Vaccinations are essential for preventing and treating disease,especially cancer nanovaccines,which have gained considerable interest recently for their strong anti-tumor immune capabilities.Vaccines can prompt the im...Vaccinations are essential for preventing and treating disease,especially cancer nanovaccines,which have gained considerable interest recently for their strong anti-tumor immune capabilities.Vaccines can prompt the immune system to generate antibodies and activate various immune cells,leading to a response against tumor tissues and reducing the negative effects and recurrence risks of traditional chemotherapy and surgery.To enhance the flexibility and targeting of vaccines,nanovaccines utilize nanotechnology to encapsulate or carry antigens at the nanoscale level,enabling more controlled and precise drug delivery to enhance immune responses.Cancer nanovaccines function by encapsulating tumor-specific antigens or tumor-associated antigens within nanomaterials.The small size of these nanomaterials allows for precise targeting of T cells,dendritic cells,or cancer cells,thereby eliciting a more potent anti-tumor response.In this paper,we focus on the classification of carriers for cancer nanovaccines,the roles of different target cells,and clinically tested cancer nanovaccines,discussing strategies for effectively inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes responses and optimizing antigen presentation,while also looking ahead to the translational challenges of moving from animal experiments to clinical trials.展开更多
Nanomaterials have been found increasing applications in the food sector.Nanostructured antimicrobials can be incorporated either to food matrix of food packaging or to provide extended safety and quality.However,the ...Nanomaterials have been found increasing applications in the food sector.Nanostructured antimicrobials can be incorporated either to food matrix of food packaging or to provide extended safety and quality.However,the interactions and effects of nanomaterials with biological systems are still poorly understood.Nanoparticles can enter the organism by oral,dermal and inhalation routes and distributed to different tissues by the circulatory system.Increasing evidence indicate that targeting to specific tissues,cellular uptake and intracellular fate of nanoparticles are strongly influenced by size,shape and surface properties.The specific characteristics of nanomaterials are also determinant for their toxicity in higher organisms.The dose,exposure time and administration route are important aspects influencing toxicity of nanoparticles as well.Both in vitro and in vivo evaluation studies on different types of nanostructures have providing information to support a better understanding about the interactions of nanoscale materials with biological systems.展开更多
基金financially supported by Excellent Young Science Fund for National Natural Science Foundation of China(82022033)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2024NSFJQ0048)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81902422)Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation(No.BK20231245)Program of Jiangsu Commission of Health(No.M2020024)Program of Yangzhou Commission of Health(No.2023-2-01,2024-2-08).
文摘Vaccinations are essential for preventing and treating disease,especially cancer nanovaccines,which have gained considerable interest recently for their strong anti-tumor immune capabilities.Vaccines can prompt the immune system to generate antibodies and activate various immune cells,leading to a response against tumor tissues and reducing the negative effects and recurrence risks of traditional chemotherapy and surgery.To enhance the flexibility and targeting of vaccines,nanovaccines utilize nanotechnology to encapsulate or carry antigens at the nanoscale level,enabling more controlled and precise drug delivery to enhance immune responses.Cancer nanovaccines function by encapsulating tumor-specific antigens or tumor-associated antigens within nanomaterials.The small size of these nanomaterials allows for precise targeting of T cells,dendritic cells,or cancer cells,thereby eliciting a more potent anti-tumor response.In this paper,we focus on the classification of carriers for cancer nanovaccines,the roles of different target cells,and clinically tested cancer nanovaccines,discussing strategies for effectively inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes responses and optimizing antigen presentation,while also looking ahead to the translational challenges of moving from animal experiments to clinical trials.
文摘Nanomaterials have been found increasing applications in the food sector.Nanostructured antimicrobials can be incorporated either to food matrix of food packaging or to provide extended safety and quality.However,the interactions and effects of nanomaterials with biological systems are still poorly understood.Nanoparticles can enter the organism by oral,dermal and inhalation routes and distributed to different tissues by the circulatory system.Increasing evidence indicate that targeting to specific tissues,cellular uptake and intracellular fate of nanoparticles are strongly influenced by size,shape and surface properties.The specific characteristics of nanomaterials are also determinant for their toxicity in higher organisms.The dose,exposure time and administration route are important aspects influencing toxicity of nanoparticles as well.Both in vitro and in vivo evaluation studies on different types of nanostructures have providing information to support a better understanding about the interactions of nanoscale materials with biological systems.
