Nano-catalysts containing copper–cobalt oxides(Cu–Co–O) have been synthesized by the citric acid(CA) complexing method. Copper(II) nitrate and Cobalt(II) nitrate were employed in different molar ratios as the start...Nano-catalysts containing copper–cobalt oxides(Cu–Co–O) have been synthesized by the citric acid(CA) complexing method. Copper(II) nitrate and Cobalt(II) nitrate were employed in different molar ratios as the starting reactants to prepare three types of nano-catalysts. Well crystalline nano-catalysts were produced after a period of 3 hours by the calcination of CA–Cu–Co–O precursors at 550 °C. The phase morphologies and crystal composition of synthesized nano-catalysts were examined using Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) methods. The particle size of nano-catalysts was observed in the range of 90 nm–200 nm. The prepared nano-catalysts were used to formulate propellant samples of various compositions which showed high reactivity toward the combustion of HTPB/AP-based composite solid propellants. The catalytic effects on the decomposition of propellant samples were found to be significant at higher temperatures. The combustion characteristics of composite solid propellants were significantly improved by the incorporation of nano-catalysts. Out of the three catalysts studied in the present work, Cu Co-I was found to be the better catalyst in regard to thermal decomposition and burning nature of composite solid propellants. The improved performance of composite solid propellant can be attributed to the high crystallinity, low agglomeration and lowering the decomposition temperature of oxidizer by the addition of Cu Co-I nano-catalyst.展开更多
采用溶胶凝胶法和浸渍法制备了以陶瓷颗粒为骨架的纳米级V2O5-WO3/TiO2(C)催化剂,并用X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)和扫描电子透镜(transmission electron microscopy,TEM)表征了催化剂的晶型和形貌。研究了TiO2凝胶热处理温度和WO...采用溶胶凝胶法和浸渍法制备了以陶瓷颗粒为骨架的纳米级V2O5-WO3/TiO2(C)催化剂,并用X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)和扫描电子透镜(transmission electron microscopy,TEM)表征了催化剂的晶型和形貌。研究了TiO2凝胶热处理温度和WO3负载量等重要参数对催化剂在以NH3为还原剂的选择性催化还原(selectivecatalytic reduc-tion,SCR)系统中的反应温度窗口、抗硫性的影响。最后考察了催化剂在不同NH3/NO比、O2含量、空速等因素下的性能指标。结果表明,在260～420℃的温度范围内,以陶瓷为骨架的负载型纳米V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂具有较高的SCR催化活性,且性能稳定;TiO2以锐钛形式存在的催化剂表现出高的抗硫性能,而TiO2以锐钛和金红石混晶形式存在时,抗硫性能比较差,但硫的中毒是可逆的,可再生;WO3负载量的增加提高了催化剂的活性。展开更多
文摘Nano-catalysts containing copper–cobalt oxides(Cu–Co–O) have been synthesized by the citric acid(CA) complexing method. Copper(II) nitrate and Cobalt(II) nitrate were employed in different molar ratios as the starting reactants to prepare three types of nano-catalysts. Well crystalline nano-catalysts were produced after a period of 3 hours by the calcination of CA–Cu–Co–O precursors at 550 °C. The phase morphologies and crystal composition of synthesized nano-catalysts were examined using Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) methods. The particle size of nano-catalysts was observed in the range of 90 nm–200 nm. The prepared nano-catalysts were used to formulate propellant samples of various compositions which showed high reactivity toward the combustion of HTPB/AP-based composite solid propellants. The catalytic effects on the decomposition of propellant samples were found to be significant at higher temperatures. The combustion characteristics of composite solid propellants were significantly improved by the incorporation of nano-catalysts. Out of the three catalysts studied in the present work, Cu Co-I was found to be the better catalyst in regard to thermal decomposition and burning nature of composite solid propellants. The improved performance of composite solid propellant can be attributed to the high crystallinity, low agglomeration and lowering the decomposition temperature of oxidizer by the addition of Cu Co-I nano-catalyst.
文摘采用溶胶凝胶法和浸渍法制备了以陶瓷颗粒为骨架的纳米级V2O5-WO3/TiO2(C)催化剂,并用X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)和扫描电子透镜(transmission electron microscopy,TEM)表征了催化剂的晶型和形貌。研究了TiO2凝胶热处理温度和WO3负载量等重要参数对催化剂在以NH3为还原剂的选择性催化还原(selectivecatalytic reduc-tion,SCR)系统中的反应温度窗口、抗硫性的影响。最后考察了催化剂在不同NH3/NO比、O2含量、空速等因素下的性能指标。结果表明,在260～420℃的温度范围内,以陶瓷为骨架的负载型纳米V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂具有较高的SCR催化活性,且性能稳定;TiO2以锐钛形式存在的催化剂表现出高的抗硫性能,而TiO2以锐钛和金红石混晶形式存在时,抗硫性能比较差,但硫的中毒是可逆的,可再生;WO3负载量的增加提高了催化剂的活性。
