Objective:Albumin-globulin ratio(AGR),prognostic nutritional index(PNI),and platelet to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)have been validated as prognostic factors for gastric cancer(GC).However,significant gender differences exis...Objective:Albumin-globulin ratio(AGR),prognostic nutritional index(PNI),and platelet to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)have been validated as prognostic factors for gastric cancer(GC).However,significant gender differences exist in albumin levels and inflammatory cell counts,and further research is required to understand how these differences influence GC prognosis.This study aims to investigate the prognostic impact of nutritional and inflammatory indicators on GC patients undergoing radical surgery,as well as the influence of gender on these indicators’prognostic value.Methods:The study included 596 patients with advanced GC hospitalized in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,General Surgery,Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2012 to December 2016.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis was performed to determine cutoff values for nutritional and inflammatory factors.Univariate analysis was used to identify factors significantly affecting survival in GC patients,while multivariate and Kaplan-Meier analyses determined independent prognostic factors for GC.Results:Multivariate analysis revealed that postsurgical tumor node metastasis(pTNM)stage[stage II:hazard ratio(HR)=3.284,P=0.012;stage III:HR:8.062,P<0.001],low preoperative AGR(HR=1.499,P=0.012),and postoperative PNI(HR=1.503,P=0.008)were risk factors for overall survival in male patients after radical GC surgery.For female patients,pN2-3(HR=3.185,P<0.001),total gastrectomy(HR=2.286,P=0.004),low preoperative PLR(HR=1.702,P=0.027),and postoperative PNI(HR=1.943,P=0.011)were identified as risk factors for overall survival.Conclusion:Postoperative PNI is an independent risk factor for all advanced GC patients.Preoperative PLR is an independent prognostic factor only for female patients,while preoperative AGR is an independent prognostic factor only for male patients.Further research is warranted to investigate the gender-specific differences in GC prognosis.展开更多
The sudangrass(Sorghumsudanense) and ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum L.) rotation is a newtype of cropping system,which has developed rapidly in recent years in the south of China.The contents ofnutritional elements for f...The sudangrass(Sorghumsudanense) and ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum L.) rotation is a newtype of cropping system,which has developed rapidly in recent years in the south of China.The contents ofnutritional elements for forage grass in the sudangrass and ryegrass rotation system were determined by ICP-AES.The results showed that there were abundant and essential nutritional elements for ani mals in sudangrassand ryegrass.The contents of P,K,Ca,Mg,S,Fe,B,Cu,Zn and Mn for sudangrass were 0.20 %～0.29 %,1.94 %～2.57 %,0.62 %～0.97 %,0.39 %～0.69 %,0.12 %～0.18 %,108.35 ～180.12,3.04 ～5.96,6.17 ～10.02,20.37 ～31.36 and 46.80 ～101.29 mg.kg-1,respectively.The contents of P,K,Ca,Mg,S,Fe,B,Cu,Zn,Mn for ryegrass were 0.39 %～0.70 %,3.77 %～5.07 %,0.61 %～0.84 %,0.28 %～0.47 %,0.32 %～0.41 %,291.65 ～632.20,2.13 ～3.23,13.29 ～15.19,30.73 ～42.98 and 92.08 ～156.04 mg.kg-1,respectively,and there were differences between various periods in nutritional elements inthe two forage grasses.The application of ICP-AES could reflect fast and efficiently the content of nutritionalelements for forage grass as ani mals feed.展开更多
In recent years research interest of Chinese nutritionists has been switched to dietary application of β-agomists, feeding enzymes, antibiotics, probiotics, organic arsenic acids, high closes of copper and zinc, Chin...In recent years research interest of Chinese nutritionists has been switched to dietary application of β-agomists, feeding enzymes, antibiotics, probiotics, organic arsenic acids, high closes of copper and zinc, Chinese herbs and microelement Ccelates in monogastric Aninak. The Publications in this area were briefly reviewed for tle provsion of refferences to those who are working in this field.展开更多
Nutritional accumulation mainly occurres from growth stage 2 to stage 3(lotus-setting stage to early heading stage, 48 - 72 days after transplanting)in Chinese cabbage. The uptake ratio of N and K is nearly l:l,and th...Nutritional accumulation mainly occurres from growth stage 2 to stage 3(lotus-setting stage to early heading stage, 48 - 72 days after transplanting)in Chinese cabbage. The uptake ratio of N and K is nearly l:l,and their uptake amounts are obviously higher than that of P. Balanced fertilization .especially the suitable combination of N and K,is important for the production of high yield and high quality.展开更多
A new chemical index-imbalance degree (IBD), was proposed on the basis of cluster analysis in multivariate statistical analysis to estimate the extent of amino acid balance in protein. The range of IBD is between 0 an...A new chemical index-imbalance degree (IBD), was proposed on the basis of cluster analysis in multivariate statistical analysis to estimate the extent of amino acid balance in protein. The range of IBD is between 0 and 1, successively corresponding to complete balance and entire imbalance for the amino acid profile of a sample. The amino acid increment model of IBD belongs to an asymmetrical maximum-type, and there is a high correlation between IBD and coefficient of variation (CV). The nutritional value of individual feed can be ranked and clustered according to its IBD; and by calculating the IBD of amixed sample with two or more feedstuffs, it is Possible theoretically to predict whether a synergetic. pheno men on exists and when an optimal mutual complement can happen. If the conceptive frame of IBD extended, it can be used to study the balance of nutrients besides amino acids, and is helpful to realize the automatic distinction and selection in diet formulating.展开更多
