As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the ...As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the relationship between heavy oil composition and potassium storage performance remains unclear.Using heavy oils containing distinct chemical groups as the carbon source,namely fluid catalytic cracking slurry(FCCS),petroleum asphalt(PA)and deoiled asphalt(DOA),three carbon nanosheets(CNS)were prepared through a molten salt method,and used as the anodes for PIBs.The composition of the heavy oil determines the lamellar thicknesses,sp^(3)-C/sp^(2)-C ratio and defect concentration,thereby affecting the potassium storage performance.The high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and moderate amount of heavy component moieties in FCCS produce carbon nanosheets(CNS-FCCS)that have a smaller layer thickness,larger interlayer spacing(0.372 nm),and increased number of folds than in CNS derived from the other three precursors.These features give it faster charge/ion transfer,more potassium storage sites and better reaction kinetics.CNS-FCCS has a remarkable K^(+)storage capacity(248.7 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^(-1)),long cycle lifespan(190.8 mAh g^(-1) after 800 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1))and excellent rate capability,ranking it among the best materials for this application.This work sheds light on the influence of heavy oil composition on carbon structure and electrochemical performance,and provides guidance for the design and development of advanced heavy oil-derived carbon electrodes for PIBs.展开更多
In order to promote agricultural production and trade cooperation among BRICS countries,and ensure the security and stability of the oils and oilseeds industrial and supply chains in China and the world,the production...In order to promote agricultural production and trade cooperation among BRICS countries,and ensure the security and stability of the oils and oilseeds industrial and supply chains in China and the world,the production,consumption,trade trend,and cooperation potential of oils and oilseeds in BRICS countries were expounded,and relevant policy recommendations were put forward.Most of the BRICS countries are major agricultural producers,and they are also important agricultural product consumption markets in the world.In 2023/2024,the production and consumption of oilseeds in BRICS countries account for nearly half of the world's total;the production of vegetable oils exceeds a quarter of the world's total,and the consumption of vegetable oils accounts for 40%of the world's total.In 2023/2024,the import and export volume of oilseeds exceeds half of the world's total;vegetable oil imports account for 40%of the world's total,and exports account for about one tenth of the world's total.China's imports of oilseeds and oils from BRICS countries account for 68%and 29%of its global imports in 2023,respectively.BRICS countries are rich in agricultural land resources,have great potential for oils and oilseeds production,obvious complementary advantages in trade structure,and huge space for future cooperation.It is suggested that Brazil should be included in the"Belt and Road"co-construction category to promote the continuous deepening of agricultural cooperation between China and Brazil.It is suggested to explore regional agricultural trade agreements among BRICS countries,promote currency settlement and exchange among BRICS countries,and enhance the facilitation and stability of BRICS trade.It is suggested that China should increase its investment in BRICS countries and export advanced technology and management experience to benefit local agricultural development and achieve a mutually beneficial and win-win situation.展开更多
Abstract： Daqu distiller＇s grains were co-fermented as raw materials by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum to produce microbial oils, which can provide raw materials for bio-diesel development. The singl...Abstract： Daqu distiller＇s grains were co-fermented as raw materials by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum to produce microbial oils, which can provide raw materials for bio-diesel development. The single factor tests were used to investigate the effects of ratio of strains, inoculum size, culture temperature and culture time on the production of microbial oils. The best processing conditions were obtained by orthogonal test through measuring the content of microbial oils in product. The result shows that the microbial oils content of the co-fermented product under the ratio of Trichoderma.koningii to Trichosporon cutaneum of 1：1, the inoculum size of strains of 11% at 28 ℃ for 6 d is 7.15 g/L. It is shown that the production of microbial oils co-fermented by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum with Daqu distiller＇s grains is possible. The research provides a new idea for the reuse of Daqu distiller＇s grains and also provides a new way for the development of microbial oils.展开更多
