Nitrogen,one of the most crucial nutrients present in grapes and musts,plays a key role in yeast activities during alcoholic fermentation.Such influences are imposed on yeast growth and fermentation performances inclu...Nitrogen,one of the most crucial nutrients present in grapes and musts,plays a key role in yeast activities during alcoholic fermentation.Such influences are imposed on yeast growth and fermentation performances including the formation of secondary metabolites.Saccharomyces cerevisiae,the main yeast responsible for fermentation,has been studied extensively regarding nitrogen impacts.On the other hand,a similar study for non-Saccharomyces yeasts,whose contributions to winemaking have gradually been acknowledged,remains to be fully explored,with a few studies being reported.This review starts by discussing nitrogen impacts on non-Saccharomyces yeast growth and fermentation kinetics in different case scenarios,then proceeds to summarize the nitrogen preferences of individual yeast strains with regulation mechanisms elucidated by recent studies.Detailed discussions on the influences on the production of volatile compounds and proposed pathways therein are made,followed by future work suggested as the final section.In summarizing the nitrogen impacts on non-Saccharomyces yeasts throughout alcoholic fermentation,this review will be helpful in obtaining a more comprehensive view on these non-conventional wine yeasts in terms of nutrient requirements and corresponding volatile production.Research gaps will therefore be elucidated for future research.展开更多
In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae （S. cerevisiae） was exposed to dielectric barrier discharge plasma （DBD） to improve its ethanol production capacity during fermenta- tion. Response surface methodology （RSM...In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae （S. cerevisiae） was exposed to dielectric barrier discharge plasma （DBD） to improve its ethanol production capacity during fermenta- tion. Response surface methodology （RSM） was used to optimize the discharge-associated pa- rameters of DBD for the purpose of maximizing the ethanol yield achieved by DBD-treated S. cerevisiae. According to single factor experiments, a mathematical model was established using Box-Behnken central composite experiment design, with plasma exposure time, power supply volt- age, and exposed-sample volume as impact factors and ethanol yield as the response. This was followed by response surface analysis. Optimal experimental parameters for plasma discharge- induced enhancement in ethanol yield were plasma exposure time of 1 rain, power voltage of 26 V, and an exposed sample volume of 9 mL. Under these conditions, the resulting yield of ethanol was 0.48 g/g, representing an increase of 33% over control.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to use the microsatellites to evaluate acid-tolerance in Saccharomyces(S.) cerevisiae. Microsatellites have been widely used as the molecular marker to classify and identify S. cerevisiae stra...The aim of this paper is to use the microsatellites to evaluate acid-tolerance in Saccharomyces(S.) cerevisiae. Microsatellites have been widely used as the molecular marker to classify and identify S. cerevisiae strains, analyze genetic relationships among strains, and reveal genetic diversity of S. cerevisiae populations. In this paper, 25 key microsatellites of S. cerevisiae from 44 industrial yeast strains are investigated in the medium withconcentration gradients of acetic acid. Based on the analysis of correlations between the key microsatellite loci repeat numbers and acid-tolerance of the strains, the allele size of 4P14 a and 10P13 is positively related to acid-tolerance(p ? 0.05), the allele size of AT-X, 4P1 a and 10P8 are significantly negatively related to acid-tolerance(p ? 0.01). The above results provide informations on the molecular biodiversity of S. cerevisiae strains and can be a theoretical guidance for molecular marker assisted selection.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172340)。
文摘Nitrogen,one of the most crucial nutrients present in grapes and musts,plays a key role in yeast activities during alcoholic fermentation.Such influences are imposed on yeast growth and fermentation performances including the formation of secondary metabolites.Saccharomyces cerevisiae,the main yeast responsible for fermentation,has been studied extensively regarding nitrogen impacts.On the other hand,a similar study for non-Saccharomyces yeasts,whose contributions to winemaking have gradually been acknowledged,remains to be fully explored,with a few studies being reported.This review starts by discussing nitrogen impacts on non-Saccharomyces yeast growth and fermentation kinetics in different case scenarios,then proceeds to summarize the nitrogen preferences of individual yeast strains with regulation mechanisms elucidated by recent studies.Detailed discussions on the influences on the production of volatile compounds and proposed pathways therein are made,followed by future work suggested as the final section.In summarizing the nitrogen impacts on non-Saccharomyces yeasts throughout alcoholic fermentation,this review will be helpful in obtaining a more comprehensive view on these non-conventional wine yeasts in terms of nutrient requirements and corresponding volatile production.Research gaps will therefore be elucidated for future research.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.2124601221306015)+2 种基金Liaoning Provincial Public Welfare Research Foundation for Science Career of China(No.2011005001)Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.201205531)Scientific Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Education Department(No.L2011220)
文摘In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae （S. cerevisiae） was exposed to dielectric barrier discharge plasma （DBD） to improve its ethanol production capacity during fermenta- tion. Response surface methodology （RSM） was used to optimize the discharge-associated pa- rameters of DBD for the purpose of maximizing the ethanol yield achieved by DBD-treated S. cerevisiae. According to single factor experiments, a mathematical model was established using Box-Behnken central composite experiment design, with plasma exposure time, power supply volt- age, and exposed-sample volume as impact factors and ethanol yield as the response. This was followed by response surface analysis. Optimal experimental parameters for plasma discharge- induced enhancement in ethanol yield were plasma exposure time of 1 rain, power voltage of 26 V, and an exposed sample volume of 9 mL. Under these conditions, the resulting yield of ethanol was 0.48 g/g, representing an increase of 33% over control.
基金Funded by Open Project Program of the Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology,Ministry of Education,China(KLIBKF201102)the Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation of China(No.131020)+2 种基金the program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-11-0665)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP51313B)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘The aim of this paper is to use the microsatellites to evaluate acid-tolerance in Saccharomyces(S.) cerevisiae. Microsatellites have been widely used as the molecular marker to classify and identify S. cerevisiae strains, analyze genetic relationships among strains, and reveal genetic diversity of S. cerevisiae populations. In this paper, 25 key microsatellites of S. cerevisiae from 44 industrial yeast strains are investigated in the medium withconcentration gradients of acetic acid. Based on the analysis of correlations between the key microsatellite loci repeat numbers and acid-tolerance of the strains, the allele size of 4P14 a and 10P13 is positively related to acid-tolerance(p ? 0.05), the allele size of AT-X, 4P1 a and 10P8 are significantly negatively related to acid-tolerance(p ? 0.01). The above results provide informations on the molecular biodiversity of S. cerevisiae strains and can be a theoretical guidance for molecular marker assisted selection.