On the basis of regressional relationship between nutritional indexes and technological conditions,when confronted with feed quality that contains multiple nutritional indexes,a comprehensive equation of evaluating fe...On the basis of regressional relationship between nutritional indexes and technological conditions,when confronted with feed quality that contains multiple nutritional indexes,a comprehensive equation of evaluating feed quality was developed by using fuzzy mathematical method at first in this study,and then the optimum technological conditions were established by introduction of statistical frequency analysis method pursuant to the comprehensive evaluating equation mentioned above compared with conventional multi-aim nonlinear programming,this method can lead to easy solutions,and also can make adjustment of the importance of nutritional indexes to feed quality according to practical considerations.An example was given of soybean extruding to show how the method worked.展开更多
Nutritional oil for infant formula food was microencapsulated by the spray drying method with coating materials including maltodextrin （MD）, soy protein isolate （SPI）, and emulsifier （soy lecithin）. Vegetable oi...Nutritional oil for infant formula food was microencapsulated by the spray drying method with coating materials including maltodextrin （MD）, soy protein isolate （SPI）, and emulsifier （soy lecithin）. Vegetable oil blend was prepared by mixing coconut oil, safflower oil and soybean oil at a ratio to achieve a fatty acid profile comparable to human milk fat （HMF）. The fatty acid composition of the product was determined by capillary gas chromatograph. As a result, the composition was as close as possible to that of HMF, it could be used for infant fomular food to make up some deficiencies of milk powder in nutrition and functional properties. Furthermore, the glass transition temperature （Tg） of the wall material was determined by DSC and its Tg was 66.42℃. It provided a theoretical basis for the storage of the product at the normal temperature.展开更多
Fatty liver in dairy cows, which is associated with decreased metabolic function of the liver, develops during times of elevated non-esterified fatty acid （NEFA） concentrations in the blood when the hepatic uptake o...Fatty liver in dairy cows, which is associated with decreased metabolic function of the liver, develops during times of elevated non-esterified fatty acid （NEFA） concentrations in the blood when the hepatic uptake of lipids exceeds the oxidation and secretion of lipids by the liver and then it will cause hepatic accumulation of triglyceride （TG）. The condition is often related to decreased health status, well-being, productivity, and reproductive performance of cows. Prevention of fatty liver in the transition period is always better than any treatments. The nutritional preventative strategies mainly focus either on decreasing the supply of NEFA to liver, and it aims to improve liver function or optimize the capacity then to dispose of NEFA by exporting them as triglycerides in lipoproteins （VLDL）. Good dry cow nutritional programs, combined with excellent feeding management to achieve high levels of dry matter intake throughout the transition period should be the first priority for management. Several different compounds can promote these metabolic actions. The addition of glucose precursors such as glycerol, propyelene glycol, or propionate salts to the feed in the transition diet can modify metabolism in a manner to decrease fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue and reduce the likelihood of liver TG accumulation. Supplying some other specific nutrients to dairy cows during the transition period may increase rates of NEFA disposal, with resulting effects on performance, though the hepatic capacities for export as triglycerides within VLDL are relatively limited in ruminants. Further studies examining nutritional and management strategies are required to develop new preventive or treatment options that are more practical to reduce the occurrence of fatty liver and its adverse metabolic effects.展开更多
Forage soybean is an important source of high protein forage.Variety screening and breeding not only can solve the adjustment of agricultural planting structure,but also can provide a large amount of high-protein fora...Forage soybean is an important source of high protein forage.Variety screening and breeding not only can solve the adjustment of agricultural planting structure,but also can provide a large amount of high-protein forage material,and effectively solve the problem of a serious shortage of high-protein forage in herbivorous animal husbandry in China.In this study,the feeding-type soybean strain HN389 was selected as experimental material,with three planting densities of 270000,405000 and 540000 plants•hm^(-2) and three cutting periods of the initial pod stage(R1),the initial grain stage(R2)and the early mature stage(R3)were set to determine the yield and feeding quality,in