The composition of a collector directly affects its collecting performance in mineral flotation.In this study,three vegetable oils were used as the collectors,the flotation performance of scheelite and the differentia...The composition of a collector directly affects its collecting performance in mineral flotation.In this study,three vegetable oils were used as the collectors,the flotation performance of scheelite and the differential analysis were studied through flotation experiments,zeta potential,contact angle measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FTIR)analysis.Flotation results show that the recovery of scheelite increases in the order of oleic acid<rapeseed oil<rice bran oil<soybean oil,especially in the pH range of 5-8.The distinction in the scheelite recovery is due to the different compositions of these collectors.The addition of LA,LNA and PA(<5%)can increase the recovery of scheelite with OA,but the addition of SA deteriorates the scheelite flotation.Results of zeta potential,contact angle measurement and FTIR analysis indicate that the collector adsorption on scheelite surface is enhanced when using the three vegetable oils.For the raw ore with 0.086%WO3,a rough concentrate containing 1.423%WO3 with the recovery of 84.22%is obtained using soybean oil as the collector.展开更多
The effects of soil texture, initial water content and bulk density on diesel oil infiltration in fine sand and silty clay loam materials were evaluated. Three physical and two empirical equations express diesel oil i...The effects of soil texture, initial water content and bulk density on diesel oil infiltration in fine sand and silty clay loam materials were evaluated. Three physical and two empirical equations express diesel oil infiltration through soils with time, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.99. Diesel oil infiltrates more quickly in the fine sand than in the silty clay loam material. Diesel oil infiltration rates are found to decrease with increasing initial water content and bulk density for the silty clay loam material. The infiltration rate of diesel oil in the fine sand material increases slightly with increasing initial water content. The diesel oil saturated conductivity(Kdiesel) decreases with increasing bulk density for the silty clay loam column. Diesel oil sorptivity(S) decreases linearly with increased initial water content and bulk density of the silty clay loam material. Changes in empirical parameters relative to initial water content and bulk density are similar to the parameter S.展开更多
Objective:Oleic acid,a subtype of monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA),is present in abundance in certain edible oils,particularly olive oils.Epidemiological evidence concerning dietary oleic acid intake and the long-term...Objective:Oleic acid,a subtype of monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA),is present in abundance in certain edible oils,particularly olive oils.Epidemiological evidence concerning dietary oleic acid intake and the long-term risk of mortality is lacking.This study aimed to evaluate the associations of the dietary intake of oleic acid and other specific subtypes of MUFAs,olive oil,and other vegetable oils with cardiovascular disease(CVD)and all-cause mortality.Methods:This prospective cohort study included adults aged 40 years or older who participated in the included U.S.adults National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).Dietary MUFA intake was assessed via 24-h dietary recall interviews in NHANES 1999–2018,and the consumption of olive oil and other vegetable oils was assessed via a food frequency questionnaire in NHANES 2003–2006.Deaths and underlying causes of death were ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index through December 31,2019.Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)and 95%CIs.Results:Dietary intake of total MUFAs and oleic acid was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality,with HRs(95%CI)of 0.62(0.39–0.99)and 0.61(0.39–0.97),respectively.Total MUFA and oleic acid intake were inversely associated with all-cause mortality;the multivariable-adjusted HRs were 0.77(95%CI:0.60–0.99)and 0.78(95%CI:0.62–0.99),respectively.There was no significant association between palmitoleic acid intake and all-cause mortality.The habitual consumption of olive oil,but not the consumption of other vegetable oils,was inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality.In the joint association analysis,the HRs(95%CI)of cardiovascular mortality were 0.36(0.19–0.69)for people who exclusively consumed olive oil,0.59(0.27–1.32)for people who consumed both olive oil and other vegetable oils,and 0.73(0.46–1.14)for people who exclusively consumed other vegetable oils compared with people who never consumed vegetable oils.Conclusions:In a U.S.nationally representative prospective cohort,higher dietary oleic acid intake and olive oil consumption were associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality.展开更多
Conventional plasticizers deteriorate mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the propellants due to their migration upon aging and long-term storage,which affects reliability and safety properties during exploitati...Conventional plasticizers deteriorate mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the propellants due to their migration upon aging and long-term storage,which affects reliability and safety properties during exploitation.To address this issue,conventional plasticizer,dioctyl adipate(DOA),is replaced by reactive one,castor oil(CO).In addition,three different types of HTPB were used to obtain propellants with designed viscoelastic and mechanical properties.The CO increased propellants viscosity,without a significant impact on the propellant processability,regardless to the type of prepolymer.Conversely,mechanical properties were different depending on the type of resin,which were further analyzed by gel permeation chromatography(GPC).Addition of CO formed a denser polymer network and shifted T_(g) to higher values,compared to the compositions with DOA.The tensile strength of CO-containing propellants was lower at +20℃ and +50℃ compared to the reference compositions,while the strain at maximum load and strain at break were significantly increased with pronounced plastic deformation,especially for samples at -30℃.The inclusion of CO in the propellants composition gives more room for adjusting a wide range of mechanical properties.展开更多
