The mechanical behaviors of the interface between coarse-grained soil and concrete were investigated by simple shear tests under condition of mixed soil slurry (bentonite mixed with cement grout).For comparison,the in...The mechanical behaviors of the interface between coarse-grained soil and concrete were investigated by simple shear tests under condition of mixed soil slurry (bentonite mixed with cement grout).For comparison,the interfaces both without slurry and with bentonite slurry were analyzed.The experimental results show that different slurries exert much influence on the strength and deformation of soil/structure interface.Under mixed soil slurry,strain softening and shear dilatation are observed,while shear dilatation appears under the small normal stress of the interface without slurry,and shear contraction is significant under the condition of the bentonite slurry.The thickness of the interface was determined by analyzing the disturbed height of the sample with both simple shear test and particle flow code (PFC).An elasto-plastic constitutive model incorporating strain softening and dilatancy for thin layer element of interface was formulated in the framework of generalized potential theory.The relation curves of shear stress and shear strain,as well as the relation curves of normal strain and shear strain,were fitted by a piecewise function composed by hyperbolic functions and resembling normal functions.The entire model parameters can be identified by tests.The new model is verified by comparing the measured data of indoor cut-off wall model tests with the predictions from finite element method (FEM).The FEM results indicate that the stress of wall calculated by using Goodman element is too large,and the maximum deviation between the test data and prediction is about 45%.While the prediction from the proposed model is close to the measured data,and the error is generally less than 10%.展开更多
The class of bi-directional optimal velocity models can describe the bi-directional looking effect that usually exists in the reality and is even enhanced with the development of the connected vehicle technologies. It...The class of bi-directional optimal velocity models can describe the bi-directional looking effect that usually exists in the reality and is even enhanced with the development of the connected vehicle technologies. Its combined string stability condition can be obtained through the method of the ring-road based string stability analysis. However, the partial string stability about traffic fluctuation propagated backward or forward was neglected, which will be analyzed in detail in this work by the method of transfer function and its H∞ norm from the viewpoint of control theory. Then, through comparing the conditions of combined and partial string stabilities, their relationships can make traffic flow be divided into three distinguishable regions, displaying various combined and partial string stability performance. Finally, the numerical experiments verify the theoretical results and find that the final displaying string stability or instability performance results from the accumulated and offset effects of traffic fluctuations propagated from different directions.展开更多
电力现货市场优化出清模型的难点是考虑安全约束的机组组合(security constrained unit commitment,SCUC)模型。构建一个好的SCUC模型以提升求解速度是长期以来的研究热点。随着省电力系统规模的不断发展,以及国内省间电力现货市场的运...电力现货市场优化出清模型的难点是考虑安全约束的机组组合(security constrained unit commitment,SCUC)模型。构建一个好的SCUC模型以提升求解速度是长期以来的研究热点。随着省电力系统规模的不断发展,以及国内省间电力现货市场的运行,现货市场对于出清模型的求解效率需求更为突出。该文对机组组合模型的研究历程进行详细综述,总结提出机组运行出力约束、出力上限约束、爬坡约束强化建模的机组运行模型;基于图论在线性最优潮流计算中的应用,构建输电网的环流潮流计算模型并引入SCUC模型,最终构建了一套可进一步提升求解效率的电力现货市场出清模型。最后通过多个大规模算例的计算分析表明,所提模型在保证不损失求解精度的同时,可有效提升求解效率,且对于阻塞频发的电力系统,优越性更为明显。展开更多
基金Project(20110094110002) supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of ChinaProject(200801014) supported by the Ministry of Water Resources of ChinaProject(50825901) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The mechanical behaviors of the interface between coarse-grained soil and concrete were investigated by simple shear tests under condition of mixed soil slurry (bentonite mixed with cement grout).For comparison,the interfaces both without slurry and with bentonite slurry were analyzed.The experimental results show that different slurries exert much influence on the strength and deformation of soil/structure interface.Under mixed soil slurry,strain softening and shear dilatation are observed,while shear dilatation appears under the small normal stress of the interface without slurry,and shear contraction is significant under the condition of the bentonite slurry.The thickness of the interface was determined by analyzing the disturbed height of the sample with both simple shear test and particle flow code (PFC).An elasto-plastic constitutive model incorporating strain softening and dilatancy for thin layer element of interface was formulated in the framework of generalized potential theory.The relation curves of shear stress and shear strain,as well as the relation curves of normal strain and shear strain,were fitted by a piecewise function composed by hyperbolic functions and resembling normal functions.The entire model parameters can be identified by tests.The new model is verified by comparing the measured data of indoor cut-off wall model tests with the predictions from finite element method (FEM).The FEM results indicate that the stress of wall calculated by using Goodman element is too large,and the maximum deviation between the test data and prediction is about 45%.While the prediction from the proposed model is close to the measured data,and the error is generally less than 10%.
基金Projects(51108465,71371192)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2014M552165)supported by China Postdoctoral Science FoundationProject(20113187851460)supported by Technology Project of the Ministry of Transport of China
文摘The class of bi-directional optimal velocity models can describe the bi-directional looking effect that usually exists in the reality and is even enhanced with the development of the connected vehicle technologies. Its combined string stability condition can be obtained through the method of the ring-road based string stability analysis. However, the partial string stability about traffic fluctuation propagated backward or forward was neglected, which will be analyzed in detail in this work by the method of transfer function and its H∞ norm from the viewpoint of control theory. Then, through comparing the conditions of combined and partial string stabilities, their relationships can make traffic flow be divided into three distinguishable regions, displaying various combined and partial string stability performance. Finally, the numerical experiments verify the theoretical results and find that the final displaying string stability or instability performance results from the accumulated and offset effects of traffic fluctuations propagated from different directions.
文摘电力现货市场优化出清模型的难点是考虑安全约束的机组组合(security constrained unit commitment,SCUC)模型。构建一个好的SCUC模型以提升求解速度是长期以来的研究热点。随着省电力系统规模的不断发展,以及国内省间电力现货市场的运行,现货市场对于出清模型的求解效率需求更为突出。该文对机组组合模型的研究历程进行详细综述,总结提出机组运行出力约束、出力上限约束、爬坡约束强化建模的机组运行模型;基于图论在线性最优潮流计算中的应用,构建输电网的环流潮流计算模型并引入SCUC模型,最终构建了一套可进一步提升求解效率的电力现货市场出清模型。最后通过多个大规模算例的计算分析表明,所提模型在保证不损失求解精度的同时,可有效提升求解效率,且对于阻塞频发的电力系统,优越性更为明显。