order to obtain the best planting density and harvest time of the variety.The results showed that in forage soybean strain HN389 at the R1 and R2 stages,plant height increased with increasing planting densities,while fresh and dry weight per plant decreased with increasing planting densities,and there was no significant difference at the R3 stage.The yield of hay at the R1,R2 and R3 stages increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of planting densities,and the yield per hectare was R3>R2>R1.The order of contents of crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fibers(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)in feeding quality of HN389 were R2>R1>R3,and ether extract(EE)content order was R3>R1>R2,and there was no significant difference among different groups.Two principal components were extracted from five forage indexes including CP,NDF,ADF,EE and fresh grass yield by principal component analysis.The cumulative contribution rate of principal components 1 and 2 was 90.053%,and their characteristic values were 3.617 and 0.885,respectively.After a comprehensive evaluation,harvested at the R3 stage and the density was 405000 plants•hm^(-2),HN389 had the highest comprehensive score of 0.344,yield of 38035.53 kg•hm^(-2),CP,NDF,ADF and EE contents of 17.61%,17.61%,21.54%and 3.81%,respectively.展开更多
Arugula(Eruca sativa Mill.),as an edible medicinal vegetable of peculiar flavor,is served as uncooked dish.The influence of variable lighting intensity(LI)on the growth characteristics and nutritional quality of hydro...Arugula(Eruca sativa Mill.),as an edible medicinal vegetable of peculiar flavor,is served as uncooked dish.The influence of variable lighting intensity(LI)on the growth characteristics and nutritional quality of hydroponically grown arugula was investigated by using light-emitting diodes(LEDs)to light the hydroponically grown arugula for a reference for industrialized arugula production.The dynamic demands of arugula for LI in the seedling stage,initial growth stage and vigorous growth stage were tested under two light quality conditions including a red/blue light ratio of 7:1 and a light/dark photoperiod of 12 h/12 h.Then,the curves of variable LI-induced changes in the growth indices of arugula in different development periods were drawn.Next,the influence of variable LI on the growth characteristics and nutritional quality of arugula was investigated by measuring the dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content,vitamin C content and soluble protein content.Variable LI significantly increased the height,stem diameter,leaf width,dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content and soluble protein content of arugula plant.Plant height,stem diameter,dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content and soluble protein content were the highest in the group exposed to LI of 200,300 and 300μmol•m^(-2)•s^(-1)during the seedling stage,initial growth stage and vigorous growth stage,respectively.The greatest leaf width was achieved at LI of 100,250 and 350μmol•m^(-2)•s^(-1),respectively.High intensity LI markedly repressed the synthesis of vitamin C.展开更多
The high water content of corn grain at harvest is a challenge in Northeast China,where the growing season is short.Using a dehydrating agent before harvest can help corn seeds dehydrate quickly.The dry matter accumul...The high water content of corn grain at harvest is a challenge in Northeast China,where the growing season is short.Using a dehydrating agent before harvest can help corn seeds dehydrate quickly.The dry matter accumulation and nutrient quality of maize were systematically studied by field experiments and instrumental analysis using maize varieties of different maturities as test materials.The results showed that the accumulation of dry matter was enhanced by an increased dosage of a dehydrating agent.When the dehydrating agent dosage reached 1800 mL•hm-2,the dry matter accumulation of early-maturing varieties increased by 24.1 g,and the water content decreased by 8.08%.Different maize varieties were treated with the same dose;early-maturing varieties showed significant effects on grain dry matter accumulation,and kernel dry matter accumulation increased by 7%.The effects of different doses on grain dehydration were obvious,and the effects on different maize varieties varied.Medium-ripening maize varieties showed the most significant effect,with a 19.5%reduction in water content.The effects of dehydrating agent doses on maize yield,grain nutrient quality and seed germination rate were not significant.Therefore,a dehydrating agent promoted the accumulation of dry matter in grain and accelerated the rapid dehydration.展开更多
In order to reveal the effects of different altitudes on the nutritional quality of wild forage in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,this study used Elymus nutans as the tested plants to evaluate the changes of nutrient contents ...In order to reveal the effects of different altitudes on the nutritional quality of wild forage in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,this study used Elymus nutans as the tested plants to evaluate the changes of nutrient contents and the correlation between the nutrient contents and altitudes.Four sampling sites were set up at altitudes of 2562,2660,2775 and 2905 m with the vertical distance among each sampling point was about 100 m.The results showed that the crude protein,ash and phosphorus contents of Elymus nutans decreased significantly with an increase in altitudes.The crude protein contents decreased by 1.87%with each 100 m increase in altitudes.The variation rule of crude protein contents with altitudes in the simulated curve was"y=-0.0187x+63.244(R^(2)=0.9557)".The crude ash contents decreased by 1.77%with each 100 m increase in altitudes.The variation rule of crude ash contents with altitudes in the simulated curve was"y=-0.0177x+56.144(R^(2)=0.978)".Neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)showed an overall increasing trend with the increase of altitudes,but the most obvious increase was at 2775 m.The contents of crude fat and Ca did not change regularly with altitudes.展开更多
Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belongi...Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.展开更多
Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belongi...Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.展开更多
Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belongi...Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.展开更多
Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belongi...Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.展开更多
Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belongi...Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.展开更多
Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research fi ndings in the fi eld of animal-origin foods,involving food mat...Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research fi ndings in the fi eld of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.The research scope includes the quality and processing characteristics of food raw materials,the relationships of nutritional components and bioactive substances with human health,product fl avor and sensory characteristics,the control of harmful substances during processing or cooking,product preservation,storage and packaging;microorganisms and fermentation,illegal drug residues and food safety detection;authenticity identifi cation;cell-cultured meat,regulations and standards.展开更多
Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research fi ndings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food mate...Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research fi ndings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.The research scope includes the quality and processing characteristics of food raw materials,the relationships of nutritional components and bioactive substances with human health,product flavor and sensory characteristics,the control of harmful substances during processing or cooking,product preservation,storage and packaging;microorganisms and fermentation,illegal drug residues and food safety detection;authenticity identifi cation;cell-cultured meat,regulations and standards.展开更多
Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the fi eld of animal-origin foods,involving food mate...Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the fi eld of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.The research scope includes the quality and processing characteristics of food raw materials,the relationships of nutritional components and bioactive substances with human health,product flavor and sensory characteristics,the control of harmful substances during processing or cooking,product preservation,storage and packaging;microorganisms and fermentation,illegal drug residues and food safety detection;authenticity identifi cation;cell-cultured meat,regulations and standards.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(8197103463).
文摘Objective:Albumin-globulin ratio(AGR),prognostic nutritional index(PNI),and platelet to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)have been validated as prognostic factors for gastric cancer(GC).However,significant gender differences exist in albumin levels and inflammatory cell counts,and further research is required to understand how these differences influence GC prognosis.This study aims to investigate the prognostic impact of nutritional and inflammatory indicators on GC patients undergoing radical surgery,as well as the influence of gender on these indicators’prognostic value.Methods:The study included 596 patients with advanced GC hospitalized in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,General Surgery,Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2012 to December 2016.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis was performed to determine cutoff values for nutritional and inflammatory factors.Univariate analysis was used to identify factors significantly affecting survival in GC patients,while multivariate and Kaplan-Meier analyses determined independent prognostic factors for GC.Results:Multivariate analysis revealed that postsurgical tumor node metastasis(pTNM)stage[stage II:hazard ratio(HR)=3.284,P=0.012;stage III:HR:8.062,P<0.001],low preoperative AGR(HR=1.499,P=0.012),and postoperative PNI(HR=1.503,P=0.008)were risk factors for overall survival in male patients after radical GC surgery.For female patients,pN2-3(HR=3.185,P<0.001),total gastrectomy(HR=2.286,P=0.004),low preoperative PLR(HR=1.702,P=0.027),and postoperative PNI(HR=1.943,P=0.011)were identified as risk factors for overall survival.Conclusion:Postoperative PNI is an independent risk factor for all advanced GC patients.Preoperative PLR is an independent prognostic factor only for female patients,while preoperative AGR is an independent prognostic factor only for male patients.Further research is warranted to investigate the gender-specific differences in GC prognosis.