Perilla essential oil(PEO)is reported as an aromatic yellowish oily substance with a volatile odor extracted from perilla leaves.It exhibits various biological activities except anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)activity....Perilla essential oil(PEO)is reported as an aromatic yellowish oily substance with a volatile odor extracted from perilla leaves.It exhibits various biological activities except anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)activity.In this study,we investigated the main components and anti-TMV activity of PEO,identified its primary active components,and examined its mode of action.The results indicated that PEO exhibited anti-TMV activity(65.58%)at 800μg/mL,with perillaldehyde identified as the main active component.The protective,curative,and inactivation activities of perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL were 80.41%,73.42%,and 34.93%,respectively.These values were significantly higher than those of the control drug(commercial chitosan oligosaccharide)and the protective and curative activities were superior to those of ningnanmycin.The results of the mode of action showed that perillaldehyde induced a hypersensitive response(HR)in tobacco.Transmission electron microscope(TEM)observation revealed that perillaldehyde had no direct effect on TMV particles.The treatment of Nicotiana glutinosa with perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL indicated that perillaldehyde had significant induction activity(58.46%).The expression of three pathogenesis-related tobacco genes(PR genes),including nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1(NPR1),pathogenesis-related protein 1 gene(PR1),and pathogenesis-related protein 5 gene(PR5),were induced and upregulated by perillaldehyde treatment.Perillaldehyde also induced the overexpression of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene(PAL),respiratory burst oxidase homolog B gene(RBOHB),and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase gene 1(POR1).Furthermore,perillaldehyde increased the salicylic acid(SA)and H2O2 contents in tobacco leaves,and enhanced the activities of four defense enzymes:superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL).N.glutinosa was treated with perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL for 24 h,and the results showed that the highest SA and H_(2)O_(2) contents(1032.08 pmol/L and 23.40μmol/g FW,respectively)were obtained in tobacco leaves.Defense enzyme activities also reached a maximum at 800μg/mL,and the activities of CAT,PAL,POD,and SOD increased by 1.76,1.95,2.17,and 3.78 times,respectively,compared to the control.The results of the study showed that perillaldehyde may enhance resistance to pathogen infection by inducing systemic acquired resistance(SAR),which may contribute to the activation of SA signal transduction pathway.Therefore,perillaldehyde has the potential for application in agriculture as a novel antiviral agent and immune inducer.展开更多
This review paper explores the potential of oil palm biomass as a valuable cellulose source for the production of nitrocellulose-based propellants,contributing to the green revolution and sustainable energy solutions....This review paper explores the potential of oil palm biomass as a valuable cellulose source for the production of nitrocellulose-based propellants,contributing to the green revolution and sustainable energy solutions.It highlights the availability of the corresponding biomass in Malaysia and in line with global studies,the chemical compositions,as well as a brief description of current technologies for converting biomass of oil palm into value added products specifically cellulose.Steps to achieve maximum utilization of biomass from oil palm industry for cellulose production and prospective source for nitrocellulose-based propellant are also proposed.The methodology section outlines the pretreatment of lignocellulosic fibres,cellulose extraction,and nitrocellulose production processes.Overall,the review underscores the prospective of palm oil biomass as a sustainable cellulose source for propellant manufacturing,while acknowledging the need for further research and advancements in the field.展开更多
Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield stabilit...Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield stability.In the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,moringa leaf extract(MLE)and mepiquat chloride(MC)alone and in combination MC and MLE on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIM 573)and transgenic one(CIM 598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom,45 and 90 days after blooming.Results The application of MC and MLE at 90 days after blooming significantly improved the relative growth rate,net assimilation rate,the number of bolls per plant,and seed cotton yield.Likewise,the combined application of MLE and MC at 90 days after blooming significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium uptake in the leaves of both cotton cultivars.The application of MLE alone has considerably improved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton cultivars.Similarly,Bt cotton treated with MLE at 90 days after blooming produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil contents.Treatment in combination(MLE+MC)at 90 days after blooming produced considerably higher micronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional cultivar.Conclusion The natural growth enhancer,MLE is a rich source of minerals and zeatin,improving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.展开更多
Pretreatment techniques were compared.A GC-MS method has been developed for the determination of the residues of seven indicator polychlorinated biphenyls in plant oil.Samples were dissolved with 2 mL n-hexane,and pur...Pretreatment techniques were compared.A GC-MS method has been developed for the determination of the residues of seven indicator polychlorinated biphenyls in plant oil.Samples were dissolved with 2 mL n-hexane,and purified by acidification silica-gel column,mixed-metal silica-gel column,and alumina base,respectively.The eluent was concentrated and 1 mL n-hexane was added.And the analytes were determined by GC-MS using PCB 198 as an internal standard.The spiked recoveries were 89%-115%.The relative standard deviations were range of 4.87%-10.3%.The limits of detection were 0.2-1.0 μg/kg.展开更多
During the past ten years we did and are doing 10 generations in suburbs of Beijing from 1991-2001. In the same time we are doing 10 generation of soybean breeding near Sanya on Hainan Island during the October to May...During the past ten years we did and are doing 10 generations in suburbs of Beijing from 1991-2001. In the same time we are doing 10 generation of soybean breeding near Sanya on Hainan Island during the October to May. We made cross 398 combinations and a lot of propagation of soybean elite. We select a best local popularized variey for cross with soybean variety with 1-2 best character for breeding, for example high yielding, high oil or high protein content, high resistance to nematode and others We made alternate breeding in North and on South. In the same time we test breeding materials in two conditions: soil with high fertility and low fertility. Finally, we released two soybean cultivars: Zhonghuang 12 and Zhonghuang 13,and two cultivars will released this year. We test more than 10 soybean lines in 15 provinces. We got a good line with high oil content and high protein content. And we developed several soybean lines resistant to soybean cyst nematode.展开更多
TiO2 particles coated with polystyrene which were prepared via in situ polymerization and oil green dye were dispersed in tetrachloroethylene and xylene, the mixture came to be electrophoretic ink and was encapsulated...TiO2 particles coated with polystyrene which were prepared via in situ polymerization and oil green dye were dispersed in tetrachloroethylene and xylene, the mixture came to be electrophoretic ink and was encapsulated in to microcapsules by complex coacervation from gelatin and a hydrolyzed copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride（SMA）. It was demonstrated that the membranes of the microcapsules were formed from nano sized coacervate droplets resulting from gelation and hydrolyzed SMA, which leads to a compact membrane structure. Microcapsules were characterized in terms of microstructure, morphologies by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Electrophoretic display prototype was prepared by coating electrophoretic ink microcapsules slurry on ITO glass with nearly single layer and sealed by UV curable adhesives. The characters “Zheda” in Chinese was firstly displayed at a low volt 9 V D.C..展开更多
In this paper,essential oils from seven different species of Clematis plant were extracted by water steam distillation.Their chromatography fingerprints were obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Co...In this paper,essential oils from seven different species of Clematis plant were extracted by water steam distillation.Their chromatography fingerprints were obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Compounds were mainly identified through mass spectrometry comparing with the NIST02 database.The overlapped peaks were resolved by chemometric resolution methods,obtaining pure chromatography and pure mass spectrometry.The resolved pure mass spectrometry then compared with NIST02 database.The relative quantitative results were obtained by peak area normalization.62 compounds accounting for 87.96% to 97.19% of the total essential oils were identified.It showed that Eugenol,n-hexadecanoic acid and Z,Z-9,12-octadecadienoic acid were their common main compounds although the contents vary with different samples.The chemical compositions in essential oils from different species or different parts of Clematis are also very different.This research provides us chemical bases for further exploitation of Clematis.展开更多
