for further optimization of WESP.