基金International Plant Nutrition Institute(Hubei-22)the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2008BADA4B08)National Depart ment Public Benefit Research Foundation(200803029)
文摘The sudangrass(Sorghumsudanense) and ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum L.) rotation is a newtype of cropping system,which has developed rapidly in recent years in the south of China.The contents ofnutritional elements for forage grass in the sudangrass and ryegrass rotation system were determined by ICP-AES.The results showed that there were abundant and essential nutritional elements for ani mals in sudangrassand ryegrass.The contents of P,K,Ca,Mg,S,Fe,B,Cu,Zn and Mn for sudangrass were 0.20 %～0.29 %,1.94 %～2.57 %,0.62 %～0.97 %,0.39 %～0.69 %,0.12 %～0.18 %,108.35 ～180.12,3.04 ～5.96,6.17 ～10.02,20.37 ～31.36 and 46.80 ～101.29 mg.kg-1,respectively.The contents of P,K,Ca,Mg,S,Fe,B,Cu,Zn,Mn for ryegrass were 0.39 %～0.70 %,3.77 %～5.07 %,0.61 %～0.84 %,0.28 %～0.47 %,0.32 %～0.41 %,291.65 ～632.20,2.13 ～3.23,13.29 ～15.19,30.73 ～42.98 and 92.08 ～156.04 mg.kg-1,respectively,and there were differences between various periods in nutritional elements inthe two forage grasses.The application of ICP-AES could reflect fast and efficiently the content of nutritionalelements for forage grass as ani mals feed.
文摘In recent years research interest of Chinese nutritionists has been switched to dietary application of β-agomists, feeding enzymes, antibiotics, probiotics, organic arsenic acids, high closes of copper and zinc, Chinese herbs and microelement Ccelates in monogastric Aninak. The Publications in this area were briefly reviewed for tle provsion of refferences to those who are working in this field.
文摘Nutritional accumulation mainly occurres from growth stage 2 to stage 3(lotus-setting stage to early heading stage, 48 - 72 days after transplanting)in Chinese cabbage. The uptake ratio of N and K is nearly l:l,and their uptake amounts are obviously higher than that of P. Balanced fertilization .especially the suitable combination of N and K,is important for the production of high yield and high quality.
文摘A new chemical index-imbalance degree (IBD), was proposed on the basis of cluster analysis in multivariate statistical analysis to estimate the extent of amino acid balance in protein. The range of IBD is between 0 and 1, successively corresponding to complete balance and entire imbalance for the amino acid profile of a sample. The amino acid increment model of IBD belongs to an asymmetrical maximum-type, and there is a high correlation between IBD and coefficient of variation (CV). The nutritional value of individual feed can be ranked and clustered according to its IBD; and by calculating the IBD of amixed sample with two or more feedstuffs, it is Possible theoretically to predict whether a synergetic. pheno men on exists and when an optimal mutual complement can happen. If the conceptive frame of IBD extended, it can be used to study the balance of nutrients besides amino acids, and is helpful to realize the automatic distinction and selection in diet formulating.
文摘On the basis of regressional relationship between nutritional indexes and technological conditions,when confronted with feed quality that contains multiple nutritional indexes,a comprehensive equation of evaluating feed quality was developed by using fuzzy mathematical method at first in this study,and then the optimum technological conditions were established by introduction of statistical frequency analysis method pursuant to the comprehensive evaluating equation mentioned above compared with conventional multi-aim nonlinear programming,this method can lead to easy solutions,and also can make adjustment of the importance of nutritional indexes to feed quality according to practical considerations.An example was given of soybean extruding to show how the method worked.