The volatile oil was extracted from Curcuma longa and Turmeric oleoresin by Soxhelt method with petroleum ether.All the volatile oil was analyzed of chemical component by the method of GC-MS,the relative contents of t...The volatile oil was extracted from Curcuma longa and Turmeric oleoresin by Soxhelt method with petroleum ether.All the volatile oil was analyzed of chemical component by the method of GC-MS,the relative contents of these compounds were calculated using square peaks to normalization.On the volatile oil of Curcuma longa 35 peaks were separated and 21 compounds were identified,which accounted for 89.10%,the main chemical constituents was (-)-Zingiberene(22.12%),β-Sesquiphellandrene(15.24%),α-Turmerone (11.30%),β-Turmerone (8.87%),Ar-turmerone(8.20%),but on the volatile oil of Turmeric oleoresin 32 peaks were separated,of which 21 compounds were identified,which accounted for 90.12% the main chemical constituents was (-)-Zingiberene(23.92%),β-Sesquiphellandrene(15.73%),Ar-turmerone(12.89%),β-Turmerone(10.85%).展开更多
文摘As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the relationship between heavy oil composition and potassium storage performance remains unclear.Using heavy oils containing distinct chemical groups as the carbon source,namely fluid catalytic cracking slurry(FCCS),petroleum asphalt(PA)and deoiled asphalt(DOA),three carbon nanosheets(CNS)were prepared through a molten salt method,and used as the anodes for PIBs.The composition of the heavy oil determines the lamellar thicknesses,sp^(3)-C/sp^(2)-C ratio and defect concentration,thereby affecting the potassium storage performance.The high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and moderate amount of heavy component moieties in FCCS produce carbon nanosheets(CNS-FCCS)that have a smaller layer thickness,larger interlayer spacing(0.372 nm),and increased number of folds than in CNS derived from the other three precursors.These features give it faster charge/ion transfer,more potassium storage sites and better reaction kinetics.CNS-FCCS has a remarkable K^(+)storage capacity(248.7 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^(-1)),long cycle lifespan(190.8 mAh g^(-1) after 800 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1))and excellent rate capability,ranking it among the best materials for this application.This work sheds light on the influence of heavy oil composition on carbon structure and electrochemical performance,and provides guidance for the design and development of advanced heavy oil-derived carbon electrodes for PIBs.
文摘In order to promote agricultural production and trade cooperation among BRICS countries,and ensure the security and stability of the oils and oilseeds industrial and supply chains in China and the world,the production,consumption,trade trend,and cooperation potential of oils and oilseeds in BRICS countries were expounded,and relevant policy recommendations were put forward.Most of the BRICS countries are major agricultural producers,and they are also important agricultural product consumption markets in the world.In 2023/2024,the production and consumption of oilseeds in BRICS countries account for nearly half of the world's total;the production of vegetable oils exceeds a quarter of the world's total,and the consumption of vegetable oils accounts for 40%of the world's total.In 2023/2024,the import and export volume of oilseeds exceeds half of the world's total;vegetable oil imports account for 40%of the world's total,and exports account for about one tenth of the world's total.China's imports of oilseeds and oils from BRICS countries account for 68%and 29%of its global imports in 2023,respectively.BRICS countries are rich in agricultural land resources,have great potential for oils and oilseeds production,obvious complementary advantages in trade structure,and huge space for future cooperation.It is suggested that Brazil should be included in the"Belt and Road"co-construction category to promote the continuous deepening of agricultural cooperation between China and Brazil.It is suggested to explore regional agricultural trade agreements among BRICS countries,promote currency settlement and exchange among BRICS countries,and enhance the facilitation and stability of BRICS trade.It is suggested that China should increase its investment in BRICS countries and export advanced technology and management experience to benefit local agricultural development and achieve a mutually beneficial and win-win situation.
基金Project(10A110) supported by Hunan Provincial Education Department of ChinaProject(2010JT4055) supported by Hunan Provincial Science & Technology Department of China
文摘Abstract： Daqu distiller＇s grains were co-fermented as raw materials by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum to produce microbial oils, which can provide raw materials for bio-diesel development. The single factor tests were used to investigate the effects of ratio of strains, inoculum size, culture temperature and culture time on the production of microbial oils. The best processing conditions were obtained by orthogonal test through measuring the content of microbial oils in product. The result shows that the microbial oils content of the co-fermented product under the ratio of Trichoderma.koningii to Trichosporon cutaneum of 1：1, the inoculum size of strains of 11% at 28 ℃ for 6 d is 7.15 g/L. It is shown that the production of microbial oils co-fermented by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum with Daqu distiller＇s grains is possible. The research provides a new idea for the reuse of Daqu distiller＇s grains and also provides a new way for the development of microbial oils.