文摘Nutritional oil for infant formula food was microencapsulated by the spray drying method with coating materials including maltodextrin （MD）, soy protein isolate （SPI）, and emulsifier （soy lecithin）. Vegetable oil blend was prepared by mixing coconut oil, safflower oil and soybean oil at a ratio to achieve a fatty acid profile comparable to human milk fat （HMF）. The fatty acid composition of the product was determined by capillary gas chromatograph. As a result, the composition was as close as possible to that of HMF, it could be used for infant fomular food to make up some deficiencies of milk powder in nutrition and functional properties. Furthermore, the glass transition temperature （Tg） of the wall material was determined by DSC and its Tg was 66.42℃. It provided a theoretical basis for the storage of the product at the normal temperature.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Funds (30300259)
文摘Fatty liver in dairy cows, which is associated with decreased metabolic function of the liver, develops during times of elevated non-esterified fatty acid （NEFA） concentrations in the blood when the hepatic uptake of lipids exceeds the oxidation and secretion of lipids by the liver and then it will cause hepatic accumulation of triglyceride （TG）. The condition is often related to decreased health status, well-being, productivity, and reproductive performance of cows. Prevention of fatty liver in the transition period is always better than any treatments. The nutritional preventative strategies mainly focus either on decreasing the supply of NEFA to liver, and it aims to improve liver function or optimize the capacity then to dispose of NEFA by exporting them as triglycerides in lipoproteins （VLDL）. Good dry cow nutritional programs, combined with excellent feeding management to achieve high levels of dry matter intake throughout the transition period should be the first priority for management. Several different compounds can promote these metabolic actions. The addition of glucose precursors such as glycerol, propyelene glycol, or propionate salts to the feed in the transition diet can modify metabolism in a manner to decrease fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue and reduce the likelihood of liver TG accumulation. Supplying some other specific nutrients to dairy cows during the transition period may increase rates of NEFA disposal, with resulting effects on performance, though the hepatic capacities for export as triglycerides within VLDL are relatively limited in ruminants. Further studies examining nutritional and management strategies are required to develop new preventive or treatment options that are more practical to reduce the occurrence of fatty liver and its adverse metabolic effects.
基金Supported by Fund of Popularization and Demonstration of Mixed Sowing of Forage Beans and Silage Corn to Improve Green Feeding Quality of Dairy Cows(2015RQXXJ013)。
文摘Forage soybean is an important source of high protein forage.Variety screening and breeding not only can solve the adjustment of agricultural planting structure,but also can provide a large amount of high-protein forage material,and effectively solve the problem of a serious shortage of high-protein forage in herbivorous animal husbandry in China.In this study,the feeding-type soybean strain HN389 was selected as experimental material,with three planting densities of 270000,405000 and 540000 plants•hm^(-2) and three cutting periods of the initial pod stage(R1),the initial grain stage(R2)and the early mature stage(R3)were set to determine the yield and feeding quality,in order to obtain the best planting density and harvest time of the variety.The results showed that in forage soybean strain HN389 at the R1 and R2 stages,plant height increased with increasing planting densities,while fresh and dry weight per plant decreased with increasing planting densities,and there was no significant difference at the R3 stage.The yield of hay at the R1,R2 and R3 stages increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of planting densities,and the yield per hectare was R3>R2>R1.The order of contents of crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fibers(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)in feeding quality of HN389 were R2>R1>R3,and ether extract(EE)content order was R3>R1>R2,and there was no significant difference among different groups.Two principal components were extracted from five forage indexes including CP,NDF,ADF,EE and fresh grass yield by principal component analysis.The cumulative contribution rate of principal components 1 and 2 was 90.053%,and their characteristic values were 3.617 and 0.885,respectively.After a comprehensive evaluation,harvested at the R3 stage and the density was 405000 plants•hm^(-2),HN389 had the highest comprehensive score of 0.344,yield of 38035.53 kg•hm^(-2),CP,NDF,ADF and EE contents of 17.61%,17.61%,21.54%and 3.81%,respectively.