基金Project(2016RS2016) supported by Provincial Science and Technology Leader Program,Hunan,ChinaProject(2017zzts807) supported by Postgraduate Innovative Research Projects of Central South University,China
文摘The composition of a collector directly affects its collecting performance in mineral flotation.In this study,three vegetable oils were used as the collectors,the flotation performance of scheelite and the differential analysis were studied through flotation experiments,zeta potential,contact angle measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FTIR)analysis.Flotation results show that the recovery of scheelite increases in the order of oleic acid<rapeseed oil<rice bran oil<soybean oil,especially in the pH range of 5-8.The distinction in the scheelite recovery is due to the different compositions of these collectors.The addition of LA,LNA and PA(<5%)can increase the recovery of scheelite with OA,but the addition of SA deteriorates the scheelite flotation.Results of zeta potential,contact angle measurement and FTIR analysis indicate that the collector adsorption on scheelite surface is enhanced when using the three vegetable oils.For the raw ore with 0.086%WO3,a rough concentrate containing 1.423%WO3 with the recovery of 84.22%is obtained using soybean oil as the collector.
基金Projects(40272108,41402208)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(ZR2012DL05,ZR2015EL044)supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China+1 种基金Project(4072-114017)supported by Young Teachers’ Development of Shandong University of Technology,ChinaProject(J12LC51)supported by Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program,China
文摘The effects of soil texture, initial water content and bulk density on diesel oil infiltration in fine sand and silty clay loam materials were evaluated. Three physical and two empirical equations express diesel oil infiltration through soils with time, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.99. Diesel oil infiltrates more quickly in the fine sand than in the silty clay loam material. Diesel oil infiltration rates are found to decrease with increasing initial water content and bulk density for the silty clay loam material. The infiltration rate of diesel oil in the fine sand material increases slightly with increasing initial water content. The diesel oil saturated conductivity(Kdiesel) decreases with increasing bulk density for the silty clay loam column. Diesel oil sorptivity(S) decreases linearly with increased initial water content and bulk density of the silty clay loam material. Changes in empirical parameters relative to initial water content and bulk density are similar to the parameter S.
基金supported by the Joint Fund for New Medicine of the University of Science and Technology of China(YD9100002029).
文摘Objective:Oleic acid,a subtype of monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA),is present in abundance in certain edible oils,particularly olive oils.Epidemiological evidence concerning dietary oleic acid intake and the long-term risk of mortality is lacking.This study aimed to evaluate the associations of the dietary intake of oleic acid and other specific subtypes of MUFAs,olive oil,and other vegetable oils with cardiovascular disease(CVD)and all-cause mortality.Methods:This prospective cohort study included adults aged 40 years or older who participated in the included U.S.adults National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).Dietary MUFA intake was assessed via 24-h dietary recall interviews in NHANES 1999–2018,and the consumption of olive oil and other vegetable oils was assessed via a food frequency questionnaire in NHANES 2003–2006.Deaths and underlying causes of death were ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index through December 31,2019.Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)and 95%CIs.Results:Dietary intake of total MUFAs and oleic acid was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality,with HRs(95%CI)of 0.62(0.39–0.99)and 0.61(0.39–0.97),respectively.Total MUFA and oleic acid intake were inversely associated with all-cause mortality;the multivariable-adjusted HRs were 0.77(95%CI:0.60–0.99)and 0.78(95%CI:0.62–0.99),respectively.There was no significant association between palmitoleic acid intake and all-cause mortality.The habitual consumption of olive oil,but not the consumption of other vegetable oils,was inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality.In the joint association analysis,the HRs(95%CI)of cardiovascular mortality were 0.36(0.19–0.69)for people who exclusively consumed olive oil,0.59(0.27–1.32)for people who consumed both olive oil and other vegetable oils,and 0.73(0.46–1.14)for people who exclusively consumed other vegetable oils compared with people who never consumed vegetable oils.Conclusions:In a U.S.nationally representative prospective cohort,higher dietary oleic acid intake and olive oil consumption were associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality.
基金the support of this research from the Serbian Ministry of Education,Science and Technological Development(Grant No.451-03-68/2023-14/200325)Ministry of Defense(Grant No.VA-TT/1/22-24)。
文摘Conventional plasticizers deteriorate mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the propellants due to their migration upon aging and long-term storage,which affects reliability and safety properties during exploitation.To address this issue,conventional plasticizer,dioctyl adipate(DOA),is replaced by reactive one,castor oil(CO).In addition,three different types of HTPB were used to obtain propellants with designed viscoelastic and mechanical properties.The CO increased propellants viscosity,without a significant impact on the propellant processability,regardless to the type of prepolymer.Conversely,mechanical properties were different depending on the type of resin,which were further analyzed by gel permeation chromatography(GPC).Addition of CO formed a denser polymer network and shifted T_(g) to higher values,compared to the compositions with DOA.The tensile strength of CO-containing propellants was lower at +20℃ and +50℃ compared to the reference compositions,while the strain at maximum load and strain at break were significantly increased with pronounced plastic deformation,especially for samples at -30℃.The inclusion of CO in the propellants composition gives more room for adjusting a wide range of mechanical properties.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32072444)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32060429)the key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(No.2022D01D44).
文摘Perilla essential oil(PEO)is reported as an aromatic yellowish oily substance with a volatile odor extracted from perilla leaves.It exhibits various biological activities except anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)activity.In this study,we investigated the main components and anti-TMV activity of PEO,identified its primary active components,and examined its mode of action.The results indicated that PEO exhibited anti-TMV activity(65.58%)at 800μg/mL,with perillaldehyde identified as the main active component.The protective,curative,and inactivation activities of perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL were 80.41%,73.42%,and 34.93%,respectively.These values were significantly higher than those of the control drug(commercial chitosan oligosaccharide)and the protective and curative activities were superior to those of ningnanmycin.The results of the mode of action showed that perillaldehyde induced a hypersensitive response(HR)in tobacco.Transmission electron microscope(TEM)observation revealed that perillaldehyde had no direct effect on TMV particles.The treatment of Nicotiana glutinosa with perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL indicated that perillaldehyde had significant induction activity(58.46%).The expression of three pathogenesis-related tobacco genes(PR genes),including nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1(NPR1),pathogenesis-related protein 1 gene(PR1),and pathogenesis-related protein 5 gene(PR5),were induced and upregulated by perillaldehyde treatment.Perillaldehyde also induced the overexpression of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene(PAL),respiratory burst oxidase homolog B gene(RBOHB),and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase gene 1(POR1).Furthermore,perillaldehyde increased the salicylic acid(SA)and H2O2 contents in tobacco leaves,and enhanced the activities of four defense enzymes:superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL).N.glutinosa was treated with perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL for 24 h,and the results showed that the highest SA and H_(2)O_(2) contents(1032.08 pmol/L and 23.40μmol/g FW,respectively)were obtained in tobacco leaves.Defense enzyme activities also reached a maximum at 800μg/mL,and the activities of CAT,PAL,POD,and SOD increased by 1.76,1.95,2.17,and 3.78 times,respectively,compared to the control.The results of the study showed that perillaldehyde may enhance resistance to pathogen infection by inducing systemic acquired resistance(SAR),which may contribute to the activation of SA signal transduction pathway.Therefore,perillaldehyde has the potential for application in agriculture as a novel antiviral agent and immune inducer.
基金Financial support from Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia,Malaysia for Tabung Amanah PPPI (Defence Research Institute,UPNM)grant-A0014 (UPNM/2023/GPPP/SG/2)funded by Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM),situated in Malaysia+1 种基金This financial backing was made possible through the"Tabung Amanah PPPI"grant,which is affiliated with UPNM’s Defence Research Institutethe grant is identifiable by its unique reference number,"A0014 (UPNM/2023/GPPP/SG/2)"。
文摘This review paper explores the potential of oil palm biomass as a valuable cellulose source for the production of nitrocellulose-based propellants,contributing to the green revolution and sustainable energy solutions.It highlights the availability of the corresponding biomass in Malaysia and in line with global studies,the chemical compositions,as well as a brief description of current technologies for converting biomass of oil palm into value added products specifically cellulose.Steps to achieve maximum utilization of biomass from oil palm industry for cellulose production and prospective source for nitrocellulose-based propellant are also proposed.The methodology section outlines the pretreatment of lignocellulosic fibres,cellulose extraction,and nitrocellulose production processes.Overall,the review underscores the prospective of palm oil biomass as a sustainable cellulose source for propellant manufacturing,while acknowledging the need for further research and advancements in the field.