基金Supported by the National"the 13th Five-Year"Key R&D Program(2016YFD0701905)。
文摘Arugula(Eruca sativa Mill.),as an edible medicinal vegetable of peculiar flavor,is served as uncooked dish.The influence of variable lighting intensity(LI)on the growth characteristics and nutritional quality of hydroponically grown arugula was investigated by using light-emitting diodes(LEDs)to light the hydroponically grown arugula for a reference for industrialized arugula production.The dynamic demands of arugula for LI in the seedling stage,initial growth stage and vigorous growth stage were tested under two light quality conditions including a red/blue light ratio of 7:1 and a light/dark photoperiod of 12 h/12 h.Then,the curves of variable LI-induced changes in the growth indices of arugula in different development periods were drawn.Next,the influence of variable LI on the growth characteristics and nutritional quality of arugula was investigated by measuring the dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content,vitamin C content and soluble protein content.Variable LI significantly increased the height,stem diameter,leaf width,dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content and soluble protein content of arugula plant.Plant height,stem diameter,dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content and soluble protein content were the highest in the group exposed to LI of 200,300 and 300μmol•m^(-2)•s^(-1)during the seedling stage,initial growth stage and vigorous growth stage,respectively.The greatest leaf width was achieved at LI of 100,250 and 350μmol•m^(-2)•s^(-1),respectively.High intensity LI markedly repressed the synthesis of vitamin C.
基金Supported by the Research and Development Plan of Applied Technology in Heilongjiang Province(GA19B104)。
文摘The high water content of corn grain at harvest is a challenge in Northeast China,where the growing season is short.Using a dehydrating agent before harvest can help corn seeds dehydrate quickly.The dry matter accumulation and nutrient quality of maize were systematically studied by field experiments and instrumental analysis using maize varieties of different maturities as test materials.The results showed that the accumulation of dry matter was enhanced by an increased dosage of a dehydrating agent.When the dehydrating agent dosage reached 1800 mL•hm-2,the dry matter accumulation of early-maturing varieties increased by 24.1 g,and the water content decreased by 8.08%.Different maize varieties were treated with the same dose;early-maturing varieties showed significant effects on grain dry matter accumulation,and kernel dry matter accumulation increased by 7%.The effects of different doses on grain dehydration were obvious,and the effects on different maize varieties varied.Medium-ripening maize varieties showed the most significant effect,with a 19.5%reduction in water content.The effects of dehydrating agent doses on maize yield,grain nutrient quality and seed germination rate were not significant.Therefore,a dehydrating agent promoted the accumulation of dry matter in grain and accelerated the rapid dehydration.
基金Supported by the National Natural Fund(31872998)。
文摘In order to reveal the effects of different altitudes on the nutritional quality of wild forage in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,this study used Elymus nutans as the tested plants to evaluate the changes of nutrient contents and the correlation between the nutrient contents and altitudes.Four sampling sites were set up at altitudes of 2562,2660,2775 and 2905 m with the vertical distance among each sampling point was about 100 m.The results showed that the crude protein,ash and phosphorus contents of Elymus nutans decreased significantly with an increase in altitudes.The crude protein contents decreased by 1.87%with each 100 m increase in altitudes.The variation rule of crude protein contents with altitudes in the simulated curve was"y=-0.0187x+63.244(R^(2)=0.9557)".The crude ash contents decreased by 1.77%with each 100 m increase in altitudes.The variation rule of crude ash contents with altitudes in the simulated curve was"y=-0.0177x+56.144(R^(2)=0.978)".Neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)showed an overall increasing trend with the increase of altitudes,but the most obvious increase was at 2775 m.The contents of crude fat and Ca did not change regularly with altitudes.
文摘Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.
文摘Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.
文摘Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.
文摘Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.
文摘Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,Ltd.)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal belonging to the discipline of food science and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latest research results of high-tech in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the field of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligence and high technology.
文摘Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research fi ndings in the fi eld of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.The research scope includes the quality and processing characteristics of food raw materials,the relationships of nutritional components and bioactive substances with human health,product fl avor and sensory characteristics,the control of harmful substances during processing or cooking,product preservation,storage and packaging;microorganisms and fermentation,illegal drug residues and food safety detection;authenticity identifi cation;cell-cultured meat,regulations and standards.
文摘Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research fi ndings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.The research scope includes the quality and processing characteristics of food raw materials,the relationships of nutritional components and bioactive substances with human health,product flavor and sensory characteristics,the control of harmful substances during processing or cooking,product preservation,storage and packaging;microorganisms and fermentation,illegal drug residues and food safety detection;authenticity identifi cation;cell-cultured meat,regulations and standards.
文摘Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the fi eld of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.The research scope includes the quality and processing characteristics of food raw materials,the relationships of nutritional components and bioactive substances with human health,product flavor and sensory characteristics,the control of harmful substances during processing or cooking,product preservation,storage and packaging;microorganisms and fermentation,illegal drug residues and food safety detection;authenticity identifi cation;cell-cultured meat,regulations and standards.