文摘Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield stability.In the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,moringa leaf extract(MLE)and mepiquat chloride(MC)alone and in combination MC and MLE on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIM 573)and transgenic one(CIM 598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom,45 and 90 days after blooming.Results The application of MC and MLE at 90 days after blooming significantly improved the relative growth rate,net assimilation rate,the number of bolls per plant,and seed cotton yield.Likewise,the combined application of MLE and MC at 90 days after blooming significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium uptake in the leaves of both cotton cultivars.The application of MLE alone has considerably improved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton cultivars.Similarly,Bt cotton treated with MLE at 90 days after blooming produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil contents.Treatment in combination(MLE+MC)at 90 days after blooming produced considerably higher micronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional cultivar.Conclusion The natural growth enhancer,MLE is a rich source of minerals and zeatin,improving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.
文摘Pretreatment techniques were compared.A GC-MS method has been developed for the determination of the residues of seven indicator polychlorinated biphenyls in plant oil.Samples were dissolved with 2 mL n-hexane,and purified by acidification silica-gel column,mixed-metal silica-gel column,and alumina base,respectively.The eluent was concentrated and 1 mL n-hexane was added.And the analytes were determined by GC-MS using PCB 198 as an internal standard.The spiked recoveries were 89%-115%.The relative standard deviations were range of 4.87%-10.3%.The limits of detection were 0.2-1.0 μg/kg.
文摘During the past ten years we did and are doing 10 generations in suburbs of Beijing from 1991-2001. In the same time we are doing 10 generation of soybean breeding near Sanya on Hainan Island during the October to May. We made cross 398 combinations and a lot of propagation of soybean elite. We select a best local popularized variey for cross with soybean variety with 1-2 best character for breeding, for example high yielding, high oil or high protein content, high resistance to nematode and others We made alternate breeding in North and on South. In the same time we test breeding materials in two conditions: soil with high fertility and low fertility. Finally, we released two soybean cultivars: Zhonghuang 12 and Zhonghuang 13,and two cultivars will released this year. We test more than 10 soybean lines in 15 provinces. We got a good line with high oil content and high protein content. And we developed several soybean lines resistant to soybean cyst nematode.
文摘TiO2 particles coated with polystyrene which were prepared via in situ polymerization and oil green dye were dispersed in tetrachloroethylene and xylene, the mixture came to be electrophoretic ink and was encapsulated in to microcapsules by complex coacervation from gelatin and a hydrolyzed copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride（SMA）. It was demonstrated that the membranes of the microcapsules were formed from nano sized coacervate droplets resulting from gelation and hydrolyzed SMA, which leads to a compact membrane structure. Microcapsules were characterized in terms of microstructure, morphologies by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Electrophoretic display prototype was prepared by coating electrophoretic ink microcapsules slurry on ITO glass with nearly single layer and sealed by UV curable adhesives. The characters “Zheda” in Chinese was firstly displayed at a low volt 9 V D.C..
文摘In this paper,essential oils from seven different species of Clematis plant were extracted by water steam distillation.Their chromatography fingerprints were obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Compounds were mainly identified through mass spectrometry comparing with the NIST02 database.The overlapped peaks were resolved by chemometric resolution methods,obtaining pure chromatography and pure mass spectrometry.The resolved pure mass spectrometry then compared with NIST02 database.The relative quantitative results were obtained by peak area normalization.62 compounds accounting for 87.96% to 97.19% of the total essential oils were identified.It showed that Eugenol,n-hexadecanoic acid and Z,Z-9,12-octadecadienoic acid were their common main compounds although the contents vary with different samples.The chemical compositions in essential oils from different species or different parts of Clematis are also very different.This research provides us chemical bases for further exploitation of Clematis.
文摘The volatile oil was extracted from Curcuma longa and Turmeric oleoresin by Soxhelt method with petroleum ether.All the volatile oil was analyzed of chemical component by the method of GC-MS,the relative contents of these compounds were calculated using square peaks to normalization.On the volatile oil of Curcuma longa 35 peaks were separated and 21 compounds were identified,which accounted for 89.10%,the main chemical constituents was (-)-Zingiberene(22.12%),β-Sesquiphellandrene(15.24%),α-Turmerone (11.30%),β-Turmerone (8.87%),Ar-turmerone(8.20%),but on the volatile oil of Turmeric oleoresin 32 peaks were separated,of which 21 compounds were identified,which accounted for 90.12% the main chemical constituents was (-)-Zingiberene(23.92%),β-Sesquiphellandrene(15.73%),Ar-turmerone(12.89%),β-Turmerone(10.85%).
